ALREADY GRADED A+
biopsychosocial disadvantages Emphasis may be placed on one aspect of the model without
a solid integration of the three aspects.
It is difficult to provide interventions on all three aspects at the same time.
Some factors, such as risk and protective factors, cannot be changed.
Its eclectic freedom has at times been accused of leading to anarchic thinking.
Lithium reduces suicide in patients with bipolar disorder
Clozapine antisuicidal, anti aggressive effects and efficacy in schizophrenic patients,
evidence is not as strong as with lithium, considering the smaller number of large studies.
Ketamine very rapidly acting antidepressant and is reported to also have a profound
therapeutic benefit for suicidal ideation
AMPA receptor antagonist and raises GABA levels and perhaps those properties contribute to its
rapid and profound reduction in suicidal ideation
No-Suicide contract provide a false sense of assurance to the clinician
Suicide safety plan 1. prioritized written list of coping strategies and resources for use during
a ______ crisis,
2. provides a sense of control/framework, brief process, accomplished via an easy-to-read
format using the patient's own words,
3. involves a commitment to the treatment process (and staying alive).
4. It is developed collaboratively by the clinician and the youth in any clinical setting
,Suicide safety plan not appropriate when youth are at imminent suicide risk or have
profound cognitive impairment
involve family
Suicide safety plan includes 1. Warning signs (thoughts, images, mood, situation, behavior)
that a crisis may be developing
2. Internal coping strategies-things the patient can do to take their mind off of problems
without contacting another person (relaxation technique, physical activity)
3. Name at least two people and one social setting that provide distraction
4. Name a few individuals that the patient can talk to and ask for help
5. Name at least two professionals or agencies the patient can contact during a crisis
6. Identify ways the environment can be made safe
Suicide risk factors Previous attempts and family history
Hopelessness; depression; social isolation
Increased life stresses (dysfunctional families)
Psychopathology/mental disorder
Recent romantic breakup or pregnancy event
Substance use/abuse
Gay, lesbian, or bisexual orientation, or transgender or gender non-conforming identity
History of physical or sexual abuse
Suicide: most common symptoms/disorders PTSD, mood disorders, depressive disorders,
anxiety disorders
Depression with hopelessness
Family or peer invalidation
,Recent exposure to suicide
Impulsivity and aggression, lack of coping and problem-solving skills
Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) toolkit 1. screening youth ages 10-24 (for patients
with mental health chief complaints, consider screening below age 10).
2. recommended that screening be conducted without the parent/guardian present.
3. Patients who screen positive should receive a brief suicide safety assessment (BSSA)
conducted by a trained clinician to determine if a more comprehensive mental health
evaluation is needed
Sexual abuse refers to ___________behavior between a child and an adult or between two
children when one of them is significantly older or uses coercion. The perpetrator and the
victim may be of the same sex or the opposite sex
sexual abuse presentation 1. precocious behavior with peers and present a detailed
knowledge that reflects exposure beyond their developmental level.
2. Children who endure ________ or __________ often display sadistic and aggressive
behaviors themselves
3. anxiety symptoms, dissociative reactions and hysterical symptoms, depression, disturbances
in sexual behaviors, and somatic complaints.
abused child fear, guilt, anxiety, depression, and ambivalence regarding disclosure
sex abuse physical indicators 1. include sexually transmitted diseases (e.g., gonorrhea); pain,
irritation, and itching of the genitalia and the urinary tract; and discomfort while sitting and
walking
2. include enuresis, encopresis, anal and vaginal itching, anorexia, bulimia, obesity, headache,
and stomachache
, sexual abuse add'l sx not pathognomonic; children often display without the abuse.
1/3 have no sx
factors associated with more severe symptoms in the victims of sexual abuse greater
frequency and duration of abuse, sexual abuse that involved force or penetration, and sexual
abuse perpetrated by the child's father or stepfather
Emotional or psychological abuse 1. conveys worthless, flawed, unloved, unwanted, or
endangered.
2. spurn, terrorize, ignore, isolate, or berate the child.
3. verbal assaults (e.g., belittling, screaming, threats, blaming, or sarcasm),
4. exposing the child to domestic violence,
5. overpressuring through excessively advanced expectations,
6. enc/instruct to engage in antisocial activities
severity of emotional abuse (1) intent to inflict harm
(2) whether behaviors are likely to cause harm
Physical abuse defined 1. any act that results in a nonaccidental physical injury, such as
beating, punching, kicking, biting, burning, and poisoning
2. result of unreasonably severe corporal punishment or unjustifiable punishment
Phys abuse risk factors 1. poverty and psychosocial stress, parental substance abuse, and
mental illness.
2. less parental education, underemployment, poor housing, welfare reliance, and single
parenting.
3. domestic violence, social isolation, parental mental illness, and drug and alcohol abuse.