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Romanow Commission improve medicare's needs, infrastructure, access etc, sustainable
Kirby Report 2002 proposing the idea of expanding the private sector offerings with the
public health care system, medicare isn't sustainable need more funding and access as well
5 levels of health care 1. Health Promotion
2. Disease and Injury Prevention
3. Diagnosis and Treatment
4. Rehabilitation
5. Supportive Care
3 levels of care Primary care: 1st point of contact (family doctor)
Secondary care: general hospital (cancer unit)
Tertiary car: specialists and specialized hospitals (oncologist)
,Challenges to the health care system *cost accelerators
-technologies
-demographics
-consumer involvement
*equality and quality
-income status
-cultural competence
-evidence-informed practice
-quality and client safety
-quality workplaces
-privatization of services
-health care human resources
History of health care new colony devastated by infectious diseases, nursing care
influenced by indigenous peoples
Lay woman provided health care to all people
,Jeanne Mance Established first hospital in North America "Hotel-Dieu"
Marguerite d'Youville founder of the Grey Nuns, treated all and fundraised for the poor
History of nursing in Britan Low status, immigrants brought diseases
History of nursing in Canada well regarded, helped all people
Florence Nightingale Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing.
began professional education of nursing, advocated for health of people etc.
Nursing Education: hospital diplomas nursing schools founded to train nurses as well as
provide staff for hospitals (student's had it rough!)
St Catherines school of nursing I see and I am silent, first hospital school, not many
admission standards (white catholic not married)
, Mary Agnes Snively Director of the nursing school at Toronto General Hospital and one
of the founders of the Canadian Nurses Association
Added to the curriculum and made important changes
The Weir Report - recommended nursing education be integrated into general education
system, rather than hospital based
- recommendation not acted upon for many years
- students learning came second to education
Theory Provides a systematic view to explain (in nursing it predicts nursing care)
The nursing process (orlando) ADPIE
Assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, evaluation
grand theory a theory designed to describe and explain all aspects of a given phenomenon
(broad)