Exam 1: NCOA Exam Questions with Correct
Answers
common triggers of anaphylaxis foods, medications, animal serums, latex
define agglutination clumping effect occurring when an antibody acts as a cross-link
between two antigens
define antibodies a protein substance developed by the body in response to and
interacting with a specific antigen
define apoptosis programmed cell death
define immunosuppression the partial or complete suppression of the immune response
of an individual
define lymphocytes a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) occurring especially in
the lymphatic system.
,define neutrophils type of WBC that acts as a first line of defense
define opsonization the coating of antigen-antibody molecules with a sticky substance to
facilitate phagocytosis
define phagocytosis the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes
describe acquired immunity adaptive/develops as a result of prior exposure to an antigen
through immunization or by contracting a disease, both generate a protective immune
response. Relies on recognition of the specific foreign antigens
describe natural immunity present at birth/nonspecific, first line of defense, protects the
host without remembering prior contact with an infectious agent.
describe the administration of epinephrine 1:1000 subQ given subcutaneously in upper
extremity or thigh, may be followed by IV infusion
, explain the different stages of the immune response 1. recognition: recognition of
antigens as foreign or non-self by lymphocytes. 2. proliferation: lymphocytes stimulate T and B
cells to enlarge, divide, and proliferate. 3. response: differentiated lymphocytes function in a
humoral or cellular capacity. 4. effector: either the antibody of the humoral response or the
cytotoxic T cell of the cellular response reaches and connects with the antigen on the surface of
the foreign invader.
general nursing management for the stages of shock compensatory: identify underlying
cause, IVFs, O2 therapy, run labs, assess tissue perfusion; progressive: close monitoring, meds
and fluids, dialysis, balloon pump, mechanical ventilation; irreversible: carry out prescribed
treatments, monitor patient, prevent complications, comfort measures
how are antibodies formed? antibodies are produced by B cells.
Compensatory stage of shock Identify underlying cause, IVFs, O2 therapy, run labs, assess
tissue perfusion.
Progressive stage of shock Close monitoring, meds and fluids, dialysis, balloon pump,
mechanical ventilation.
Answers
common triggers of anaphylaxis foods, medications, animal serums, latex
define agglutination clumping effect occurring when an antibody acts as a cross-link
between two antigens
define antibodies a protein substance developed by the body in response to and
interacting with a specific antigen
define apoptosis programmed cell death
define immunosuppression the partial or complete suppression of the immune response
of an individual
define lymphocytes a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) occurring especially in
the lymphatic system.
,define neutrophils type of WBC that acts as a first line of defense
define opsonization the coating of antigen-antibody molecules with a sticky substance to
facilitate phagocytosis
define phagocytosis the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes
describe acquired immunity adaptive/develops as a result of prior exposure to an antigen
through immunization or by contracting a disease, both generate a protective immune
response. Relies on recognition of the specific foreign antigens
describe natural immunity present at birth/nonspecific, first line of defense, protects the
host without remembering prior contact with an infectious agent.
describe the administration of epinephrine 1:1000 subQ given subcutaneously in upper
extremity or thigh, may be followed by IV infusion
, explain the different stages of the immune response 1. recognition: recognition of
antigens as foreign or non-self by lymphocytes. 2. proliferation: lymphocytes stimulate T and B
cells to enlarge, divide, and proliferate. 3. response: differentiated lymphocytes function in a
humoral or cellular capacity. 4. effector: either the antibody of the humoral response or the
cytotoxic T cell of the cellular response reaches and connects with the antigen on the surface of
the foreign invader.
general nursing management for the stages of shock compensatory: identify underlying
cause, IVFs, O2 therapy, run labs, assess tissue perfusion; progressive: close monitoring, meds
and fluids, dialysis, balloon pump, mechanical ventilation; irreversible: carry out prescribed
treatments, monitor patient, prevent complications, comfort measures
how are antibodies formed? antibodies are produced by B cells.
Compensatory stage of shock Identify underlying cause, IVFs, O2 therapy, run labs, assess
tissue perfusion.
Progressive stage of shock Close monitoring, meds and fluids, dialysis, balloon pump,
mechanical ventilation.
