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Exam (elaborations)

HESI – Fundamentals Questions with Verified Answers

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HESI – Fundamentals Questions with Verified Answers

Institution
HESI RN Fundamentals V1 And V2
Course
HESI RN Fundamentals v1 and v2










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Institution
HESI RN Fundamentals v1 and v2
Course
HESI RN Fundamentals v1 and v2

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Uploaded on
March 29, 2025
Number of pages
21
Written in
2024/2025
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HESI – Fundamentals Questions with
Verified Answers 2025-2026
WhenAturningAanAimmobileAbedriddenAclientAwithoutAassistance,AwhichAactionAbyAtheA
nurseAbestAensuresAclientAsafety?
A.ASecurelyAgraspAtheAclient'sAarmAandAleg.
B.APutAbedArailsAupAonAtheAsideAofAbedAoppositeAfromAtheAnurse.
C.ACorrectlyApositionAandAuseAaAturnAsheet.
D.ALowerAtheAheadAofAtheAclient'sAbedAslowly.A-AcorrectAanswers-B
Rationale:ABecauseAtheAnurseAcanAonlyAstandAonAoneAsideAofAtheAbed,AbedArailsAshouldAbe
AupAonAtheAoppositeAsideAtoAensureAthatAtheAclientAdoesAnotAfallAoutAofAbed.AOptionAAAcanAc

auseAclientAinjuryAtoAtheAskinAorAjoint.AOptionsACAandADAareAusefulAtechniquesAwhileAturnin
gAaAclientAbutAhaveAlessApriorityAinAtermsAofAsafetyAthanAuseAofAtheAbedArails.
TheAnurseAidentifiesAaApotentialAforAinfectionAinAaAclientAwithApartial-thicknessA(second-
degree)AandAfull-thicknessA(third-
degree)Aburns.AWhatAinterventionAhasAtheAhighestApriorityAinAdecreasingAtheAclient'sAriskAo
fAinfection?
A.AAdministrationAofAplasmaAexpanders
B.AUseAofAcarefulAhandwashingAtechnique
C.AApplicationAofAaAtopicalAantibacterialAcream
D.ALimitingAvisitorsAtoAtheAclientAwithAburnsA-AcorrectAanswers-B
Rationale:ACarefulAhandwashingAtechniqueAisAtheAsingleAmostAeffectiveAinterventionAforAth
eApreventionAofAcontaminationAtoAallAclients.AOptionAAAreversesAtheAhypovolemiaAthatAiniti
allyAaccompaniesAburnAtraumaAbutAisAnotArelatedAtoAdecreasingAtheAproliferationAofAinfectiv
eAorganisms.AOptionsACAandADAareArecommendedAbyAvariousAburnAcentersAasApossibleAw
aysAtoAreduceAtheAchanceAofAinfection.AOptionABAisAaAprovenAtechniqueAtoApreventAinfectio
n.
TheAnurseAisAawareAthatAmalnutritionAisAaAcommonAproblemAamongAclientsAservedAbyAaAco
mmunityAhealthAclinicAforAtheAhomeless.AWhichAlaboratoryAvalueAisAtheAmostAreliableAindic
atorAofAchronicAproteinAmalnutrition?
A.ALowAserumAalbuminAlevel
B.ALowAserumAtransferrinAlevel
C.AHighAhemoglobinAlevel
D.AHighAcholesterolAlevelA-AcorrectAanswers-A
Rationale:ALong-
termAproteinAdeficiencyAisArequiredAtoAcauseAsignificantlyAloweredAserumAalbuminAlevels.A
AlbuminAisAmadeAbyAtheAliverAonlyAwhenAadequateAamountsAofAaminoAacidsA(fromAproteinA
breakdown)AareAavailable.AAlbuminAhasAaAlongAhalf-
life,AsoAacuteAproteinAlossAdoesAnotAsignificantlyAalterAserumAlevels.AOptionABAisAaAserumAp
roteinAwithAaAhalf-
lifeAofAonlyA8AtoA10Adays,AsoAitAwillAdropAwithAanAacuteAproteinAdeficiency.AOptionsACAandAD
AareAnotAclinicalAmeasuresAofAproteinAmalnutrition.

,InAcompletingAaAclient'sApreoperativeAroutine,AtheAnurseAfindsAthatAtheAoperativeApermitAisA
notAsigned.ATheAclientAbeginsAtoAaskAmoreAquestionsAaboutAtheAsurgicalAprocedure.AWhic
hAactionAshouldAtheAnurseAtakeAnext?
A.AWitnessAtheAclient'sAsignatureAtoAtheApermit.
B.AAnswerAtheAclient'sAquestionsAaboutAtheAsurgery.
C.AInformAtheAsurgeonAthatAtheAoperativeApermitAisAnotAsignedAandAtheAclientAhasAquestion
sAaboutAtheAsurgery.
D.AReassureAtheAclientAthatAtheAsurgeonAwillAanswerAanyAquestionsAbeforeAtheAanesthesia
AisAadministered.A-AcorrectAanswers-C

Rationale:ATheAsurgeonAshouldAbeAinformedAimmediatelyAthatAtheApermitAisAnotAsigned.AItAi
sAtheAsurgeon'sAresponsibilityAtoAexplainAtheAprocedureAtoAtheAclientAandAobtainAtheAclient'
sAsignatureAonAtheApermit.AAlthoughAtheAnurseAcanAwitnessAanAoperativeApermit,AtheAproc
edureAmustAfirstAbeAexplainedAbyAtheAhealthAcareAproviderAorAsurgeon,AincludingAanswerin
gAtheAclient'sAquestions.ATheAclient'sAquestionsAshouldAbeAaddressedAbeforeAtheApermitAisA
signed.
TheAnurseAisAassessingAseveralAclientsApriorAtoAsurgery.AWhichAfactorAinAaAclient'sAhistoryA
posesAtheAgreatestAthreatAforAcomplicationsAtoAoccurAduringAsurgery?
A.ATakingAbirthAcontrolApillsAforAtheApastA2Ayears
B.ATakingAanticoagulantsAforAtheApastAyear
C.ARecentlyAcompletingAantibioticAtherapy
D.AHavingAtakenAlaxativesAPRNAforAtheAlastA6AmonthsA-AcorrectAanswers-B
Rationale:
AnticoagulantsAincreaseAtheAriskAforAbleedingAduringAsurgery,AwhichAcanAposeAaAthreatAfor
AtheAdevelopmentAofAsurgicalAcomplications.ATheAhealthAcareAproviderAshouldAbeAinforme

dAthatAtheAclientAisAtakingAtheseAdrugs.AAlthoughAclientsAwhoAtakeAbirthAcontrolApillsAmayAb
eAmoreAsusceptibleAtoAtheAdevelopmentAofAthrombi,AsuchAproblemsAusuallyAoccurApostope
ratively.AAAclientAwithAoptionACAorADAisAatAlessAofAaAsurgicalAriskAthanAwithAoptionAB.
WhenAassistingAaAclientAfromAtheAbedAtoAaAchair,AwhichAprocedureAisAbestAforAtheAnurseAtoA
follow?
A.APlaceAtheAchairAparallelAtoAtheAbed,AwithAitsAbackAtowardAtheAheadAofAtheAbedAandAassis
tAtheAclientAinAmovingAtoAtheAchair.
B.AWithAtheAnurse'sAfeetAspreadAapartAandAkneesAalignedAwithAtheAclient'sAknees,AstandAan
dApivotAtheAclientAintoAtheAchair.
C.AAssistAtheAclientAtoAaAstandingApositionAbyAgentlyAliftingAupward,AunderneathAtheAaxillae
.
D.AStandAbesideAtheAclient,AplaceAtheAclient'sAarmsAaroundAtheAnurse'sAneck,AandAgentlyA
moveAtheAclientAtoAtheAchair.A-AcorrectAanswers-B
Rationale:AOptionABAdescribesAtheAcorrectApositioningAofAtheAnurseAandAaffordsAtheAnurseA
aAwideAbaseAofAsupportAwhileAstabilizingAtheAclient'sAkneesAwhenAassistingAtoAaAstandingAp
osition.ATheAchairAshouldAbeAplacedAatAaA45-
degreeAangleAtoAtheAbed,AwithAtheAbackAofAtheAchairAtowardAtheAheadAofAtheAbed.AClientsAs
houldAneverAbeAliftedAunderAtheAaxillae;AthisAcouldAdamageAnervesAandAstrainAtheAnurse'sA
back.ATheAclientAshouldAbeAinstructedAtoAuseAtheAarmsAofAtheAchairAandAshouldAneverAplac
eAhisAorAherAarmsAaroundAtheAnurse'sAneck;AthisAplacesAundueAstressAonAtheAnurse'sAneckA
andAbackAandAincreasesAtheAriskAforAaAfall.

, WhichAstep(s)AshouldAtheAnurseAtakeAwhenAadministeringAearAdropsAtoAanAadultAclient?A(S
electAallAthatAapply.)
A.APlaceAtheAclientAinAaAside-lyingAposition.
B.APullAtheAauricleAupwardAandAoutward.
C.AHoldAtheAdropperA6AcmAaboveAtheAearAcanal.
D.APlaceAaAcottonAballAintoAtheAinnerAcanal.
E.APullAtheAauricleAdownAandAback.A-AcorrectAanswers-A,AB
Rationale:ATheAcorrectAanswersA(AAandAB)AareAtheAappropriateAadministrationAofAearAdrop
s.ATheAdropperAshouldAbeAheldA1AcmA(½Ainch)AaboveAtheAearAcanalA(C).AAAcottonAballAshou
ldAbeAplacedAinAtheAoutermostAcanalA(D).ATheAauricleAisApulledAdownAandAbackAforAaAchildA
youngerAthanA3AyearsAofAage,AbutAnotAanAadultA(E).
TheAnurseAisAinstructingAaAclientAinAtheAproperAuseAofAaAmetered-
doseAinhaler.AWhichAinstructionAshouldAtheAnurseAprovideAtheAclientAtoAensureAtheAoptimal
AbenefitsAfromAtheAdrug?

A.A"FillAyourAlungsAwithAairAthroughAyourAmouthAandAthenAcompressAtheAinhaler."
B.A"CompressAtheAinhalerAwhileAslowlyAbreathingAinAthroughAyourAmouth."
C.A"CompressAtheAinhalerAwhileAinhalingAquicklyAthroughAyourAnose."
D.A"ExhaleAcompletelyAafterAcompressingAtheAinhalerAandAthenAinhale."A-AcorrectAanswers-
B
Rationale:ATheAmedicationAshouldAbeAinhaledAthroughAtheAmouthAsimultaneouslyAwithAco
mpressionAofAtheAinhaler.AThisAwillAfacilitateAtheAdesiredAdestinationAofAtheAaerosolAmedica
tionAdeepAinAtheAlungsAforAanAoptimalAbronchodilationAeffect.AOptionsAA,AC,AandADAdoAnotAa
llowAforAdeepAlungApenetration.
AA20-year-
oldAfemaleAclientAwithAaAnoticeableAbodyAodorAhasArefusedAtoAshowerAforAtheAlastA3Adays.A
SheAstates,A"IAhaveAbeenAtoldAthatAitAisAharmfulAtoAbatheAduringAmyAperiod."AWhichAactionA
shouldAtheAnurseAtakeAfirst?
A.AAcceptAandAdocumentAtheAclient'sAwishAtoArefrainAfromAbathing.
B.AOfferAtoAgiveAtheAclientAaAbedAbath,AavoidingAtheAperinealAarea.
C.AObtainAwrittenAbrochuresAaboutAmenstruationAtoAgiveAtoAtheAclient.
D.ATeachAtheAimportanceAofApersonalAhygieneAduringAmenstruationAwithAtheAclient.A-
AcorrectAanswers-D

Rationale:ABecauseAaAshowerAisAmostAbeneficialAforAtheAclientAinAtermsAofAhygiene,AtheAcli
entAshouldAreceiveAteachingAfirst,ArespectingAanyApersonalAbeliefsAsuchAasAculturalAorAspiri
tualAvalues.AAfterAclientAteaching,AtheAclientAmayAstillAchooseAoptionAAAorAB.ABrochuresArei
nforceAtheAteaching.
WhileAreviewingAtheAsideAeffectsAofAaAnewlyAprescribedAmedication,AaA72-year-
oldAclientAnotesAthatAoneAofAtheAsideAeffectsAisAaAreductionAinAsexualAdrive.AWhichAisAtheAbe
stAresponseAbyAtheAnurse?
A.A"HowAwillAthisAaffectAyourApresentAsexualAactivity?"
B.A"HowAactiveAisAyourAcurrentAsexAlife?"
C.A"HowAhasAyourAsexAlifeAchangedAasAyouAhaveAbecomeAolder?"
D.A"TellAmeAaboutAyourAsexualAneedsAasAanAolderAadult."A-AcorrectAanswers-A
Rationale:AOptionAAAoffersAanAopen-
endedAquestionAmostArelevantAtoAtheAclient'sAstatement.AOptionABAdoesAnotAofferAtheAclient

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