PART ONE:
1. Summarize the textbook section “II. The Origins of the Great Depression” located in the textbook
chapter, The Great Depression.
Despite the fact that the stock market expanded in popularity during the decade, just 2.5 percent of Americans held
brokerage accounts; the vast majority of Americans had no direct personal investment in Wall Street. The stock
market's collapse, no matter how spectacular, did not damage the American economy on its own. Instead, the crash
highlighted a slew of reasons that, when combined with the financial panic, sent the American economy into the
worst economic crisis in history. The return of conservative politics in the 1920s reinforced federal fiscal policies
that widened the divide: low corporate and personal taxes, easy credit, and low-interest rates overwhelmingly
favored wealthy investors, who spent their money on luxury goods and speculative investments in the rapidly rising
stock market. The pro-business policies of the 1920s were intended for an American economy based on the
manufacture and consumption of long-lasting commodities. The rise in automotive manufacturing, which was a
major engine of the American economy in the 1920s, slowed as fewer and fewer Americans with the wherewithal to
buy a car did so. Spurred on by the deepening agricultural downturn, Hoover approved the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of
1930, the heaviest tariff in American history, just as world markets began to disintegrate. Instead, as the Depression
swept over the country, Americans attempted to weather the storm as best they could, hoping for some respite from
the looming economic catastrophe that was suffocating so many lives.
2. What two “safeguards” does Franklin D. Roosevelt laid out to prevent another economic crisis in
his first inaugural address?
The two safeguards laid out to prevent another economic crisis were, “ require two safeguards against a return of the
evils of the old order; there must be a strict supervision of all banking and credits and investments; there must be an
end to speculation with other people's money, and there must be provision for an adequate but sound currency.”
PART TWO:
1. Summarize the textbook section “V. Migration and the Great Depression” located in the textbook chapter,
The Great Depression.
Lange, a Farm Security Administration photographer, shot the image in 1936 in a migrant farmworker camp in
Nipomo, California. The Okies, as such westward migrants were derisively dubbed by their new neighbors, were the
most noticeable group of people on the move during the Depression, drawn by news and rumors of work in distant
parts of the country. As relief efforts stalled, many state and municipal officials erected hurdles to migration, making
it harder for immigrants to get assistance or find jobs. Some state governments deemed bringing impoverished
migrants into the state a criminal, and local officials were given authority to deport migrants to neighboring states.
Dorothea Lange photographed the migration of migrant families pushed from their homes by drought and economic
despair while working as a photographer for the Works Progress Administration (WPA). This family, apprehended
by Lange in 1938, was walking 124 miles through Oklahoma because the father was unwell and so unable to acquire
relief or a WPA job. In early 1931, the Citizens Committee on Coordination of Unemployment Relief began working
closely with federal officials to conduct deportation raids in Los Angeles, while the Los Angeles County Department
of Charities launched a simultaneous drive to repatriate Mexicans and Mexican Americans on relief, negotiating a
charity rate with railroads to return Mexicans "voluntarily" to their mother country. The Immigration and
Naturalization Service ceased some of Hoover's more controversial methods during the New Deal, but with
1. Summarize the textbook section “II. The Origins of the Great Depression” located in the textbook
chapter, The Great Depression.
Despite the fact that the stock market expanded in popularity during the decade, just 2.5 percent of Americans held
brokerage accounts; the vast majority of Americans had no direct personal investment in Wall Street. The stock
market's collapse, no matter how spectacular, did not damage the American economy on its own. Instead, the crash
highlighted a slew of reasons that, when combined with the financial panic, sent the American economy into the
worst economic crisis in history. The return of conservative politics in the 1920s reinforced federal fiscal policies
that widened the divide: low corporate and personal taxes, easy credit, and low-interest rates overwhelmingly
favored wealthy investors, who spent their money on luxury goods and speculative investments in the rapidly rising
stock market. The pro-business policies of the 1920s were intended for an American economy based on the
manufacture and consumption of long-lasting commodities. The rise in automotive manufacturing, which was a
major engine of the American economy in the 1920s, slowed as fewer and fewer Americans with the wherewithal to
buy a car did so. Spurred on by the deepening agricultural downturn, Hoover approved the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of
1930, the heaviest tariff in American history, just as world markets began to disintegrate. Instead, as the Depression
swept over the country, Americans attempted to weather the storm as best they could, hoping for some respite from
the looming economic catastrophe that was suffocating so many lives.
2. What two “safeguards” does Franklin D. Roosevelt laid out to prevent another economic crisis in
his first inaugural address?
The two safeguards laid out to prevent another economic crisis were, “ require two safeguards against a return of the
evils of the old order; there must be a strict supervision of all banking and credits and investments; there must be an
end to speculation with other people's money, and there must be provision for an adequate but sound currency.”
PART TWO:
1. Summarize the textbook section “V. Migration and the Great Depression” located in the textbook chapter,
The Great Depression.
Lange, a Farm Security Administration photographer, shot the image in 1936 in a migrant farmworker camp in
Nipomo, California. The Okies, as such westward migrants were derisively dubbed by their new neighbors, were the
most noticeable group of people on the move during the Depression, drawn by news and rumors of work in distant
parts of the country. As relief efforts stalled, many state and municipal officials erected hurdles to migration, making
it harder for immigrants to get assistance or find jobs. Some state governments deemed bringing impoverished
migrants into the state a criminal, and local officials were given authority to deport migrants to neighboring states.
Dorothea Lange photographed the migration of migrant families pushed from their homes by drought and economic
despair while working as a photographer for the Works Progress Administration (WPA). This family, apprehended
by Lange in 1938, was walking 124 miles through Oklahoma because the father was unwell and so unable to acquire
relief or a WPA job. In early 1931, the Citizens Committee on Coordination of Unemployment Relief began working
closely with federal officials to conduct deportation raids in Los Angeles, while the Los Angeles County Department
of Charities launched a simultaneous drive to repatriate Mexicans and Mexican Americans on relief, negotiating a
charity rate with railroads to return Mexicans "voluntarily" to their mother country. The Immigration and
Naturalization Service ceased some of Hoover's more controversial methods during the New Deal, but with
