1 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026
First Aid-USMLE STEP 1 High Yield Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers)
/Already Graded A+
Abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatomegaly
Ans: Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)
-Absence of JVD
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use
Ans: Clostridium difficile infection
Achilles tendon xanthoma
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: Familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL receptor signaling)
Approved By:
Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC
Ans: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (menengococcemia)
Anaphylaxis following blood transfusion
Ans: IgA deficiency
Anterior "drawer sign" ⊕
Ans: Anterior cruciate ligament injury
Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints
Ans: Marfan syndrome (fibrillin defect)
Athlete with polycythemia
Ans: 2° to erythropoietin injection
Back pain, fever, night sweats
, 2 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026
Ans: Pott disease (vertebral TB)
Bilateral acoustic schwannomas
Ans: Neurofibromatosis type 2
Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
Ans: Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)
Black eschar on face of patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
Ans: Mucor or Rhizopus fungal infection
Blue sclera, brittle bones
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: Osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)
Approved By:
Bluish line on gingiva
Ans: Burton line (lead poisoning)
Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis
Ans: Paget disease of bone (osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)
Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
Ans: Aortic regurgitation
"Butterfly" facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in a young female
Ans: Systemic lupus erythematosus
Café-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma), cutaneous
neurofibromas, pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas
Ans: Neurofibromatosis type I, pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas
Café-au-lait spots (unilateral), polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious
puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities
, 3 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026
Ans: McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)
Calf pseudohypertrophy
Ans: Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne, due to X-linked
recessive frameshift mutation of dystrophin gene)
Child with cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary
aneurysms, red conjunctivae and tongue
Ans: Kawasaki disease (treat with IVIG and aspirin)
"Cherry-red spots" on macula
Ans: Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Niemann-Pick
(sphingomyelin accumulation), central retinal artery occlusion
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Approved By:
Chest pain on exertion
Ans: Angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable: with minimal
exertion or at rest)
Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
Ans: Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous
pericarditis, 2-12 weeks after acute episode
Chest pain with ST depressions on EKG
Ans: Unstable angina (troponins −) or NSTEMI (troponins +)
Child uses arms to stand up from squat
Ans: Gowers sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy)
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body
Ans: "Slapped cheeks" (erythema infectiosum/fifth disease: parvovirus
B19)
Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration
, 4 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026
Ans: Huntington disease (autosomal dominant CAG repeat expansion)
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
Ans: Congenital toxoplasmosis
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps,
myoglobinuria
Ans: McArdle disease (skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
Cold intolerance
Ans: Hypothyroidism
Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; may be unilateral or
Approved By:
bilateral)
Continuous "machine-like" heart murmur
Ans: PDA (close with indomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analogs)
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
Ans: Myxedema (caused by hypothyroidism, Graves disease [pretibial])
Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm
Ans: Carcinoid syndrome (right-sided cardiac valvular lesions, 5-HIAA)
Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in a patient with AIDS
Ans: Kaposi sarcoma, associated with HHV-8
Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation
Ans: Kussmaul respirations (diabetic ketoacidosis)
Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
First Aid-USMLE STEP 1 High Yield Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers)
/Already Graded A+
Abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatomegaly
Ans: Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)
-Absence of JVD
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use
Ans: Clostridium difficile infection
Achilles tendon xanthoma
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: Familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL receptor signaling)
Approved By:
Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC
Ans: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (menengococcemia)
Anaphylaxis following blood transfusion
Ans: IgA deficiency
Anterior "drawer sign" ⊕
Ans: Anterior cruciate ligament injury
Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints
Ans: Marfan syndrome (fibrillin defect)
Athlete with polycythemia
Ans: 2° to erythropoietin injection
Back pain, fever, night sweats
, 2 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026
Ans: Pott disease (vertebral TB)
Bilateral acoustic schwannomas
Ans: Neurofibromatosis type 2
Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
Ans: Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)
Black eschar on face of patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
Ans: Mucor or Rhizopus fungal infection
Blue sclera, brittle bones
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: Osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)
Approved By:
Bluish line on gingiva
Ans: Burton line (lead poisoning)
Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis
Ans: Paget disease of bone (osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)
Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
Ans: Aortic regurgitation
"Butterfly" facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in a young female
Ans: Systemic lupus erythematosus
Café-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma), cutaneous
neurofibromas, pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas
Ans: Neurofibromatosis type I, pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas
Café-au-lait spots (unilateral), polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious
puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities
, 3 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026
Ans: McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)
Calf pseudohypertrophy
Ans: Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne, due to X-linked
recessive frameshift mutation of dystrophin gene)
Child with cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary
aneurysms, red conjunctivae and tongue
Ans: Kawasaki disease (treat with IVIG and aspirin)
"Cherry-red spots" on macula
Ans: Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Niemann-Pick
(sphingomyelin accumulation), central retinal artery occlusion
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Approved By:
Chest pain on exertion
Ans: Angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable: with minimal
exertion or at rest)
Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
Ans: Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous
pericarditis, 2-12 weeks after acute episode
Chest pain with ST depressions on EKG
Ans: Unstable angina (troponins −) or NSTEMI (troponins +)
Child uses arms to stand up from squat
Ans: Gowers sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy)
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body
Ans: "Slapped cheeks" (erythema infectiosum/fifth disease: parvovirus
B19)
Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration
, 4 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026
Ans: Huntington disease (autosomal dominant CAG repeat expansion)
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
Ans: Congenital toxoplasmosis
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps,
myoglobinuria
Ans: McArdle disease (skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
Cold intolerance
Ans: Hypothyroidism
Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia
Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; may be unilateral or
Approved By:
bilateral)
Continuous "machine-like" heart murmur
Ans: PDA (close with indomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analogs)
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
Ans: Myxedema (caused by hypothyroidism, Graves disease [pretibial])
Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm
Ans: Carcinoid syndrome (right-sided cardiac valvular lesions, 5-HIAA)
Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in a patient with AIDS
Ans: Kaposi sarcoma, associated with HHV-8
Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation
Ans: Kussmaul respirations (diabetic ketoacidosis)
Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
