TEST BANK
PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY 5TH EDITION
Laurence Moran, Robert Horton, Gray Scrimgeour & Marc Perry
,Principles of Biochemistry, 5th Edition Test Bank By: Moran, Horton, Scrimgeour, Perry
Contents:
Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry 1
Chapter 2 Water 10
Chapter 3 Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins 27
Chapter 4 Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function 46
Chapter 5 Properties of Enzymes 65
Chapter 6 Mechanisms of Enzymes 85
Chapter 7 Coenzymes and Vitamins 104
Chapter 8 Carbohydrates 119
Chapter 9 Lipids and Membranes 137
Chapter 10 Introduction to Metabolism 153
Chapter 11 Glycolysis 169
Chapter 12 Gluconeogenesis, The Pentose Phosphate Pathway,
and Glycogen Metabolism 185
Chapter 13 The Citric Acid Cycle 199
Chapter 14 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation 213
Chapter 15 Photosynthesis 227
Chapter 16 Lipid Metabolism 241
Chapter 17 Amino Acid Metabolism 256
Chapter 18 Nucleotide Metabolism 269
Chapter 19 Nucleic Acids 284
Chapter 20 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination 300
Chapter 21 Transcription and RNA Processing 315
Chapter 22 Protein Synthesis 330
Chapter 23 Recombinant DNA Technology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
1) Which elements account for more than 97% of the weight of most organisms?
A) C, H, N, Mg, O, S
B) C, H, N, O, P, S
C) C, H, N
D) Fe, C, H, O, P
E) Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Cl-
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 2
2) Proteins in biological membranes may be
A) porous.
B) attached to the membrane surface.
C) span the membrane.
D) All of the above
E) B and C only
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 3
3) Which statement about cellulose is false?
A) It is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature.
B) Its monomers are joined by glycosidic bonds.
C) It is present in the stems of flowering plants.
D) The hydroxyl groups of neighboring cellulose molecules interact to form strong, insoluble
fibers.
E) It is a branched polymer of glucose.
Answer: E
Page Ref: Section 3
1
,4) When Keq of a reaction = 1, then
A) the forward reaction is faster than the reverse reaction.
B) the reverse reaction is faster than the forward reaction.
C) the forward and reverse reaction rate constants are equal.
D) more products are formed than reactants.
E) fewer products are formed than reactants.
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 4
5) Which statement is true about a reaction with an equilibrium constant, Keq, equal to 1000?
A) The forward rate constant is 1000 times greater than the reverse rate constant.
B) The forward rate constant is 3 times greater than reverse rate constant.
C) The forward rate constant is 1000 times smaller than the reverse rate constant.
D) The forward rate constant is 3 times smaller than the reverse rate constant.
E) There is not enough information given to compare the forward and reverse rate constants.
Answer: A
Page Ref: Section 4
6) The study of the energy changes during metabolic reactions is called .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biological heat dynamics
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 4
7) A spontaneous chemical reaction always has a change.
A) positive Gibbʹs free energy
B) negative Gibbʹs free energy
C) positive enthalpy
D) negative enthalpy
E) positive entropy
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 4
2
, 8) Prokaryotes are valuable tools for biochemists because
A) E. coli is well-studied and typical of prokaryotes.
B) they contain as many genes as eukaryotic cells.
C) many of their chromosomes are sequenced.
D) they are not very diverse organisms.
E) All of the above
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 6
9) Which cellular component carries out oxidation reactions, some of which produce hydrogen
peroxide?
A) peroxisomes
B) mitochondria
C) chloroplasts
D) lysosomes
E) vacuoles
Answer: A
Page Ref: Section 8
10) Why is it important that the enzymes in lysosomes are more active at acidic pH than at neutral
pH?
A) Since lysosomes are primarily found in the stomach acid of mammals, their pH
dependence allows for maximum efficiency for the digestion of foodstuffs.
B) It prevents their diffusion out of the lysosomes.
C) It maximizes the interaction with their substrates which are always bases.
D) It prevents them from accidentally degrading the macromolecules in the cytosol.
E) It allows for regulation of their uptake by the mitochondria.
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 8
11) Molecules from living cells cannot be synthesized outside of living cells.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: Section 1
12) Fermentation in the absence of cells demonstrated that metabolic processes were chemical in
nature.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: Section 1
3
,13) Enzymes f are fprotein fcatalysts fthat f form fan fintermediate f with fa f substrate fthat f fits finto fit.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
14) The fmodified flock-and-key ftheory fof fenzyme faction fproposed fby fEmil fFischer
fhas fbeen fcompletely freplaced fby fmore f modern fideas fof fcatalysis.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
15) Enzymes fare fnot fas fefficient fas fmost fcatalysts fused fin forganic fchemistry, fsince
fthey fmust ffunction fat fbody ftemperature.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
16) Bioinformatics fhas fpermitted frapid fadvances fin four funderstanding fof
fstructural fmacromolecules ffrom fliving fcells.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: fSection f 1
17) The frole fof fDNA fas fthe fgenetic fmaterial fwas fconfirmed fby ftransforming fStreptococci
fin fexperiments fperformed fseveral fyears fafter fthe ffamous fWatson fand fCrick
fdescription fof fDNA fstructure.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
18) Crick freferred fto fthe fflow fof finformation ffrom fnucleic facid fto fprotein fas fthe
fCentral fDogma. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
19) Functional fgroups fdescribe fone for fmore fportions fof forganic fcompounds ffound fin
fliving fcells. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 2
20) A fphosphate fester fcontains fa fphosphate ffunctional
fgroup. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 2
21) Under fmost fbiological fconditions, facid fgroups fand famino fgroups fare ffully
fprotonated. fAnswer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 2
4
, 22) Removal fof fwater ffrom fresidues fof fa fmacromolecule fresults fin fthe
fformation fof fthat fmacromolecule.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
23) Mr fis fthe fmass fof fa fmolecule frelative fto f1/12 fthe fmass fof fan fatom fof fthe fmost
fcommon fisotope fof fcarbon.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
24) Biochemists fdescribing fthe fmolecular fweight fof fa fprotein freally fmean fthe fatomic
fweight fin fgrams.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
25) The fabsolute fmolecular fmass fof fmacromolecules fis fgiven fin fdaltons, fwhere f1 fdalton f=
f1 fatomic fmass funit.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
26) A fpeptide fbond fis fformed fby fthe fcondensation fof fdifferent ffunctional fgroups ffrom
ftwo famino facids.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
27) The fconformation fof fa fprotein fenzyme fdetermines fwhether fit fis ffunctional
for fnot. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
28) Lysozyme fis fan fenzyme fwith fa fcleft for fdepression fat fits
factive fsite. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
29) The fHaworth fprojection fof fthe fring fform fof fa f monosaccharide falways fshows fa fflat
fplane fwith fone fedge fprojecting fout fof fthe fpage f(using fthicker flines).
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
30) Sugars fwith fsix fcarbons fare fthe fonly fones fcapable fof fforming fa fring fstructure fas
fshown fin fa fHaworth fprojection.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
5
PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY 5TH EDITION
Laurence Moran, Robert Horton, Gray Scrimgeour & Marc Perry
,Principles of Biochemistry, 5th Edition Test Bank By: Moran, Horton, Scrimgeour, Perry
Contents:
Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry 1
Chapter 2 Water 10
Chapter 3 Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins 27
Chapter 4 Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function 46
Chapter 5 Properties of Enzymes 65
Chapter 6 Mechanisms of Enzymes 85
Chapter 7 Coenzymes and Vitamins 104
Chapter 8 Carbohydrates 119
Chapter 9 Lipids and Membranes 137
Chapter 10 Introduction to Metabolism 153
Chapter 11 Glycolysis 169
Chapter 12 Gluconeogenesis, The Pentose Phosphate Pathway,
and Glycogen Metabolism 185
Chapter 13 The Citric Acid Cycle 199
Chapter 14 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation 213
Chapter 15 Photosynthesis 227
Chapter 16 Lipid Metabolism 241
Chapter 17 Amino Acid Metabolism 256
Chapter 18 Nucleotide Metabolism 269
Chapter 19 Nucleic Acids 284
Chapter 20 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination 300
Chapter 21 Transcription and RNA Processing 315
Chapter 22 Protein Synthesis 330
Chapter 23 Recombinant DNA Technology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
1) Which elements account for more than 97% of the weight of most organisms?
A) C, H, N, Mg, O, S
B) C, H, N, O, P, S
C) C, H, N
D) Fe, C, H, O, P
E) Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Cl-
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 2
2) Proteins in biological membranes may be
A) porous.
B) attached to the membrane surface.
C) span the membrane.
D) All of the above
E) B and C only
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 3
3) Which statement about cellulose is false?
A) It is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature.
B) Its monomers are joined by glycosidic bonds.
C) It is present in the stems of flowering plants.
D) The hydroxyl groups of neighboring cellulose molecules interact to form strong, insoluble
fibers.
E) It is a branched polymer of glucose.
Answer: E
Page Ref: Section 3
1
,4) When Keq of a reaction = 1, then
A) the forward reaction is faster than the reverse reaction.
B) the reverse reaction is faster than the forward reaction.
C) the forward and reverse reaction rate constants are equal.
D) more products are formed than reactants.
E) fewer products are formed than reactants.
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 4
5) Which statement is true about a reaction with an equilibrium constant, Keq, equal to 1000?
A) The forward rate constant is 1000 times greater than the reverse rate constant.
B) The forward rate constant is 3 times greater than reverse rate constant.
C) The forward rate constant is 1000 times smaller than the reverse rate constant.
D) The forward rate constant is 3 times smaller than the reverse rate constant.
E) There is not enough information given to compare the forward and reverse rate constants.
Answer: A
Page Ref: Section 4
6) The study of the energy changes during metabolic reactions is called .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biological heat dynamics
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 4
7) A spontaneous chemical reaction always has a change.
A) positive Gibbʹs free energy
B) negative Gibbʹs free energy
C) positive enthalpy
D) negative enthalpy
E) positive entropy
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 4
2
, 8) Prokaryotes are valuable tools for biochemists because
A) E. coli is well-studied and typical of prokaryotes.
B) they contain as many genes as eukaryotic cells.
C) many of their chromosomes are sequenced.
D) they are not very diverse organisms.
E) All of the above
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 6
9) Which cellular component carries out oxidation reactions, some of which produce hydrogen
peroxide?
A) peroxisomes
B) mitochondria
C) chloroplasts
D) lysosomes
E) vacuoles
Answer: A
Page Ref: Section 8
10) Why is it important that the enzymes in lysosomes are more active at acidic pH than at neutral
pH?
A) Since lysosomes are primarily found in the stomach acid of mammals, their pH
dependence allows for maximum efficiency for the digestion of foodstuffs.
B) It prevents their diffusion out of the lysosomes.
C) It maximizes the interaction with their substrates which are always bases.
D) It prevents them from accidentally degrading the macromolecules in the cytosol.
E) It allows for regulation of their uptake by the mitochondria.
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 8
11) Molecules from living cells cannot be synthesized outside of living cells.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: Section 1
12) Fermentation in the absence of cells demonstrated that metabolic processes were chemical in
nature.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: Section 1
3
,13) Enzymes f are fprotein fcatalysts fthat f form fan fintermediate f with fa f substrate fthat f fits finto fit.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
14) The fmodified flock-and-key ftheory fof fenzyme faction fproposed fby fEmil fFischer
fhas fbeen fcompletely freplaced fby fmore f modern fideas fof fcatalysis.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
15) Enzymes fare fnot fas fefficient fas fmost fcatalysts fused fin forganic fchemistry, fsince
fthey fmust ffunction fat fbody ftemperature.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
16) Bioinformatics fhas fpermitted frapid fadvances fin four funderstanding fof
fstructural fmacromolecules ffrom fliving fcells.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: fSection f 1
17) The frole fof fDNA fas fthe fgenetic fmaterial fwas fconfirmed fby ftransforming fStreptococci
fin fexperiments fperformed fseveral fyears fafter fthe ffamous fWatson fand fCrick
fdescription fof fDNA fstructure.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
18) Crick freferred fto fthe fflow fof finformation ffrom fnucleic facid fto fprotein fas fthe
fCentral fDogma. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 1
19) Functional fgroups fdescribe fone for fmore fportions fof forganic fcompounds ffound fin
fliving fcells. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 2
20) A fphosphate fester fcontains fa fphosphate ffunctional
fgroup. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 2
21) Under fmost fbiological fconditions, facid fgroups fand famino fgroups fare ffully
fprotonated. fAnswer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 2
4
, 22) Removal fof fwater ffrom fresidues fof fa fmacromolecule fresults fin fthe
fformation fof fthat fmacromolecule.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
23) Mr fis fthe fmass fof fa fmolecule frelative fto f1/12 fthe fmass fof fan fatom fof fthe fmost
fcommon fisotope fof fcarbon.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
24) Biochemists fdescribing fthe fmolecular fweight fof fa fprotein freally fmean fthe fatomic
fweight fin fgrams.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
25) The fabsolute fmolecular fmass fof fmacromolecules fis fgiven fin fdaltons, fwhere f1 fdalton f=
f1 fatomic fmass funit.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
26) A fpeptide fbond fis fformed fby fthe fcondensation fof fdifferent ffunctional fgroups ffrom
ftwo famino facids.
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
27) The fconformation fof fa fprotein fenzyme fdetermines fwhether fit fis ffunctional
for fnot. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
28) Lysozyme fis fan fenzyme fwith fa fcleft for fdepression fat fits
factive fsite. fAnswer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
29) The fHaworth fprojection fof fthe fring fform fof fa f monosaccharide falways fshows fa fflat
fplane fwith fone fedge fprojecting fout fof fthe fpage f(using fthicker flines).
Answer: f TRUE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
30) Sugars fwith fsix fcarbons fare fthe fonly fones fcapable fof fforming fa fring fstructure fas
fshown fin fa fHaworth fprojection.
Answer: f FALSE
Page fRef: f Section f 3
5
