Answers 100% Approved
The Classical school believes that behaviour is guided by hedonism. The concept
hedonism can be described as ... whereby offenders calculate the risks and rewards of
crime. a pleasure-and-pain principle
Process theories attempt to explain how individuals become offenders. The focus is on... as
experienced by the offender rather than the ... social interactions; social structure.
What is also referred to as "direct conditioning"? Differential reinforcement
Discussing the existence of threatening impulses is called ... denial.
In terms of the theory of differential association, learning the techniques for committing crime is
less important than acquiring the disposition needed to commit crime. This includes:
Motives, attitude and drives
, Akers (Williams, 2004) proposes that behaviour will be repeated when... positive
reinforcers outweigh negative reinforcers.
According to Jones (2001) the main strength of the theory of differential association is that it
showed that crime was not just a product of ... but that it could occur in all settings.
poverty
In relation to society's reaction to anomie, which of the following reactions or modes of
adaptations relates both to the most common reaction and to the most deviant reaction to
anomie? Conformity and innovation
The inability of a community structure to realise the common values of its residents and maintain
effective social control refers to which of the following theories? Social disorganisation
Which of the following factors is an essential feature of Eysenck's biosocial theory of
crime? Genetics
Choose the most correct option: One of the biosocial theory's core principles
include: Individual behaviour patterns are produced by genetic traits and the environment