A Level Physical Chemistry AQA questions
and correct answerwers 100% verified.
1- CORRECT ANSWER.relative mass of a proton
1- CORRECT ANSWER.relative mass of a neutron
1/1840 - CORRECT ANSWER.relative mass of an electron
+1 - CORRECT ANSWER.relative charge of a proton
0- CORRECT ANSWER.relative charge of a neutron
-1 - CORRECT ANSWER.Relative charge of an electron
strong nuclear force - CORRECT ANSWER.How is the nucleus held together
nuclear force - CORRECT ANSWER.is the nuclear force or electrostatic force stronger
number of protons - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the atomic number represent
atomic number z - CORRECT ANSWER.the number of protons in an atom
number of protons and neutrons - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the mass number
represent
mass number (A) - CORRECT ANSWER.the number of nucleons in an atom
isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER.atoms of the same element that have different numbers of
neutrons
electrons - CORRECT ANSWER.what determines the reactivity of an atom
H1/H2/H3 - CORRECT ANSWER.hydrogen isotopes
, 2Cl35/Cl37 - CORRECT ANSWER.Chlorine isotopes 2 22222 2 2 2
2
Br79/Br81 - CORRECT ANSWER.Bromine isotopes 2 22222 2 2 2
2
C-14 - CORRECT ANSWER.Carbon isotope used for carbon dating
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the first shell can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
8 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the second shell can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
18 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the third shell can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Relative Atomic Mass - CORRECT ANSWER.Ar 2 2 2 22222 2 2
2
Relative Atomic Mass - CORRECT ANSWER.average mass of 1 atom/1/12 of 1 atom of C-12
2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
determines the mass of separate atoms - 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.What does the mass spectrometer do?
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Vacuum - CORRECT ANSWER.First step of the TOF Spectrometer
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Time of Flight Mass spectrometer - CORRECT ANSWER.TOF spectrometer full
2 2 2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2
2
Kept under a high vacuum to avoid collisions with air molecules -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Vacuum step
22222 2 2 2
(TOF)
2
2
Ionisation - CORRECT ANSWER.Second step of the TOF spectrometer
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Dissolved in solvent and passing through needle to a positive terminal with a high voltage p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
roducing positively charged droplets which have lost electrons -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.First method of ionisation (TOF)
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Molecules gain a proton - CORRECT ANSWER.Second method of ionisation (TOF)
2 2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Acceleration - CORRECT ANSWER.Third step of the TOF spectrometer 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Positive ions attached to a negative plate so they accelerate towards it, faster
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
depending on their m/z ratio -
2
2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Acceleration step (TOF)
22222 2 2 2
mass/charge - CORRECT ANSWER.m/z ratio 2 22222 2 2 2
2
Ion Drift - CORRECT ANSWER.Fourth step of the TOF spectrometer
2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Ions pass through a hole in the negative plate, forming a beam to travel along the flight
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
tube to the detector -
2
2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Ion Drift step (TOF)
22222 2 2 2 2
2
Detection - CORRECT ANSWER.Fifth step of the TOF spectrometer
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Ions with highest velocities arrive at the detector first and flight times recorded. Ions pick
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
up an electron which causes a current to flow so they are detected -
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Detection
22222 2
step (TOF)
2
2
2
Data Analaysis - CORRECT ANSWER.Sixth step of the TOF spectrometer
2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
, 2
signal from the detector goes to a computer which generates the mass spectrum -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2CORRECT ANSWER.Data Analysis step (TOF 2 2 2 2
)
2
Identify the abundance of different isotopes -
2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.What can the mass spectrometer
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2
do
2
2
abundance - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the height of a peak on a mass spectrum give
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
m/z - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the horizontal axis on a mass spectrum give
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
(abundance x m/z) + (abundance x m/z) all over total abundance -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.How to work
22222 2 2 2 2
out the Ar of an element from a mass spectrum
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2n2 - 2
CORRECT ANSWER.General formula for the maximum number of electrons each energ
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
y level
2 2
can hold
2
2
2
s,p,d,f - CORRECT ANSWER.four different atomic sub-levels
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2
2
s - CORRECT ANSWER.Which sub-levels does the first shell contain
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
s,p - CORRECT ANSWER.Which sub-levels does the second shell contain
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
s,p,d - CORRECT ANSWER.Which sub-levels does the third shell contain
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the s sub-level can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
6 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the p sub-level can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
3 - CORRECT ANSWER.Maximum number of p-orbitals per shell
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
10 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the d sub-level can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
5 - CORRECT ANSWER.Maximum number of d-orbitals per shell
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
s-orbital - CORRECT ANSWER. 2 22222 2 2
2
p-orbital - CORRECT ANSWER. 2 22222 2 2
2
Atomic orbital - 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.A region of space around an atomic nucleus where there is a
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
high probability (95%) of finding an electron
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
cloud of negative charge - CORRECT ANSWER.what are electrons if not a solid particle
2 2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
It has a lower energy (fills before the 3d) -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.what property does the 4d shell have
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
compared to the 3d and what does this mean
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
opposite spins - CORRECT ANSWER.what must two electrons in the same orbital have
2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
First rule of allocating electrons to atomic orbitals -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
and correct answerwers 100% verified.
1- CORRECT ANSWER.relative mass of a proton
1- CORRECT ANSWER.relative mass of a neutron
1/1840 - CORRECT ANSWER.relative mass of an electron
+1 - CORRECT ANSWER.relative charge of a proton
0- CORRECT ANSWER.relative charge of a neutron
-1 - CORRECT ANSWER.Relative charge of an electron
strong nuclear force - CORRECT ANSWER.How is the nucleus held together
nuclear force - CORRECT ANSWER.is the nuclear force or electrostatic force stronger
number of protons - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the atomic number represent
atomic number z - CORRECT ANSWER.the number of protons in an atom
number of protons and neutrons - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the mass number
represent
mass number (A) - CORRECT ANSWER.the number of nucleons in an atom
isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER.atoms of the same element that have different numbers of
neutrons
electrons - CORRECT ANSWER.what determines the reactivity of an atom
H1/H2/H3 - CORRECT ANSWER.hydrogen isotopes
, 2Cl35/Cl37 - CORRECT ANSWER.Chlorine isotopes 2 22222 2 2 2
2
Br79/Br81 - CORRECT ANSWER.Bromine isotopes 2 22222 2 2 2
2
C-14 - CORRECT ANSWER.Carbon isotope used for carbon dating
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the first shell can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
8 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the second shell can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
18 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the third shell can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Relative Atomic Mass - CORRECT ANSWER.Ar 2 2 2 22222 2 2
2
Relative Atomic Mass - CORRECT ANSWER.average mass of 1 atom/1/12 of 1 atom of C-12
2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
determines the mass of separate atoms - 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.What does the mass spectrometer do?
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Vacuum - CORRECT ANSWER.First step of the TOF Spectrometer
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Time of Flight Mass spectrometer - CORRECT ANSWER.TOF spectrometer full
2 2 2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2
2
Kept under a high vacuum to avoid collisions with air molecules -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Vacuum step
22222 2 2 2
(TOF)
2
2
Ionisation - CORRECT ANSWER.Second step of the TOF spectrometer
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Dissolved in solvent and passing through needle to a positive terminal with a high voltage p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
roducing positively charged droplets which have lost electrons -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.First method of ionisation (TOF)
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Molecules gain a proton - CORRECT ANSWER.Second method of ionisation (TOF)
2 2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Acceleration - CORRECT ANSWER.Third step of the TOF spectrometer 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Positive ions attached to a negative plate so they accelerate towards it, faster
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
depending on their m/z ratio -
2
2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Acceleration step (TOF)
22222 2 2 2
mass/charge - CORRECT ANSWER.m/z ratio 2 22222 2 2 2
2
Ion Drift - CORRECT ANSWER.Fourth step of the TOF spectrometer
2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Ions pass through a hole in the negative plate, forming a beam to travel along the flight
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
tube to the detector -
2
2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Ion Drift step (TOF)
22222 2 2 2 2
2
Detection - CORRECT ANSWER.Fifth step of the TOF spectrometer
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Ions with highest velocities arrive at the detector first and flight times recorded. Ions pick
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
up an electron which causes a current to flow so they are detected -
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.Detection
22222 2
step (TOF)
2
2
2
Data Analaysis - CORRECT ANSWER.Sixth step of the TOF spectrometer
2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
, 2
signal from the detector goes to a computer which generates the mass spectrum -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2CORRECT ANSWER.Data Analysis step (TOF 2 2 2 2
)
2
Identify the abundance of different isotopes -
2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.What can the mass spectrometer
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2
do
2
2
abundance - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the height of a peak on a mass spectrum give
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
m/z - CORRECT ANSWER.what does the horizontal axis on a mass spectrum give
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
(abundance x m/z) + (abundance x m/z) all over total abundance -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.How to work
22222 2 2 2 2
out the Ar of an element from a mass spectrum
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2n2 - 2
CORRECT ANSWER.General formula for the maximum number of electrons each energ
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
y level
2 2
can hold
2
2
2
s,p,d,f - CORRECT ANSWER.four different atomic sub-levels
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2
2
s - CORRECT ANSWER.Which sub-levels does the first shell contain
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
s,p - CORRECT ANSWER.Which sub-levels does the second shell contain
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
s,p,d - CORRECT ANSWER.Which sub-levels does the third shell contain
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the s sub-level can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
6 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the p sub-level can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
3 - CORRECT ANSWER.Maximum number of p-orbitals per shell
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
10 - CORRECT ANSWER.Number of electrons the d sub-level can hold
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
5 - CORRECT ANSWER.Maximum number of d-orbitals per shell
2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
s-orbital - CORRECT ANSWER. 2 22222 2 2
2
p-orbital - CORRECT ANSWER. 2 22222 2 2
2
Atomic orbital - 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.A region of space around an atomic nucleus where there is a
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
high probability (95%) of finding an electron
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
cloud of negative charge - CORRECT ANSWER.what are electrons if not a solid particle
2 2 2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
It has a lower energy (fills before the 3d) -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CORRECT ANSWER.what property does the 4d shell have
22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
compared to the 3d and what does this mean
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
opposite spins - CORRECT ANSWER.what must two electrons in the same orbital have
2 2 22222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
First rule of allocating electrons to atomic orbitals -
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
