BIOLOGY EOC 9TH GRADE Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Solved
Cell (plasma) membrane phospholipid bilayer that protects and encloses the cell;
controls transport; maintains homeostasis
cell wall Rigid second layer that protects and encloses the cell (plant cells and some
bacteria)
Cytoplasm Fluid like substance that contains various membrane bound structures
(organelles) that perform various functions
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough) Site of chemical reactions contains ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth) Site of chemical reactions lipid production
Cytoskeleton: Microfilaments Provides internal structures (fibers)
,Cytoskeleton: Microtubules Provides internal structures (cylinders)
Unicellular organism that exists as a singular, independent cell
Multicellular Organism that exists as specialized groups of cells; cells are organized into
tissues that perform the same function; tissues form organs and organs make up an organ
system
Prokaryote A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Eukaryote A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
cell theory The cell is the basic unit of life
All organisms are composed of cells
All cells come from pre existing cells
cell specialization Cell~tissues~organs~organ system~organism
,Each cell performs a specific function for each tissue or organ
As cells mature they shape and contents change
Cells become more specialized they may contain organelles that are NOT common to all cells
(plastids,cell wall, vacuole, centriole)
Design and shape of a cell is dictated by its function and the conditions under which it works
Multicellular organisms exhibit greater cellular specialization, such as red blood cells, nerve
cells, and gland cells
animal cell
plant cell
passive transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use
of the cells energy ( with concentration gradient)
Diffusion the movement of substances across the plasma membrane from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
, Osmosis Diffusion of water across the plasma membrane from area of high concentration
to areas of low concentration
Facilitated transport a carrier molecule embedded in the plasma membrane transports a
substance across the plasma membrane following the high-to-low concentration gradient
Active transport movement of substances across a plasma membrane that requires the
use of the cells energy and carrier molecules; substances are moving from an area of low
concentration to an area of higher concentration (against the concentration of gradient)
Endocytosis large particles are brought into the cell
Exocytosis large particles leave the cell
Homeostasis Internal equilibrium ; plasma membrane regulates what enters and leaves
the cell ; a selectively permeable membrane only allows certain substances to pass through
Hypotonic solution water moves into the cell, cell bursts; less solute
Answers 100% Solved
Cell (plasma) membrane phospholipid bilayer that protects and encloses the cell;
controls transport; maintains homeostasis
cell wall Rigid second layer that protects and encloses the cell (plant cells and some
bacteria)
Cytoplasm Fluid like substance that contains various membrane bound structures
(organelles) that perform various functions
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough) Site of chemical reactions contains ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth) Site of chemical reactions lipid production
Cytoskeleton: Microfilaments Provides internal structures (fibers)
,Cytoskeleton: Microtubules Provides internal structures (cylinders)
Unicellular organism that exists as a singular, independent cell
Multicellular Organism that exists as specialized groups of cells; cells are organized into
tissues that perform the same function; tissues form organs and organs make up an organ
system
Prokaryote A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Eukaryote A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
cell theory The cell is the basic unit of life
All organisms are composed of cells
All cells come from pre existing cells
cell specialization Cell~tissues~organs~organ system~organism
,Each cell performs a specific function for each tissue or organ
As cells mature they shape and contents change
Cells become more specialized they may contain organelles that are NOT common to all cells
(plastids,cell wall, vacuole, centriole)
Design and shape of a cell is dictated by its function and the conditions under which it works
Multicellular organisms exhibit greater cellular specialization, such as red blood cells, nerve
cells, and gland cells
animal cell
plant cell
passive transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use
of the cells energy ( with concentration gradient)
Diffusion the movement of substances across the plasma membrane from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
, Osmosis Diffusion of water across the plasma membrane from area of high concentration
to areas of low concentration
Facilitated transport a carrier molecule embedded in the plasma membrane transports a
substance across the plasma membrane following the high-to-low concentration gradient
Active transport movement of substances across a plasma membrane that requires the
use of the cells energy and carrier molecules; substances are moving from an area of low
concentration to an area of higher concentration (against the concentration of gradient)
Endocytosis large particles are brought into the cell
Exocytosis large particles leave the cell
Homeostasis Internal equilibrium ; plasma membrane regulates what enters and leaves
the cell ; a selectively permeable membrane only allows certain substances to pass through
Hypotonic solution water moves into the cell, cell bursts; less solute
