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B - ✔✔Which of the following captures the essence of informed consent?
a. having members sign a contract before joining a group
b. telling members in some detail about the nature and purpose of the group
c. having members decide upon all the activities of the group
d. making sure that groups will always be composed of voluntary members.
C - ✔✔Several principles may underlie an ethical decision made by a counselor. Which
of the following is NOT one of those principles?
a. autonomy
b. nonmaleficience
c. pro bono
d. fidelity
B - ✔✔Maria, a 25 year old Latina woman, is in career counseling. In reviewing her
background, the counselor determines that she has followed the rules and expectations
of her close knit family. She now finds herself in a position needing to support her
family on her own and can't decide between three different occupational possibilities
which she has heard about. Maria may be characterized as...
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,a. career inefficacious
b. career undecided
c. needing more schooling
d. career indecisive
C - ✔✔Client: "I wrote some more in my journal yesterday. I wrote about the strong
urge to eat after I visited my mother. I almost went to the store for junk food but I
didn't."
Counselor: "The urge to eat was connected with your mother."
A long silence follows. The probably cause for the client's silence was...
a. boredom
b. hostility toward the counselor
c. emotional or cognitive integration
d. waiting for the counselor to lead.
D - ✔✔Individuals of European ancestry often enjoy benefits, without their awareness,
that people of color do not. This phenomenon is referred to as...
a. ethnocentrism
b. double standard
c. acculturation
d. white privilege
A - ✔✔On a college campus, a group of students of color has been protesting their
treatment alluding to harassing comments by whites and what they believe to be
discrimination in the grading system by their professors. Eleven of these students have
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,come to the campus counseling center and want to begin a group experience to arrive at
some answers and find solutions. The most appropriate theoretical orientation of the
counselor assigned to lead the group is...
a. behavioral
b. psychoanalytic
c. gestalt
d. person centered
A - ✔✔The science of neurobiology is growing in importance to the field of counseling
and psychotherapy. One part of neurobiology is neurotransmitters. Which of the
following statements is true?
a. neurotransmitters affect various cognitive, emotional, and psychological reactions
b. neurotransmitters are found primarily in the liver
c. neurotransmitters are unrelated to diet and nutrition
d. neurotransmitters are unimportant to physically healthy individuals
A - ✔✔An employment counselor uses the Ability Profiled which measures nine
aptitudes important for different jobs. His clients are typically uneducated. Because the
counselor is concerned how his clients' scores stack u p against others and how they
would perceive their aptitudes, he interprets the scores to each of his clients.
a. ipsatively
b. using national norms
c. using local norms
d. in relationship to other tests
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, C - ✔✔Jobs and careers of individuals have been changing over the years. Some newer
conceptualizations of the world of work have been noted. For example, when a retired
person chooses to or must re-enter the workforce, such work or career is often called
a. compensatory
b. portfolio
c. encore
d. life career.
B - ✔✔A licensed professioanl counselor in private practice is also trained in career
counseling and occasionally sees a client for career work. Generally, the counselor
receives insurance reimbursement for services she provides for her career clients who
are often experiencing anxiety and work related stress. The counselor assigns a DSM
code to these clients even though the insurance companies policies indicate that
payment for career services is not reimbursable. Which of the following statements is
most accurate?
a. the counselor is okay because she is concerned about the general health and welfare
of the lcient as the ethical code expects
b. the counselor is not okay because career counseling problems are not reimbursable
and this is insurance fraud
c. the counselor is okay because the experts in the literature agree that career counseling
is personal counseling
d. the counselor knows other counselors who have received reimbursement for similar
client problems.
D - ✔✔Practicing positive or reinforcing self statements has been called stress
inoculation. Who is the behaviorally oriented theorist who proposed this concept?
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