Electrocorticography and Functional
Mapping for CLTM Board Prep
_________ can sometimes motive function to progressively shift locations into sudden
regions creating a sort of functional cortical dysplasia.
A. Brainstem strokes
b. Low grade tumors
c. Epileptic seizures
d. Peripheral neuropathy - ANS-b. Low grade tumors
___% of newly recognized epilepsy will be seizure unfastened in a 10 yr length following
diagnosis. - ANS-70
A craniotomy is perfromed while placing which electrodes?
A. Sphenoidal electrodes
b. Depth electrodes
c. Subdural strips
d. Subdural grids - ANS-d. Subdural grids
A appropriate preference for a reference electrode placement in ECoG is the extracranial
mastoid due to the fact:
a. The mastoid is absolutely electrically inactive
b. It is a larger diameter
c. Though now not "inactive" it is distinctly quiet and the voltage of the intracranial electrodes
is four-5 instances the amplitude of scalp recorded hobby
d. It is made of various metallic so it is less probably to extend 60 Hz noise - ANS-c. Though
not "inactive" it's miles pretty quiet and the voltage of the intracranial electrodes is 4-five
instances the amplitude of scalp recorded interest
A postoperative CT experiment is used to: (choose all that apply)
a. Check for bleeding
b. Locate bony landmarks within the skull
c. Verify electrode placement - ANS-a. Check for bleeding
c. Verify electrode placement
Actual DC stimulation to outline eloquent cortex is:
a. Rarely accomplished due to the use of grids and strips and top SSEP studies
b. The "Gold Standard" in defining eloquent cortex
c. Outdated due to recent improvements in imaging techniques - ANS-b. The "Gold
Standard" in defining eloquent cortex
,An assessment of cognitive function, reasoning, hassle fixing, expressive language, lengthy
and quick term reminiscence, attention, processing speed, visual and spacial company, and
visible motor abilities is referred to as:
a. FMRI
b. A neuropsychological assessment
c. SPECT and PET scans
d. MRI and CT - ANS-b. A neuropsychological evaluation
Anesthetic routine for Functional Cortical Mapping of Upper Extremity SSEP would be:
a. No neuromuscular blockade (NMB), and may be accomplished with the patient unsleeping
or asleep
b. No anesthesia as the affected person ought to be wide awake for this procedure
c. Absolutely no halogenated gas as this can attenuate the small amplitude response
beyond measurability - ANS-a. No neuromuscular blockade (NMB), and may be carried out
with the patient unsleeping or asleep
Appropriate filter settings for ECoG are:
a. Zero.Five Hz to 35 Hz
b. Zero.Five Hz to 70 or 100 Hz
c. 5 Hz to 60 Hz
d. 1 Hz to 70 Hz - ANS-b. Zero.Five Hz to 70 or one hundred Hz
Awake craniotomy patients have to have muscle relaxant on board to prevent their pulling
out the ET tube:
a. True
b. False - ANS-b. False (There is no ET tube utilized in wide awake surgeries)
Broadmann's maps perceive the overall vicinity wherein we anticipate to find brain feature in
most of the people.
True or False? - ANS-True
Compared to different cognitive functions within the brain which can be shared pretty
similarly with the aid of each hemispheres, what functions are most lateralized?
A. Hearing and regulation of autonomic structures
b. Language and memory
c. Vision and higher extremity motor interest
d. Lower extremity and upper extremity somatosensory - ANS-b. Language and memory
Direct cortical stimulation of brain mapping can be achieved: (pick all that follow)
-Intraoperatively
-Without need of surgical treatment the use of floor scalp electrodes
-As an outpatient process
-Extra-operatively the use of implanted subdural electrodes - ANS--Extra-operatively using
implanted subdural electrodes
Dr Paul Broca, a neurosurgeon in 1861, recognized the location of expressive speech by
way of:
a. Studying laboratory animals
, b. Performing the first EP research in humans
c. Using direct cortical stimulation in surgical procedure
d. Following a affected person with expressive aphasia and performing an autopsy after the
affected person's loss of life
e. Combining consequences of CT, MRI, and fMRI - ANS-d. Following a affected person with
expressive aphasia and acting an autopsy after the affected person's death
During direct cortical stimulation, stimulation prompted seizures are eliminated about
ninety% of the time with cold lactated Ringer's solution irrigated onto the cortex.
True or False? - ANS-True
During ECoG a focal seizure can also demonstrate a function _____ at onset followed by
means of (as the seizure spreads) an growth in amplitude of rhythmic activity and a lower in
frequency.
A. Triphasic waves
b. Generalized 3Hz spike and wave
c. Rhythmic slowing
d. Attenuation or decrement - ANS-d. Attenuation or decrement
During speech localization, the usage of direct cortical stimulation, afterdischarges are NOT
preferred, due to the fact pauses in speech might be because of the seizure discharges
rather than the poor function phenomenon that is preferred to assist localize speech
function.
True or False? - ANS-True
During speech mapping if the patient stops speaking, delays or has paraphasic mistakes
throughout stimulation, this is called a bad phenomenon and identity of speech is then
marked at the cortex with sterile portions of paper.
True or False? - ANS-True
During surgical operation for an aortic arch dissection, the SSEP's from the decrease
extremities stay solid, EEG shows no alternate however there may be a sluggish lack of the
SSEP and Tc-MEP from the left arm. What is the most probable etiology?
A. Left side spinal cord injury
b. Right cortical harm
c. Right brainstem damage
d. Occlusion of the left subclavian artery - ANS-d. Occlusion of the left subclavian artery
ECoG is generally recorded the usage of:
a. Gold plated silver cup electrodes
b. Subdermal needle electrodes
c. Saline-soaked electrodes located on the cortical surface, commonly embedded in skinny
silastic sheets called grids and strips
d. Adhesive electrodes - ANS-c. Saline-soaked electrodes placed on the cortical surface,
commonly embedded in thin silastic sheets called grids and strips
Electrical stimulation of the cortex immediately in ECoG ends in a nice or negative function
phenomenon.
Mapping for CLTM Board Prep
_________ can sometimes motive function to progressively shift locations into sudden
regions creating a sort of functional cortical dysplasia.
A. Brainstem strokes
b. Low grade tumors
c. Epileptic seizures
d. Peripheral neuropathy - ANS-b. Low grade tumors
___% of newly recognized epilepsy will be seizure unfastened in a 10 yr length following
diagnosis. - ANS-70
A craniotomy is perfromed while placing which electrodes?
A. Sphenoidal electrodes
b. Depth electrodes
c. Subdural strips
d. Subdural grids - ANS-d. Subdural grids
A appropriate preference for a reference electrode placement in ECoG is the extracranial
mastoid due to the fact:
a. The mastoid is absolutely electrically inactive
b. It is a larger diameter
c. Though now not "inactive" it is distinctly quiet and the voltage of the intracranial electrodes
is four-5 instances the amplitude of scalp recorded hobby
d. It is made of various metallic so it is less probably to extend 60 Hz noise - ANS-c. Though
not "inactive" it's miles pretty quiet and the voltage of the intracranial electrodes is 4-five
instances the amplitude of scalp recorded interest
A postoperative CT experiment is used to: (choose all that apply)
a. Check for bleeding
b. Locate bony landmarks within the skull
c. Verify electrode placement - ANS-a. Check for bleeding
c. Verify electrode placement
Actual DC stimulation to outline eloquent cortex is:
a. Rarely accomplished due to the use of grids and strips and top SSEP studies
b. The "Gold Standard" in defining eloquent cortex
c. Outdated due to recent improvements in imaging techniques - ANS-b. The "Gold
Standard" in defining eloquent cortex
,An assessment of cognitive function, reasoning, hassle fixing, expressive language, lengthy
and quick term reminiscence, attention, processing speed, visual and spacial company, and
visible motor abilities is referred to as:
a. FMRI
b. A neuropsychological assessment
c. SPECT and PET scans
d. MRI and CT - ANS-b. A neuropsychological evaluation
Anesthetic routine for Functional Cortical Mapping of Upper Extremity SSEP would be:
a. No neuromuscular blockade (NMB), and may be accomplished with the patient unsleeping
or asleep
b. No anesthesia as the affected person ought to be wide awake for this procedure
c. Absolutely no halogenated gas as this can attenuate the small amplitude response
beyond measurability - ANS-a. No neuromuscular blockade (NMB), and may be carried out
with the patient unsleeping or asleep
Appropriate filter settings for ECoG are:
a. Zero.Five Hz to 35 Hz
b. Zero.Five Hz to 70 or 100 Hz
c. 5 Hz to 60 Hz
d. 1 Hz to 70 Hz - ANS-b. Zero.Five Hz to 70 or one hundred Hz
Awake craniotomy patients have to have muscle relaxant on board to prevent their pulling
out the ET tube:
a. True
b. False - ANS-b. False (There is no ET tube utilized in wide awake surgeries)
Broadmann's maps perceive the overall vicinity wherein we anticipate to find brain feature in
most of the people.
True or False? - ANS-True
Compared to different cognitive functions within the brain which can be shared pretty
similarly with the aid of each hemispheres, what functions are most lateralized?
A. Hearing and regulation of autonomic structures
b. Language and memory
c. Vision and higher extremity motor interest
d. Lower extremity and upper extremity somatosensory - ANS-b. Language and memory
Direct cortical stimulation of brain mapping can be achieved: (pick all that follow)
-Intraoperatively
-Without need of surgical treatment the use of floor scalp electrodes
-As an outpatient process
-Extra-operatively the use of implanted subdural electrodes - ANS--Extra-operatively using
implanted subdural electrodes
Dr Paul Broca, a neurosurgeon in 1861, recognized the location of expressive speech by
way of:
a. Studying laboratory animals
, b. Performing the first EP research in humans
c. Using direct cortical stimulation in surgical procedure
d. Following a affected person with expressive aphasia and performing an autopsy after the
affected person's loss of life
e. Combining consequences of CT, MRI, and fMRI - ANS-d. Following a affected person with
expressive aphasia and acting an autopsy after the affected person's death
During direct cortical stimulation, stimulation prompted seizures are eliminated about
ninety% of the time with cold lactated Ringer's solution irrigated onto the cortex.
True or False? - ANS-True
During ECoG a focal seizure can also demonstrate a function _____ at onset followed by
means of (as the seizure spreads) an growth in amplitude of rhythmic activity and a lower in
frequency.
A. Triphasic waves
b. Generalized 3Hz spike and wave
c. Rhythmic slowing
d. Attenuation or decrement - ANS-d. Attenuation or decrement
During speech localization, the usage of direct cortical stimulation, afterdischarges are NOT
preferred, due to the fact pauses in speech might be because of the seizure discharges
rather than the poor function phenomenon that is preferred to assist localize speech
function.
True or False? - ANS-True
During speech mapping if the patient stops speaking, delays or has paraphasic mistakes
throughout stimulation, this is called a bad phenomenon and identity of speech is then
marked at the cortex with sterile portions of paper.
True or False? - ANS-True
During surgical operation for an aortic arch dissection, the SSEP's from the decrease
extremities stay solid, EEG shows no alternate however there may be a sluggish lack of the
SSEP and Tc-MEP from the left arm. What is the most probable etiology?
A. Left side spinal cord injury
b. Right cortical harm
c. Right brainstem damage
d. Occlusion of the left subclavian artery - ANS-d. Occlusion of the left subclavian artery
ECoG is generally recorded the usage of:
a. Gold plated silver cup electrodes
b. Subdermal needle electrodes
c. Saline-soaked electrodes located on the cortical surface, commonly embedded in skinny
silastic sheets called grids and strips
d. Adhesive electrodes - ANS-c. Saline-soaked electrodes placed on the cortical surface,
commonly embedded in thin silastic sheets called grids and strips
Electrical stimulation of the cortex immediately in ECoG ends in a nice or negative function
phenomenon.
