Biology 109 SCC Taylor Exam 4
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Population - ✔✔A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the
same. (The fundamental unit on which evolution operates)
Community - ✔✔A set of populations inhabiting a certain area
Species - ✔✔A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of
exchanging genes or interbreeding.(the most specific category of classification)
Gene Pool - ✔✔The sum of all the alleles in a population
Hardy-Weinberg Theorem - ✔✔Helps measure changes in allele frequencies over time
. Provides an "ideal" population to use as a basis of comparison.
Open Population - ✔✔Is freely exposed to gene flow, as opposed to a closed one in
which there is a barrier to gene flow.
Closed Population - ✔✔A population in which neither immigration nor emigration
occurs. (barrier in gene flow)
Mutation - ✔✔A perminant change in the DNA sequence.
Random Mating - ✔✔A population that is randomly mating will not make choices in
mates that have any advantage in behavior, appearance, or social aspects.
Non-Random mating - ✔✔Occurs when the probability that two individuals in a
population will mate is not the same for all possible pairs of individuals.
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, Natural Selection - ✔✔The pressures the environment puts on a population.
Microevolution - ✔✔Evolutionary change over a small time period.
Genetic Drift - ✔✔A change in the allele frequency of a population as a result of chance
events rather than natural selection.
Bottleneck Effect - ✔✔When a population is subjected to an event(like a natural
disaster) and the survivors do not necessarily represent the greatest genetic
diversity.(Basically its luck who survives not on who's the fittest.)
Founder Effect - ✔✔When a portion of the population moves elsewhere and does not
necessarily represent the greatest genetic diversity.
Gene Flow - ✔✔The flow of alleles in and out of a population due to the migration of
individuals.
Camouflage - ✔✔The ability to blend into the surroundings, to disappear into the
background.
Cryptic Coloration - ✔✔Matching objects in the environment such as rocks, sticks, or
leaves.
Distortive Coloration - ✔✔Coloration to confuse predators, by making it difficult to tell
which way the animal is facing, or how many are in a group.(Zebras)
Warning Coloration - ✔✔Coloration that is either brightly colored or coloration that
contrasts, like black and white.
Countershading - ✔✔Having a different color on your belly than you do on your back,
giving you camouflage from above and below(like penguins).
Mimicry - ✔✔Copying the behavior or coloration of another organism.
© EMILY CHARLENE YEAR 2025-2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Population - ✔✔A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the
same. (The fundamental unit on which evolution operates)
Community - ✔✔A set of populations inhabiting a certain area
Species - ✔✔A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of
exchanging genes or interbreeding.(the most specific category of classification)
Gene Pool - ✔✔The sum of all the alleles in a population
Hardy-Weinberg Theorem - ✔✔Helps measure changes in allele frequencies over time
. Provides an "ideal" population to use as a basis of comparison.
Open Population - ✔✔Is freely exposed to gene flow, as opposed to a closed one in
which there is a barrier to gene flow.
Closed Population - ✔✔A population in which neither immigration nor emigration
occurs. (barrier in gene flow)
Mutation - ✔✔A perminant change in the DNA sequence.
Random Mating - ✔✔A population that is randomly mating will not make choices in
mates that have any advantage in behavior, appearance, or social aspects.
Non-Random mating - ✔✔Occurs when the probability that two individuals in a
population will mate is not the same for all possible pairs of individuals.
© EMILY CHARLENE YEAR 2025-2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Natural Selection - ✔✔The pressures the environment puts on a population.
Microevolution - ✔✔Evolutionary change over a small time period.
Genetic Drift - ✔✔A change in the allele frequency of a population as a result of chance
events rather than natural selection.
Bottleneck Effect - ✔✔When a population is subjected to an event(like a natural
disaster) and the survivors do not necessarily represent the greatest genetic
diversity.(Basically its luck who survives not on who's the fittest.)
Founder Effect - ✔✔When a portion of the population moves elsewhere and does not
necessarily represent the greatest genetic diversity.
Gene Flow - ✔✔The flow of alleles in and out of a population due to the migration of
individuals.
Camouflage - ✔✔The ability to blend into the surroundings, to disappear into the
background.
Cryptic Coloration - ✔✔Matching objects in the environment such as rocks, sticks, or
leaves.
Distortive Coloration - ✔✔Coloration to confuse predators, by making it difficult to tell
which way the animal is facing, or how many are in a group.(Zebras)
Warning Coloration - ✔✔Coloration that is either brightly colored or coloration that
contrasts, like black and white.
Countershading - ✔✔Having a different color on your belly than you do on your back,
giving you camouflage from above and below(like penguins).
Mimicry - ✔✔Copying the behavior or coloration of another organism.
© EMILY CHARLENE YEAR 2025-2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
