,
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
mt mt mt mt mt mt
MULTIPLE CHOICE
mt
1. Viruses are: mt
a. infectious agents that infect multi-cellular organisms mt mt mt mt mt
b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolism of a cell to generate more virusparticl
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t
es
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media mt mt mt mt mt mt
d. cellular particles that belong to the archaea domain mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
e. microbes that consist of lipid membrane enclosed genomes mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: B mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A | I.B
m t mt mt
MSC: Rememberingm t
2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals: mt mt mt mt
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eukaryotes
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a common ancestral cell mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
c. that bacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but not with eukarya
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus mt mt mt mt mt
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzae has about 2 billion base pairs
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: B mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A | I.B
m t mt mt
MSC: Rememberingm t
3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentous fungi mt
c. archaea
ANS: A mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A.i m t
MSC: Rememberingm t
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
mt mt mt mt mt
a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
c. a single-cellular prokaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: E mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
m t mt mt
MSC: Rememberingm t
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cells is NOT true?
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and respond to
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
environmental change. mt
, b. Most single-celled organisms require a microscope to render them visible, but some
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
c. Microbes function as individual entities. mt mt mt mt
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
mt mt mt mt mt
e. Viruses are not considered as microbial cells.
mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: C m DIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
m t mt mt
MSC: Remembering
m t
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. A genome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
b. If a microbe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fixnitrogen.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt m
t
c. By comparing DNA sequences of different organisms, we can figure out how closely
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
related they are. mt mt
d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencing method.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: E m DIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.B m t
MSC: Remembering
m t
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B m DIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.B.i m t
MSC: Remembering
m t
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. ferrous iron d. oxygen
mt
b. methane e. hydrogen gas mt
c. ammonia
ANS: D m t DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
mt mt mt m
t m t II.D
MSC: Remembering m t
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D m t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
mt mt mt m
t m t II.D
MSC: Remembering m t
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists mt
c. viruses
ANS: A m t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
mt mt mt m
t m t II.D
MSC: Remembering m t
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. DNA d. amino acids mt
b. RNA e. carbohydrates
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
mt mt mt mt mt mt
MULTIPLE CHOICE
mt
1. Viruses are: mt
a. infectious agents that infect multi-cellular organisms mt mt mt mt mt
b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolism of a cell to generate more virusparticl
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt m
t
es
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media mt mt mt mt mt mt
d. cellular particles that belong to the archaea domain mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
e. microbes that consist of lipid membrane enclosed genomes mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: B mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A | I.B
m t mt mt
MSC: Rememberingm t
2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals: mt mt mt mt
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eukaryotes
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a common ancestral cell mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
c. that bacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but not with eukarya
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus mt mt mt mt mt
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzae has about 2 billion base pairs
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: B mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A | I.B
m t mt mt
MSC: Rememberingm t
3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentous fungi mt
c. archaea
ANS: A mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A.i m t
MSC: Rememberingm t
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
mt mt mt mt mt
a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
c. a single-cellular prokaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: E mDIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
m t mt mt
MSC: Rememberingm t
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cells is NOT true?
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and respond to
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
environmental change. mt
, b. Most single-celled organisms require a microscope to render them visible, but some
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
c. Microbes function as individual entities. mt mt mt mt
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
mt mt mt mt mt
e. Viruses are not considered as microbial cells.
mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: C m DIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
m t mt mt
MSC: Remembering
m t
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. A genome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
b. If a microbe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fixnitrogen.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt m
t
c. By comparing DNA sequences of different organisms, we can figure out how closely
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
related they are. mt mt
d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencing method.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
ANS: E m DIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.B m t
MSC: Remembering
m t
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B m DIF: t Easy REF: 1.1 mtmtmt TOP: I.B.i m t
MSC: Remembering
m t
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. ferrous iron d. oxygen
mt
b. methane e. hydrogen gas mt
c. ammonia
ANS: D m t DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
mt mt mt m
t m t II.D
MSC: Remembering m t
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D m t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
mt mt mt m
t m t II.D
MSC: Remembering m t
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists mt
c. viruses
ANS: A m t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
mt mt mt m
t m t II.D
MSC: Remembering m t
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
mt mt mt mt mt mt
a. DNA d. amino acids mt
b. RNA e. carbohydrates
