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Exam (elaborations)

Solution Manual For Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition By Charles H. Gibson, Verified Chapter's 1 to 13 | Complete

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Solution Manual For Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition By Charles H. Gibson, Verified Chapter's 1 to 13 | Complete

Institution
Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition
Course
Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition











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Institution
Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition
Course
Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition

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Uploaded on
March 24, 2025
Number of pages
420
Written in
2024/2025
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Solution Manual for Financial Statement Analysis,
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13th Edition by Charles H. Gibson,
dd dd dd dd dd dd




Verified Chapter's 1 - 13 | Complete
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, Chapter 1 Introduction dd d d



dd to Financial Reporting
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QUESTIONS

1- 1. a. The AICPA is an organization of CPAs that prior to 1973 accepted the
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primary responsibility for the development of generally accepted accounting
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principles. Their role was substantially reduced in 1973 when the Financial
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Accounting Standards Board was established. Their role was further reduced
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with the establishment of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board was
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established in 2002.
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b. The Financial Accounting Standards Board replaced the Accounting
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Principles Board as the primary rule-making body for accounting
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standards. It is an independent organization and includes members other
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than public accountants.
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c. The SEC has the authority to determine generally accepted accounting
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principles and to regulate the accounting profession. The SEC has elected to
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leave much of the determination of generally accepted accounting principles
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to the private sector. The Financial Accounting Standards Board has played
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the major role in establishing accounting standards since 1973. Regulation
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of the accounting profession was substantially turned over to the Public
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Company Accounting Oversight Board in 2002.
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1- 2.
dd Consistency is obtained through the application of the same accounting
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principle from period to period. A change in principle requires statement
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disclosure.
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1- 3.
dd The concept of historical cost determines the balance sheet valuation of land. The
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realization concept requires that a transaction needs to occur for the profit to be
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recognized.
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1- 4.
dd a. d d Entity e. d d Historical cost dd




b. Realization f. d d Historical cost dd




c. Materiality g. d d Disclosure

d. Conservatism

1- 5.
dd Entity conceptdd

,1- 6.
dd Generally accepted accounting principles do not apply when a firm does not
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appear to be a going concern. If the decision is made that this is not a going
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concern, then the use of GAAP would not be appropriate.
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1- 7.
dd With the time period assumption, inaccuracies of accounting for the entity, short of
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its complete life span, are accepted. The assumption is made that the entity can be
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accounted for reasonably accurately for a particular period of time. In other
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words, the decision is made to accept some inaccuracy because of incomplete
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information about the future in exchange for more timely reporting. The statements
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are considered to be meaningful because material inaccuracies are not acceptable.
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1- 8. d d d d It is true that the only accurate way to account for the success or failure of an
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dd entity is to accumulate all transactions from the opening of business until the
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dd business eventually liquidates. But it is not necessary that the statements be
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dd completely accurate in order for them to be meaningful.
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1- 9. a. A year that ends when operations are at a low ebb for the year.
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b. The accounting time period is ended on December 31.
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c. A twelve-month accounting period that ends at the end of a month other than
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December 31.
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1-10. Money.

1-11. d d d d When money does not hold a stable value, the financial statements can lose much
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dd of their significance. To the extent that money does not remain stable, it loses
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dd usefulness as the standard for measuring financial transactions.
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1-12. No. There is a problem with determining the index in order to adjust the
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statements. The items that are included in the index must be representative. In
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addition, the prices of items change because of various factors, such as quality,
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technology, and inflation.
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Yes. A reasonable adjustment to the statements can be made for inflation.
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1-13. False. An arbitrary write-off of inventory cannot be justified under the
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conservatism concept. The conservatism concept can only be applied where there
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are alternative measurements and each of these alternative measurements has
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reasonable support.
dd dd




1-14. Yes, inventory that has a market value below the historical cost should be written
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down in order to recognize a loss. This is done based upon the concept of
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conservatism. Losses that can be reasonably anticipated should be taken in
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order to reflect the least favorable effect on net income of the current period.
dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd

, 1-15. End of production
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The realization of revenue at the completion of the production process is acceptable
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when the price of the item is known and there is a ready market.
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Receipt of cash dd dd




This method should only be used when the prospects of collection are especially
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doubtful at the time of sale.
dd dd dd dd dd dd




During production dd




This method is allowed for long-term construction projects because recognizing
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revenue on long-term construction projects as work progresses tends to give a
dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd



fairer picture of the results for a given period in comparison with having the
dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd



entire revenue realized in one period of time.
dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd




1-16. It is difficult to apply the matching concept when there is no direct connection
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between the cost and revenue. Under these circumstances, accountants often
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charge off the cost in the period incurred in order to be conservative.
dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd




1-17. If the entity can justify the use of an alternative accounting method on the basis
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that it is rational, then the change can be made.
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1-18. The accounting reports must disclose all facts that may influence the judgment of an
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informed reader. Usually this is a judgment decision for the accountant to make.
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Because of the complexity of many businesses and the increased expectations of
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the public, the full disclosure concept has become one of the most difficult concepts
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for the accountant to apply.
dd dd dd dd dd




1-19. There is a preference for the use of objectivity in the preparation of financial
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statements, but financial statements cannot be completely prepared based upon
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objective data; estimates must be made in many situations.
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1-20. This is a true statement. The concept of materiality allows the accountant to
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handle immaterial items in the most economical and expedient manner possible.
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1-21. Some industry practices lead to accounting reports that do not conform to generally
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accepted accounting principles. These reports are considered to be acceptable, but
dd dd dd d d dd dd dd dd dd dd dd



the accounting profession is making an effort to eliminate particular industry
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practices that do not conform to the normal generally accepted accounting
dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd



principles.
dd




1-22. Events that fall outside of the financial transactions of the entity are not
dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd



recorded. An example would be the loss of a major customer.
dd d d dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd dd

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