NAVTA STUDY GUIDE Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+

NAVTA STUDY GUIDE Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+ Dr. Smith visits a farm to perform vaccines and routine procedures on a horse. Which restraint equipment should be used? - Answer: halter and lead Which item is not a required part of the VA uniform? - Answer: jewelry what is the system of moral principles that determine appropriate behavior and actions within a specific group? - Answer: ethics A Chihuahua needs a nail trim. Which type of appointment is most appropriate? - Answer: technician/assistant When scheduling an appointment for a brand new client, which is the most important piece of information you should get before hanging up the phone? - Answer: owners phone number By Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines, where should information on all chemicals used in the clinic be quickly referenced? - Answer: Safety data sheets At what weight is a second person needed to help lift a dog? - Answer: 40-60 lbs What two things are refrigerators used for in a clinic? - Answer: biologics and employee food True or false: In an appropriate isolation protocol, PPE and medical mask should be discarded in a separate hands free bio waste container near patient. - Answer: True A technician is caring for a dog with leptospirosis, a bacterial disease that survive in the urine and is harmful to people. The dogs urine needs to be discarded. What protocol should be followed? - Answer: Double bag and discard in biohazard An evacuation drill is performed in the clinic. Following protocol, after leaving through the nearest exit what is the next step? - Answer: Meet at the designated meeting point for a head count The _____ is involved in the removal of medical waste to ensure safety of the environment - Answer: EPA A patient is presented for nystagmus, ataxia, and a head tilt. What body system is most likely being affected? - Answer: nervous system What animal cannot normally regurgitate or vomit? - Answer: horse What is the term for a body's allergic reaction, possibly to a drug or medication? - Answer: anaphylaxis What should be applied prior to bathing to protect a patients eyes? - Answer: artificial tears which clipper blaze size will leave the hair the shortest? - Answer: 40 According to state and federal laws, veterinary assistants invovled in patient care are required to be supervised by whom? - Answer: veterinarian and/or technician which describes how to perform a nail trim on a dog with black nails? - Answer: trim small sections at a time where is the plantar region located? - Answer: bottom of the rear feet feline injection site sarcomas are primarily associated with which two vaccines? - Answer: FeLV and rabies vaccines A 7 week old Labrador is coming to the clinic because of vomiting and diarrhea. Upon arrival where should the dog wait for its appointment? - Answer: exam room The veterinary assistant observes a new co-worker preparing to take a dog out of a kennel. He knows the dog is often aggressive. What is the most appropriate response? - Answer: stop co worker and inform If the veterinarian is not physically present to provide treatments, which team member can work under indirect supervision to provide medical treatments? - Answer: veterinary technician what is the name of the movement of a muscle that is under control of the animal? - Answer: voluntary If $677.79 is the total due for a dental procedure and a $300 cash deposit was left when the patient was admitted, what is the remaining amount to be collected? - Answer: $377.79 a patient has just had a seizure and is in the post-ictal phase. What are you likely to see? - Answer: ataxia when is it appropriate to use cell phones during work hours? - Answer: depends on hospital policy when restraining an irritated cat for jugular venipuncture, what technique is most effective? - Answer: tuck hind legs under elbow, front feet in one hand, head in the other which dog breed is classified as brachycephalic: great dane, golden retriever, english bulldog, greyhound - Answer: english bulldog the technician is performing a toenail trim on a 3 month old male puppy. He trims the nails back taking a small amount at a time to ensure that he is not cutting into the quick. What is housed in the quick? - Answer: nerves and blood supply Max the GSD is at the clinic today for vaccinations. Upon entering the exam room the vet notices that Max has his ears back and is baring his teeth. What behavior is Max exhibiting? - Answer: aggression Malassezia is commonly found in canines with otitis externa. What type of microorganism is this? - Answer: fungus Sampson is a 10 year old miniature dachshund presenting to the emergency hospital for respiratory distress. When taking Sampson's vitals his mm are discovered to be a bluish-gray color. What is most likely the cause of bluish-gray mm? - Answer: oxygenation issues In dog and cat species, where are the anal glands located? - Answer: 4 and 8 oclock What does OSHA stand for? - Answer: Occupational Safety and Health Administration The purpose of the circulatory system is to distribute blood through the body, oxygenate the blood, and return the blood back to the heart. What vessels return blood to the heart? - Answer: veins People can get rabies from the saliva of infected animals, which means rabies is a _____ disease - Answer: zoonotic The VA takes a message from Mrs. Jones, along with her contact information, who wants to know the results of Missy's lab work. Who should receive this message? - Answer: Veterinarian The VA helps with an outpatient vaccine appointment for a 10 week old bulldog puppy and thinks the puppy is adorable. Would posting a selfie with the puppy on personal social media be acceptable? - Answer: No What is this restraint tool? - Answer: basket muzzle There is a label on a bottle of isopropyl alcohol. Based on the current OSHA hazardous labeling requirements, what are the dangers associated with its use? - Answer: flammable There is a label on a bottle of isopropyl alcohol. Based on the current OSHA hazardous labeling requirements, what are the dangers associated with its use? - Answer: irritant A new patient presents for a dental cleaning. Proof of rabies vaccine is required, which the owner does not have. What protocol should be followed? - Answer: Contact previous clinic and request proof Which organ is known as the "voice box" and is loaded in the upper respiratory system? - Answer: larynx The tone of voice is the second most important part of communication. When speaking with a client, what tone of voice should be used? - Answer: even pitch and empathetic What is wrong with this foal? - Answer: icterus Diagnosis, prognosis, surgery and prescribing are all tasks that can only be performed by what team member? - Answer: veterinarian A co-worker is observed aggressively pulling on a dog with a slip leash until its front legs are up off the ground and the dog flips over backward. What action should be taken? - Answer: Report event to supervisor or DVM Which type of diet is inappropriate for a diabetic patient? - Answer: high carb Which disease commonly affects puppies and is characterized by lethargy, inappetance, vomiting, and hemorrhagic diarrhea? - Answer: parvovirus What must you always have control of when restraining a patient? - Answer: head and body Which describes why it is important for veterinary assistants to understand each position and task in the flow of the practice? - Answer: allows assistants to anticipate material preparation and work to be done Which WBCs produce antibodies? - Answer: lymphocytes The VA is setting up a urinalysis when the fire alarm goes off. What should she do? - Answer: stop and head to nearest exit A cat needs to be restrained to check vital signs. Less-is-more restraint has been tried, but more restraint is needed. What is the term for the base of the neck where the skin is elastic and easy to grab for increased restraint application? - Answer: scruff the integumentary system is composed of which organs and/or structures? - Answer: hair, skin, nails When caring for a puppy with parvovirus infection, the stethoscope and thermometer should be managed in what manner? - Answer: They should be left in isolation with the patient and disinfected with appropriate cleaner after each use Which is the best way to prevent water and soap rom entering an animals ear canal during a bath? - Answer: place a small amount of cotton in each ear Which is NOT used to stop the bleeding of a quick? - Answer: hydrogen peroxide What is an incorrect way to pick up a cat? - Answer: hold front legs and let back legs hang free Which is an example of psychological restraint? - Answer: tapping head with a pen What is the primary concern when restraining a rabbit? - Answer: if rear legs aren't held properly it can break its back kicking Which describes how a towel may be used best as a restraint tool? - Answer: wrap up an angry cat when applying a gauze muzzle to an aggressive dog, which is an important consideration prior to its application? - Answer: length of the gauze When presenting an estimate to an owner in an exam room, which type of language is appropriate? - Answer: medical and laymans terms When is it appropriate to take photos of patients for hospital use? - Answer: depends on hospital policy Mr Williams as arrived for his dog Sam's vaccination appointment. While walking to the exam room, Mr. Williams asks why the client who just left was crying. How should Mr. Williams' assistant answer the question? - Answer: apologize and say other patients cannot be discussed with those not involved The clinic was recently remodeled. It has an automated external defibrillator (AED) and 5 fire extinguishers, and evacuation and safety diagrams were updated due to the remodel. How should this information be disseminated to the employees? - Answer: Designate location of AED and extinguishers on a diagram and conduct safety drills Maddy, a new feline patient, has an appointment for vaccines. Her owner does not remember which vaccines she has had. What information is needed before the assistant can call the previous veterinary clinic to request vaccination records? - Answer: patient and owner name Which is the best way to handle a difficult client that is angry about their bill? - Answer: Listen to their complaint, sympathize with their situation and communicate the details of their bill the human-animal bond is a unique and complex relationship between people and their pets. What must a VA do regarding the human-animal bond? - Answer: understand, respect, encourage Mr. Bennett took the cat she adopted from a high-density shelter to the clinic because of sneezing. Why is it important to isolate this patient from other patients? - Answer: the cat may have contagious upper respiratory infection When mopping the floor, which precaution is applied to ensure safety for those in the work area? - Answer: Place a wet floor sign at each end 30 5 pound bags of dog food need to be moved. What is the best technique for moving the dog food? - Answer: place on wheeled dolly According to the CDC, in the general healthcare setting, what is the most important factor in hand washing and sanitizing to prevent patient or self exposure to contamination? - Answer: Prompt timeliness before and after at-risk contact What information should be included on an OSHA container label? - Answer: Flammability After handling an infectious patient, which course of action is most appropriate? - Answer: remove gloves, wash hands, dry, apply new gloves, new patient Abnormal findings on the skin must be documented in the medical record. In which body system would this abnormality be documented? - Answer: integumentary system What principal artery carries oxygenated blood to other smaller blood vessels? - Answer: aorta Jane is a veterinary assistant. At dinner she told her friend about her favorite patient Rex Jones that came into the clinic for vomiting, and she shared the treatment that was performed. Jane is in violation of which ethical practice? - Answer: confidentiality Which animal is most vulnerable to severe spinal cord damage when handled improperly? - Answer: rabbit A veterinary assistant removes and discards full PPE of gloves, gown, and face shield. What is the reason for shedding the gown over the gloves until all items are inside out? - Answer: To push the highest contact value of contamination into a grouping away from the body The clinic has been treating "Hank", a Heeler mix, for eating garbage. The owner's mother, whose name is not on the medical record, calls to find out what is going on with the dog. What information is she given? - Answer: Medical information can only be given to the owner Which scenario would be considered an unethical treatment of a hospitalized animal? - Answer: Not providing fresh water and food as ordered Every interaction should show respect for the other person. Which action does NOT show respect? - Answer: Using closed gestures A bottle of diff-Quick stain has spilled on the counter of the hospital lab. After putting on PPE, what is the reasonable approach to managing the spill? - Answer: Use chemical absorbent pads to soak up the liquid The veterinary assistant does not know the answer to a client's emailed question. What is the most appropriate course of action? - Answer: Print the email, consult with the veterinarian, and respond with the information in a timely manner The veterinary assistant forgot to give medication to a hospitalized patient. It is 4 hours later than the scheduled time. What should the assistant do? - Answer: Explain to the veterinary technician or the veterinarian what happened and seek their advice Rocky, a 6 month old boxer, was neutered today at the hospital. His procedure is complete and his owner needs to be contacted with an update. Which method of communication is most appropriate when contacting an owner to provide an update? - Answer: phone The receptionist in the clinic has verbalized a religious belief of not being able to view a particular species of reptile. Since the afternoon appointment is for this species, what can be done to accommodate both the receptionist and the client? - Answer: Have another employee serve the client with the reptile Which type of gloves are NOT recommended for working with chemicals that are used in the veterinary facility? - Answer: vinyl What is the term used to describe the inability to breathe? - Answer: apnea What is the name of the ruminant stomach compartment that breaks down roughages by using bacteria and protozoa? - Answer: rumen Which body system keeps infectious microorganisms out of the body? - Answer: immune A dog with a cough is immediately placed into an exam room for evaluation. What is the reason this dog was placed into a room before other patients? - Answer: The exam room will help prevent exposure to other animals A client has a 4-H chicken that is treated as a family member with a wound that needs antibiotic therapy. What item required on the drug label may need to be explained to prevent the client from becoming upset because of the human-animal bond with the bird? - Answer: Drug withdrawal time for meat and egg use According to the Arizona State Statutes for Ethical Practices, who is the only person that can make recommendations for a pet's care? - Answer: veterinarian What does MSDS stand for? - Answer: Material Safety Data Sheets Which is the most appropriate type of restraint device for cows? - Answer: cattle chute Which bandage material would be considered the primary layer? - Answer: Telfa pad Although everyone is considered to be a member of the veterinary healthcare team, who is legally responsible for the safety and well-being of patients and staff? - Answer: hospital owner Which characteristic is NOT true about a virus? - Answer: Treated with antibiotics Which is the most commonly used device to prevent self mutilation and tearing of a bandage? - Answer: Elizabethan collar The veterinary assistant is expected to determine and record required criteria during the patient's visit to the clinic such as temperature, respiration, mucous membrane color, and weight. What else would the veterinary assistant notate? - Answer: Pulse, capillary refill time, body condition score A patient presents to the animal hospital and is observed walking in circles, often tripping, and lacking balance. What sign is the patient exhibiting? - Answer: ataxia The sensory system is responsible for processing smell, taste, touch, hearing and site. What part of the sensory system reacts to the physical stimulus in the environment? - Answer: receptors What feline disease should a patient have negative results before a vaccine is administered? - Answer: FLV What is the name of the hormone that promotes reabsorption of water from collecting in the kidneys? - Answer: antidieuretic What is another name for jaundice? - Answer: icterus The job description for what team member includes being responsible for hospital cleanliness, stocking of supplies, and assisting with patient care if requested by the veterinary technician? - Answer: Kennel assistant What does VCPR stand for? - Answer: Veterinary-client-patient relationship To what anatomical location is a rabies vaccine administered in a feline? - Answer: right rear leg Professional appearance is imperative to how a hospital is perceived by a client. Veterinary assistants must consider professional grooming when working in a veterinary hospital. Which must be considered? - Answer: the highly physical nature of veterinary medicine, the potential for disease transmission, and patient and personal safety Which clipper blade is best for clipping a long haired patient for grooming? - Answer: #10 What body system uses antibodies to fight against specific antigens? - Answer: immune While getting a history on a cat the assistant noticed open-mouthed breathing. What is the appropriate action to take? - Answer: Tell the owner the cat is being taken to the treatment area and notify the veterinarian Focusing on customer service is imperative to all positions. In veterinary medicine, which is the customer? - Answer: the client If the veterinarian is not physically present to provide treatments, they can be provided under which kind of supervision? - Answer: indirect When reconstituting the freeze dried, powder portion of a vaccine it is important to: - Answer: Use only the amount of the diluent provided by the manufacturer to reconstitute to powder While the inventory manager is out, a box arrives with vaccines on cold packs. What should be done to manage this shipment? - Answer: Place the vaccines in the medication refrigerator as specified, and tag with a note of the arrival date and time, place the packaging slip in the inventory manager's area Which microorganism is characterized by being one-celled, comparatively larger, and treated with antibiotics? - Answer: bacteria The assistant is helping the technician with hospitalized patients. After taking Patient A out for a walk, where is the information documented? - Answer: progress note A client visits the clinic to inquire about protein percentage requirements for cats. What is the acceptable percentage? - Answer: 45% Which are two core canine vaccines? - Answer: DHPP, Rabies Mr. Howard brought his German Shepherd Spike into the clinic for three vaccines: DA2PP for $32, Bordetella for $19, and Rabies for $26. He also added a heartworm test for $48 and a toenail trim for $21. The exam cost was $50. What is Mr. Howard's total bill? - Answer: $196 What structure is used for filtering waste from the blood, balancing fluids, and forming urine? - Answer: kidney After setting up a fecal float, it is knocked over and spills on the counter and down the cabinet. How should this be cleaned? - Answer: PPE donned, absorbent material to pick up liquids, detergent applied with disposable wipe What is a nosocomial infection? - Answer: An infection acquired in the hospital What is the name of the chemical that travels from a gland to deliver a message to the target tissue? - Answer: hormones What is the name of the organ that produces male gametes? - Answer: testes Which can be used to assist the veterinary team in determining proper growth and condition of a dog or cat? - Answer: body condition score The nervous system is composed of which structures? - Answer: neurons, spinal cord, brain A three-year old intact male Lhasa Apso presents with the problem shown below bilaterally. What test would you do to confirm a diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes)? - Answer: Schirmer tear test How long are vaccines good for once reconstituted? - Answer: 1 hour The veterinarian asks the assistant to feed a hospitalized patient 1 cup of dry, bland food. After placing the food in the kennel the patient quickly ate it all. What should be noted in the medical chart? - Answer: Amount fed, amount consumed, time given What characteristics are referred to as TPR? - Answer: Temperature, pulse, respiration Which correctly explains triage of emergency patients? - Answer: Sorting of patients into groups depending on their need for immediate intervention Which animal is particularly vulnerable to vitamin C deficiency (scurvy)? - Answer: guinea pig Max Martin is hospitalized for renal insufficiency. At 3pm his attitude needs to be recorded on his treatment sheet. Max is lying in right lateral recumbency. He responds to sound by moving his eyes, but he does not move his head. How would Max's mentation be recorded? - Answer: lateral What is an enterotomy? - Answer: Incision into the intestine Who owns the physical medical record? - Answer: Veterinary hospital Patients who are deceased are often cremated. Where should the patient's remains be stored until they are picked up by the cremation service? - Answer: Designated cold storage Mrs. Jones explains that Fluffy has been throwing up for the last several days even though she has not given Fluffy any food. What is the chief complaint? - Answer: Vomiting What must be written at the end of every entry in the patient's medical record? - Answer: Author's initials What does HBC mean? - Answer: Hit by car The hospital calls the veterinary office to request medical records for Timmy Smith. What information is needed to verify the patient request? - Answer: Owner first and last name, patient name, signalment Sasha is a 6 year old Cocker Spaniel who is being treated for an ear infection. The doctor is explaining how to medicate Sasha's ears to her owner. What is NOT an important factor for the owner to remember? - Answer: Sasha may rub her ears on the couch Which is/are a factor in influencing patient feeding and appetite in a hospital setting? - Answer: additional nutritional requirements due to illness, effect of illness on appetite, age of patient According to the Arizona State Veterinary Medical Examining Board, how many years should medical records remain on the premises? - Answer: 3 The hospital uses electronic health records. Which client communications are recorded in the electronic health record? - Answer: Every client communication is recorded Which term means "toward the nose"? - Answer: Rostral Which is the definition of leukopenia? - Answer: A decrease in white blood cells Which describes inflammation of a testicle? - Answer: orchitis Which are two easy methods to increase palatability of food for hospitalized patients? - Answer: Heat and water Mrs. Smith is here today to euthanize her cat Felix. She has elected to cremate Felix but she does not want the ashes back. Which term refers to a pet's remains being cremated with other pets? - Answer: communal The next appointment is a dog with conjunctivitis. What is the health problem? - Answer: Inflammation of the eyes 18 A 12 week old Multipoo is presenting to the hospital for the first time for an outpatient vaccine appointment. Which form is not needed? - Answer: drop off In hospitalized patients the vital signs are taken and recorded as part of the observation by the veterinary assistant. What other data is to be observed and recorded for hospitalized patients? - Answer: urination and defecation, patient attitude, appetite Which finding would NOT be recorded in the patient history portion of the medical record? - Answer: Body condition score Cats smell their food more than they taste it. What will help when feeding cats with nasal congestion? - Answer: Heating the food A 9 week old puppy just received his DHPP. When will the next booster be due? - Answer: 3 weeks Who can catheter placement be performed by? - Answer: The veterinarian or technician only The veterinarian or technician only - Answer: veterinarian What does right lateral recumbency mean? - Answer: Animal lying on its right side If a dog has a neurologic problem and she is adducting her front legs, what is she doing with them? - Answer: Moving legs inward, towards the midline Which is true when determining the gender of a small animal? - Answer: The anogenital distance in the female is decreased Nosocomial infections are - Answer: highly contagious, often highly resistant to antibiotics, and acquired by a patient during hospitalization Veterinary medicine includes - Answer: medicine, business, customer service What portion of the brain is responsible for producing certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system? - Answer: Hypothalamus Spot is 2 hours post-op after a neuter procedure. The veterinarian asked the assistant to take Spot outside to relieve himself. Upon their return, what should be documented in the medical chart? - Answer: BM, urination, attitude A cat has been hospitalized for chemotherapy treatment. Which container should the urine and fecal matter be disposed into? - Answer: yellow biohazard container "Emesis" is the medical term for what condition? - Answer: Vomiting Which part is the most distal? - Answer: phalanges A basset hound with galloping halitosis has been prescribed medicated mint chews PRN for bad breath. How often does the dog get treated? - Answer: as needed Which male reproductive structure is responsible for the storage of sperm? - Answer: epididymis Why should an animal be fed slowly when force feeding is recommended by the veterinarian? - Answer: Aspiration A four-year-old Bichon has come into the hospital for a recheck exam after being treated for a Staphylococcal skin infection. On the medical record the doctor noted that the current problem, a skin fold yeast infection, is iatrogenic. What is an iatrogenic problem? - Answer: Condition caused by the diagnostics or therapy Observing a patient includes which senses? - Answer: auditory, olfactory, visual What does the suffix "-stomy" mean? - Answer: to make a surgical incision An out of state emergency clinic requests medical records for a patient that is currently in critical condition at the hospital. How soon do records need to be sent? - Answer: within the hour According to the Arizona Veterinary Medical Examining Board, how many days does a general practice veterinary facility have to provide copies of medical records? - Answer: 3 What method is not used to encourage a patient to swallow a tablet or capsule? - Answer: Putting dry kibble into the patient's mouth What form in the medical record is the owner required to provide the animal's signalment? - Answer: Registration form Which statement is false for over-the counter drugs? a- They can be purchased by anyone b- They are found at local drug stores c- They must be prescribed by a doctor d- They are non-prescription drugs - Answer: They must be prescribed by a doctor Which statement is not true about euthanasia? a- The owner has the option to be with the pet during euthanasia b- The owner has the option to get the ashes back after the pet's body has been cremated c- Euthanasia is the process of putting an animal to sleep using humane methods d- Euthanasia can be performed prior to consent being signed - Answer: d- Euthanasia can be performed prior to consent being signed Which type of drug would a veterinarian prescribe for an ear infection? - Answer: Otic A veterinary clinic uses the SOAP format for progress notes. The presenting complaint is written as "Patient presents for V x 2d. No Hx of foreign body ingestion." Under which category would the information be written? - Answer: Subjective Which statement is false regarding expiration dates on medications? a- Expired medication may be returned to the manufacturer b- Expired medication can always be used c- Expired medication may be ineffective d- Expired medication may make the animal ill - Answer: b- Expired medication can always be used Dr Smith needs assistance in administering 100mls of SC fluids to Buddy. What restraint is preferred to complete the procedure? - Answer: standing restraint What is the most common route for vaccine administration in dogs and cats? - Answer: SQ Merlin, a 9 year old Schnauzer, has been coughing. Merlin has not been to the clinic for a year and a half. The owner calls to have medication prescribed, but does not want an appointment. What guideline determines the doctor's decision to decline medication without an appointment? - Answer: Veterinary-client-patient relationship Feline injection site sarcomas are primarily associated with which two vaccines? - Answer: FeLV and rabies vaccines How long are vaccines good for once reconstituted? - Answer: 1 hour Dr Smith has asked that subcutaneous fluids be administered to Snickers. Dr Smith wants LRS 500mls. If the bag is at 900mls when administered, what should the bag read when finished? - Answer: 400mls Dr Smith is hospitalizing Garfield for IV fluids and antibiotics to be administered every 8 hours with the 1st dose given at 12PM. What are the times of the next two doses? - Answer: 8pm and 4 am Which scheduled drug class has potential for severe addition (such as morphine), and refills are not allowed? - Answer: Schedule II To what anatomical location is a rabies vaccine administered in a feline? - Answer: right rear leg During the grief process, when might intervention by a professional be needed? - Answer: depression A veterinary clinic uses the SOAP format for progress notes. Temperature and heart rate of an animal are examples of which type of information? - Answer: Objective The hospital has an extensive section of in-house lab testing equipment. Which blood test cannot be run in house? - Answer: distemper titer When administering oral liquids, which condition should the assistant try to prevent? - Answer: Aspiration Which change to the blood chemistry can occur if you leave a blood sample sitting too long prior to spinning it down and separating the serum from the cells? - Answer: Glucose decreases What should be placed under a pet that is about to be euthanized in the exam room? - Answer: Blanket A client requests a refill of a patient's medication that is approved. Where in the medical record is the refill notated? - Answer: Pharmacy notes A rare Albanian hairy iguana has been prescribed "Iggy-cote" medicated shampoo q.o.d. for dandruff. - Answer: every other day When preparing a urine sediment for staining, one sample will be prepared without stain and one with stain. What is the major concern about urine sediment stains? - Answer: contaminants What organization provides the veterinarian with a controlled substance license? - Answer: DEA When administering liquid medication, where should the syringe tip be placed to encourage swallowing? - Answer: Toward the back of the mouth near the upper and lower molars When the hospital receives lab results on a patient, where should these results be recorded? - Answer: in the patient's medical record Which statement is true for medication expiration dates? - Answer: Expired medication can lead to financial loss for a veterinary practice When removing an IV catheter, the assistant placed a pressure bandage that must be monitored and removed in a timely manner. Not doing so may cause the patient's leg to swell and become painful if it is left on too long. What is a concern with regards to monitoring and removing a pressure bandage? - Answer: Not giving the owner a time for pressure bandage removal Which statement is true for controlled drugs? a- Controlled drugs do not have to be logged b- All employees should have access to controlled drugs c- Controlled drugs must legally be stored behind two locks c-Licensed veterinary technicians can prescribe controlled drugs - Answer: c- Controlled drugs must legally be stored behind two locks After removing an IV catheter, how long should a pressure bandage remain on the patient? - Answer: 15-30 minutes A cockatoo has been prescribed 10 mg of Supercillin, s.i.d. PO for 10 days. How often does the bird get medicine each day? By what route? - Answer: once a day, by mouth The doctor asked the assistant to prepare and stain a blood smear. This is typically done with Diff Quick stain. What is the proper name and order of this staining technique? - Answer: Fixative, eosinate, polychrome blue When a capsulated medication is sent home with a patient, which route of administration would be used? - Answer: PO How many cc of 5% Ultra-mycin should you give PO for 44 lb. dog, if the dose is 50 mg/kg? - Answer: 20 ml A shipment of drugs has arrived that needs to be shelved. What characteristic determines which bottle of medication is placed towards the front for ease of access? - Answer: expiration date What is one of the most common short-term side effects about which you should advise an owner when dispensing glucocorticoides like prednisone to a dog? - Answer: increased drinking and urination Which restraint position is most appropriate when asked to restrain for cephalic blood draw? - Answer: sitting What kind of tissue causes the most x-ray scatter? - Answer: thick body parts Which statement is true about the care and maintenance of film cassettes? - Answer: The screen lining should be cleaned monthly with a screen cleaner An assistant finds that the drawer and box of undeveloped x-ray film has been left open. What must happen to the box of film? - Answer: will be properly discarded as it is useless What type of drug is most commonly prescribed for arthritic pain? - Answer: anti inflammatory At what age is a person allowed to participate in exposure to radiation in the workplace? - Answer: 18 A fecal floatation has been prepared for analysis. What is the minimum amount of time the sample should sit before the results are read? - Answer: 10 minutes Which list has four correct parts of a dispensing drug label? - Answer: Medication name, number of refills, date filled, patient name Mrs. Jones is going to bring in a fecal sample for Spot's appointment on Tuesday. What is the proper way to collect and store this sample? - Answer: Collect no more than 24 hours prior to the appointment and store in refrigerator Radiographic developing chemicals are housed in dark rooms. What is another requirement of the room in which these chemicals are stored and used? - Answer: well ventilated The doctor has ordered a CBC and chemistry panel for the patient. Which two tubes should be prepared? - Answer: EDTA and serum separator Which best describes fluoroscopy? - Answer: A continuous x-ray image that evaluates anatomic structures in real time The blood sample that has been prepared for testing is a SST. After spinning it down, what is the separated liquid portion of the sample called? - Answer: serum Which method is not an example of diagnostic imaging? - Answer: cytology A lab sample has been prepared to go out to the reference lab. Where is this documented to ensure the results are received and recorded? - Answer: laboratory log When performing a survey of thoracic radiographs, which is typically the first view? - Answer: right lateral Sassy, a 13 year old FS DSH has been hospitalized for hepatic lipidosis. According to Sassy's treatment plan, she is to receive 15ml of Lactated Ringers Solution per hour. While performing treatment room duties, Sally's infusion pump begins to alarm. The infusion pump's visual display notes there is an occlusion. What would not be the cause of an occlusion? - Answer: air within the line of the infusion set Which information is not required for an x-ray log? - Answer: patient address Which can cause a condition known as cutaneous larval migrans? - Answer: hookworm What problem is often associated with gastric dilation/volvulus in dogs? - Answer: splenic torsion A responsibility of the veterinary assistant is to demonstrate the appropriate technique for brushing a pets teeth. It is not safe to brush all surfaces. Which surface should be brushed? - Answer: buccal Which team member must sign a rabies certificate following the rabies vaccination? - Answer: veterinarian A 6 month old Shih Tzu was spayed today. Which certificate is prepared for the owner as proof of the procedure? - Answer: Sterilization When discharging a patient, what does not need to be verified as completed before the veterinary assistant releases the patient? - Answer: The veterinarian has finished writing in the patients medical record A patient needs supplemental heat therapy and the veterinarian would like to use a water blanket. What type of water is used to refill the blanket? - Answer: Distilled What does the suffix "-stomy" mean? - Answer: to make a surgical incision Assistance is needed with the removal of an IV catheter. Which supplies will need to be gathered? - Answer: bandage scissors, gauze square, elastikon A veterinary assistant is filling an in-house prescription of antibiotics and notices the drug expired 2 weeks ago. What should he do? - Answer: Notify the doctor and advise the client that he can receive a written order to have the drug filled elsewhere Which surgical instrument is not used during a canine castration? a- Thumb forceps b- Hemostatic forceps c- Scalpel handle d- Spay hook - Answer: What are the two most common types of suture materials? - Answer: absorbable and non absorbable The veterinary technician requests the largest gauge suture available at the facility. Which suture should the assistant choose? a. 2-0 b. 3-0 c. 4-0 d. 5-0 - Answer: 2-0 In relation to surgical site preparation, which procedure is not correct? a. Scrub center of surgical site in a circular pattern moving outwards b. Scrub back and forth from top to bottom c. Alternate between a solution and surgical antiseptic d. End scrub procedure with a solution - Answer: b. Scrub back and forth from top to bottom In an ovariohysterectomy procedure, what is the most appropriate patient position? - Answer: dorsal recumbency When under general anesthesia, how often must a patient's vital signs be recorded in the medical record according to the Arizona State Practice Act? - Answer: 15 minutes To prevent accidental injury when cleaning used instruments, what is the first step? - Answer: properly dispose of all exposed sharps When opening the first layer of the gown for the surgeon to put on, what always needs to be maintained? - Answer: sterility What procedure would violate asepsis if completed in the surgical suite? - Answer: clipping and cleaning of the surgical suite What is the final step in preparing surgical instruments for use? - Answer: sterilization What is the first step in cleaning surgical instruments? - Answer: removing 2 all sharps Which instrument is used to cut or bite away small pieces of bone? - Answer: rongeur What fluid must be added to an autoclave when sterilizing instruments to produce steam and prevent further damage to the machine? - Answer: distilled water How often should a pressure check be performed on the anesthetic machine? - Answer: between patients and when the non-rebreathing system is changed The vet has asked you to prepare for a pyometra surgery on a seven-year-old intact female Schnauzer. What are you about to help remove from the dog? - Answer: uterus Lincoln is being admitted to the hospital for a neuter procedure. Which admission form outlines the projected cost of the procedure? - Answer: estimate When cleaning after surgery, what action is performed to remove a scalpel blade from its handle? - Answer: use a needle holder instrument at the base of the blade to lift and push A DSH is being admitted to the hospital for an OVH. In addition to signing an estimate for the procedure, which form must be completed before the procedure can be performed? a. Consent form b. Health certificate c. Discharge instructions d. Invoice - Answer: a. consent form Which commonly used anesthetic circuit is made up of a tube within a tube? - Answer: bain system You are asked to set up a non-rebreathing anesthetic circuit for the next surgery case. What kind of patient do you expect? a. Obese Labrador b. Siamese cat over 20 lbs c. Miniature poodle under 7 kg d. Asthmatic bulldog e. Greyhound with no body fat - Answer: c. Miniature poodle under 7 kg What is a laparotomy? - Answer: an incision into the abdominal cavity A surgical repair of a patent ductus arteriosus was performed via thoracotomy in a four-month-old Labrador puppy. In recovery, the puppy is found in his cage, crying and whining. His breaths are short and fast. When a technician attempts to comfort him, he tries to get away, cowers in the corner, and cries louder. What is the best explanation of this scenario? - Answer: the puppy is in pain What is a segment of the intestine invaginates into the lumen of an adjacent segment of intestine? - Answer: an intussusception When is the best time to refill the vaporizer in an anesthetic machine in a small animal hospital? - Answer: when the fewest people are in the clinic What is the removal of a mass or lump? - Answer: lumpectomy During post-surgical recovery from a routing ovariohysterectomy in a dog the patient becomes apneic. What does this mean? - Answer: patient stopped breathing he owner of a newly adopted four-month-old female intact kitten wants to know the main benefits of spaying her cat, besides preventing new litters of more kittens. What is a principle benefit of early spaying and neutering of a cat before six months of age? - Answer: decreases risk of malignant mammary gland tumors In assisting with the recovery of an anesthetized patient, after the cuff has been deflated and the endotracheal tube untied, when can a patient's endotracheal tube be safely removed? - Answer: after the patient has swallowed two to three times When referring to suture material, which size material is the finest/smallest? a. 0 b. 2-0 c. 3-0 d. 4-0 - Answer: d. 4-0 Which is the proper method when performing a surgical scrub preparation on a patient? - Answer: The surgical prep should begin at the incision site and progress outward to the perimeter Which would be considered the proper position for a patient for an ovariohysterectomy? - Answer: ventral-dorsal Upon recovery, an anesthetized patient's heart rate is dropping steadily and the patient has stopped breathing. What is the 1st thing you should do? - Answer: notify your attending veterinarian or credentialed technician You are opening the sterile surgical pack for the doctor. Which direction does the last tab you open go? - Answer: away from the patient A surgical pack has become wet once after it was put away. What should you do? - Answer: repackage and resterilize The hospital has an extensive section of in-house lab testing equipment. Which blood test cannot be run in-house? - Answer: distemper titer Mrs. Jones is going to bring in a fecal sample for Spot's appointment on Tuesday. What is the proper way to collect and store this sample? - Answer: Collect no more than 24 hours prior to the appointment and store in refrigerator Dr Smith is going to perform a post mortem exam on a feline patient. What is the proper term for this procedure? - Answer: necropsy Samantha is a 3 year old Bloodhound that presented to the hospital for neurologic issues following an incident with a skunk. Dr. Johnson is concerned Samantha may be exhibiting signs of rabies. Who can handle patients that might have rabies? - Answer: personnel who have been vaccinated for rabies Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is used to measure the function of what on a blood chemistry panel? - Answer: kidney function and hydration Which method of urine collection involves catching a urine sample midstream while walking the patient? - Answer: voided In performing a gross examination of a canine urine sample, which color is normal? - Answer: yellow Which vessel is most appropriate for collection of a large blood sample? - Answer: jugular What is the primary use of formaldehyde/formalin in veterinary practice? - Answer: tissue specimen preservative A six-month-old mixed breed dog is presented with a focal area of alopecia with comedones. A skin scraping is shown below. Which one of the following choices is the most likely diagnosis? - Answer: demodicosis Which animal normally has cloudy urine and why? - Answer: Horses; calcium carbonate crystals What color is icteric serum? - Answer: yellow A four-year-old male intact Rottweiler mix is presented for evaluation and is positive for heartworm disease by an ELISA antigen test. Where, anatomically, do adult heartworms live? - Answer: pulmonary arteries What would you expect to see in the plasma of a dog that just ate a can of dog food? - Answer: increased total protein What is another name for a thrombocyte? - Answer: platelet Hematocrit is another name for what lab measurement? - Answer: packed cell volume Which color is a gram-positive bacteria on the microscope slide? - Answer: blue What color do gram-negative bacteria appear on a gram-stained microscopic slide? - Answer: red When is the best time to perform a blood smear after collection? - Answer: immediately How is the turbidity or appearance of urine recorded? - Answer: clear, cloudy, flocculent What is the most critical problem with this radiograph of a bird? - Answer: human hand is in the image When using calipers to measure anatomy for radiographs, where is the measurement taken? - Answer: widest portion of anatomy Why is a dosimeter badge worn by veterinary personnel? - Answer: to monitor radation exposure Which information is not required on an x-ray image? - Answer: presenting complaint After finishing a radiographic study, what is the proper storage for the x-ray gown? - Answer: hang securely on the bracket with no folding or creasing All veterinary staff involved in radiation exposure in practice should limit their exposure based on which occupational health principal? - Answer: as low as reasonably achievable The cat needs radiographs and the owner wants to assist in calming the cat. Which technique will best manage this situation? - Answer: The client cannot be present, chemical restraint can be used to position the cat What are the three most important factors to remember for radiation safety? - Answer: time, distance, shielding Which contrast media is radiolucent? - Answer: air Which may cause a radiograph to come out blurry? - Answer: patient movement What does OFA stand for in regards to radiology? - Answer: orthopedic Foundation for Animals AP or anterior-posterior means what when referring to the radiograph of a leg? - Answer: image of the leg is taken from the top to the bottom What is true regarding scatter radiation when taking radiographs? - Answer: it is the primary source of radiation exposure to the restrainer What does DV or dorsal-ventral mean when referring to a radiograph of a thorax? - Answer: image of the thorax taken from back to front Which is the most important factor in promoting oral health? - Answer: preventative dental homecare What is wrong with this rabbit? - Answer: chronic calcium-phosphorus imbalance