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What is ICAO? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A specialized agency of the United
nations, it codifies the principles and techniques of international air
navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air
transport to ensure safe and orderly growth
What is WMO? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A specialized agency of the united
nations. For meteorology (weather and climate) operational hydrology and
related geophysical sciences
Who makes the upper air forecasts? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Centres (WAFC)
Who makes the aerodrome forecasts- TAFor and Briefing documents? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Meteorological offices (MO) (veðurstofan)
Who makes SIGMET and AIRMET? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Meteorological watch
offices (MWO) (veðurstofan)
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,Who makes the METAR, SPECI and MET reports? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Aeronautical meteorological stations (AMS) (veðurstofan)
Who gathers information on volcanic ash? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The Volcanic
Ash Advisory Centres (VAAC)
Who gathers information on tropical cyclones? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Tropical
cyclone advisory centres (TCAC)
What is the atmosphere? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The spheroidal gaseous
envelope surrounding a heavenly body
Below how many km does the composition of main gases not vary with
height (except for ozone)? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Below 60km
What are the constituents of the atmosphere? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Nitrogen=78%
Oxygen=21%
(main gases)
and then trace gases:
Argon=0,95%
Carbon dioxide= 0,04%
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,What are important characteristics of air? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Air is a poor
conductor and it acts as a fluid
Earths atmosphere varies vertically and horizontally in..... - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Pressure, temperature, density, humidity
The vertical variation of temperature (temperature lapse rate) provides
basis for the division of the atmosphere into distinctive layers
How is the structure of the atmosphere? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1. troposphere 0-
11km
2. stratosphere 11-50km
3. Mesosphere 50-80km
4.Ionosphere 80-700km
5. Exosphere +700km
How long up does the troposphere extend? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Up to about
11 km height (8-18 km depending on location)
How much mass does the troposphere have in the atmosphere? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔It contains about 75% of the mass in the atmosphere,
therefore almost all of the weather
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, How is the temperature in the troposphere? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔It decreases
from the surface upwards, caused by expansion of the air (1,98°C/1000' or
0,65°C/100m)
How is the troposphere at the poles, at the mid-latitudes and at the
equator? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔At the poles it is up to 8km (26000ft) and is up to
-40°C, at the mid latitudes it is up to 11 km (36000ft) and is up to -55°C and
then at the equator it is up to 16km (53000ft) and -75°C
What is the tropopause? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔It is a transition from the
troposphere to the stratosphere, it is defined as the place where the
temperature no longer reduces with increased height
How is the temperature and the height in the tropopause? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Temperature ranges from -40 (polar) to -80 (equator) but is on average
-56,5°C at 11km, height is from 8-10km over the poles and 16-18 km over
the equator
What is the definition of WMO? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The boundary between
the troposphere and the stratosphere, where an abrupt change in lapse
rate usually occurs. It is defined as the lowest level at which the lapse rate
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