FLS Written Exam Questions And Answers
Laparoscope diameters -
correct answer ✅2-10 mm
Laparoscope lengths -
correct answer ✅30-45 cm
Hopkins Rod lens system -
correct answer ✅light from source to operative field >> capture
and transmit reflected light through the scope and camera couple
>> light sensitive chip in the camera head
Decreasing ability for image capture with what factors? -
correct answer ✅increasing length, increasing angle, and
decreasing diameter (ex: 5 mm, 30 degree scope admits less light
than a 10 mm, 0 degree scope)
Laparoscopic damage susceptibility increases with which factors? -
correct answer ✅decreasing diameter, increasing length
0 degree laparocope most useful? -
correct answer ✅when structures most in line with the trocars and
in small places (deep pelvis, high mediastinum)
,FLS Written Exam Questions And Answers
30- and 45-degree laparocope -
correct answer ✅offer more flexibility/versatility than 0 degree
(but need more skills)
Troubleshooting smudge on laparoscope? -
correct answer ✅o Wipe on clean tissue (liver or bowel)
o Remove scope and clean with towel
o Clean port (newer systems may not need this as no mechanical
seal)
Warmed/humidified CO2 -
correct answer ✅decreases postop pain and temperature
(compared to gas directly from cylinder)
but is not clinically significant in cases < 90min
High powered light source wattage? -
correct answer ✅300 watt Xenon lamp
"Picture in Picture" feature -
correct answer ✅· Helpful if need for intra-op of flexible
endoscopy or ultrasound of GI or GU tract, liver ultrasound,
hysteroscopy, bile duct exploration
,FLS Written Exam Questions And Answers
o Basically smaller picture in corner to show scope imaging +
additional images
· Work space decrease in size: Actual pressure higher than set
pressure = -
correct answer ✅o Patient may not be sufficiently relaxed or there
is obstruction
o Twitch monitors may not represent this well as diaphragm
recovery from paralytics differs from skeletal muscles
o Mechanical obstruction - closed valve on port, kink, standing on
tubing
Low pressure and high flow rate = -
correct answer ✅= leak in system
o tubing disconnected from insufflator or port
o Valve open—check to make sure valves are cloed
o Check all port sites for leaking CO2
o Hollow organs check distension of bowel or bladder catheter
Waveforms -
correct answer ✅coag, cut, blend
, FLS Written Exam Questions And Answers
· Tissue effects: -
correct answer ✅o Vaporization: 'cut', non-contact, deep injury
with minimal lateral damage
o Fulguration: 'coag', non-contact, superficial wide injury
o Desiccation: either, contact with instrument, deep/penetrating
injury
--However, 'cut' gives you most thorough desiccation!
Harmonic scalpel -
correct answer ✅· uses mechanical energy, so no dispersive
electrode needed
o Little lateral injury, good for small vessels
· Ligasure -
correct answer ✅o Bipolar, continuous waveform, measures tissue
impedance and shuts down as needed
o single application is sufficient!
If jewelry cannot be removed, then? -
correct answer ✅· use gauze and tape to increase contact area and
to minimize current concentration
· jewelry should not between dispersive electrode and surgical site
Laparoscope diameters -
correct answer ✅2-10 mm
Laparoscope lengths -
correct answer ✅30-45 cm
Hopkins Rod lens system -
correct answer ✅light from source to operative field >> capture
and transmit reflected light through the scope and camera couple
>> light sensitive chip in the camera head
Decreasing ability for image capture with what factors? -
correct answer ✅increasing length, increasing angle, and
decreasing diameter (ex: 5 mm, 30 degree scope admits less light
than a 10 mm, 0 degree scope)
Laparoscopic damage susceptibility increases with which factors? -
correct answer ✅decreasing diameter, increasing length
0 degree laparocope most useful? -
correct answer ✅when structures most in line with the trocars and
in small places (deep pelvis, high mediastinum)
,FLS Written Exam Questions And Answers
30- and 45-degree laparocope -
correct answer ✅offer more flexibility/versatility than 0 degree
(but need more skills)
Troubleshooting smudge on laparoscope? -
correct answer ✅o Wipe on clean tissue (liver or bowel)
o Remove scope and clean with towel
o Clean port (newer systems may not need this as no mechanical
seal)
Warmed/humidified CO2 -
correct answer ✅decreases postop pain and temperature
(compared to gas directly from cylinder)
but is not clinically significant in cases < 90min
High powered light source wattage? -
correct answer ✅300 watt Xenon lamp
"Picture in Picture" feature -
correct answer ✅· Helpful if need for intra-op of flexible
endoscopy or ultrasound of GI or GU tract, liver ultrasound,
hysteroscopy, bile duct exploration
,FLS Written Exam Questions And Answers
o Basically smaller picture in corner to show scope imaging +
additional images
· Work space decrease in size: Actual pressure higher than set
pressure = -
correct answer ✅o Patient may not be sufficiently relaxed or there
is obstruction
o Twitch monitors may not represent this well as diaphragm
recovery from paralytics differs from skeletal muscles
o Mechanical obstruction - closed valve on port, kink, standing on
tubing
Low pressure and high flow rate = -
correct answer ✅= leak in system
o tubing disconnected from insufflator or port
o Valve open—check to make sure valves are cloed
o Check all port sites for leaking CO2
o Hollow organs check distension of bowel or bladder catheter
Waveforms -
correct answer ✅coag, cut, blend
, FLS Written Exam Questions And Answers
· Tissue effects: -
correct answer ✅o Vaporization: 'cut', non-contact, deep injury
with minimal lateral damage
o Fulguration: 'coag', non-contact, superficial wide injury
o Desiccation: either, contact with instrument, deep/penetrating
injury
--However, 'cut' gives you most thorough desiccation!
Harmonic scalpel -
correct answer ✅· uses mechanical energy, so no dispersive
electrode needed
o Little lateral injury, good for small vessels
· Ligasure -
correct answer ✅o Bipolar, continuous waveform, measures tissue
impedance and shuts down as needed
o single application is sufficient!
If jewelry cannot be removed, then? -
correct answer ✅· use gauze and tape to increase contact area and
to minimize current concentration
· jewelry should not between dispersive electrode and surgical site
