PORTAGE LEARNING A&P 2: FINAL EXAM MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ WITH RATIONALES

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PORTAGE LEARNING A&P 2: FINAL EXAM MOST TESTED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ WITH
RATIONALES
1. Collection of cell bodies in the PNS is called:

 A) Nuclei

 B) Ganglia

 C) Tracts

 D) Nerves
Answer: B) Ganglia
Rationale: Ganglia are clusters of neuron cell bodies located in the peripheral nervous system
(PNS), while nuclei are clusters in the central nervous system (CNS).



2. Which part of the autonomic nervous system increases digestion?

 A) Sympathetic

 B) Parasympathetic

 C) Somatic

 D) Enteric
Answer: B) Parasympathetic
Rationale: The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for "rest and digest" functions,
including stimulating digestion.



3. The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?

 A) Sensory

 B) Motor

 C) Interneurons

 D) Autonomic
Answer: B) Motor

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Rationale: The ventral root carries motor neurons that transmit signals from the CNS to muscles
and glands.



4. Which part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body?

 A) Dendrite

 B) Axon

 C) Soma

 D) Synapse
Answer: B) Axon
Rationale: The axon is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses away from the neuron's
cell body.



5. An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the:

 A) Peripheral nervous system

 B) Central nervous system

 C) Autonomic nervous system

 D) Enteric nervous system
Answer: B) Central nervous system
Rationale: Interneurons are located entirely within the CNS and facilitate communication
between sensory and motor neurons.



6. Where are neurotransmitters synthesized and stored?

 A) Dendrites

 B) Cell body and axon terminal

 C) Synaptic cleft

 D) Myelin sheath
Answer: B) Cell body and axon terminal
Rationale: Neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cell body and stored in secretory vesicles at
the axon terminal.

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7. An efferent neuron carries information:

 A) From the PNS to the CNS

 B) From the CNS to the PNS

 C) Between neurons in the CNS

 D) Within the autonomic nervous system
Answer: B) From the CNS to the PNS
Rationale: Efferent neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to peripheral
effectors like muscles and glands.



8. What is the location and function of astrocytes?

 A) PNS; myelination of axons

 B) CNS; regulation of chemical environment

 C) CNS; transmission of nerve impulses

 D) PNS; immune defense
Answer: B) CNS; regulation of chemical environment
Rationale: Astrocytes are glial cells in the CNS that help maintain the blood-brain barrier and
regulate the chemical environment.



9. What are the phases of an action potential?

 A) Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization

 B) Resting, depolarization, repolarization

 C) Depolarization, resting, hyperpolarization

 D) Resting, hyperpolarization, depolarization
Answer: A) Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization
Rationale: An action potential involves depolarization (rising phase), repolarization (falling
phase), and hyperpolarization (undershoot).



10. At rest, a neuron's plasma membrane is: