, Human
E X P E R IE N CE
Development FOURTEENTH EDITION
Diane E. PAPALIA
Gabriela MARTORELL
pap26606_fm_i-xxxii_1.indd 1 12/10/19 1
, EXPERIENCE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, FOURTEENTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright ©2021 by McGraw-Hill
Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions ©2015, 2012, and
2009. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a
database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education, including, but not
limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LWI 24 23 22 21 20
ISBN 978-1-260-72660-2 (bound edition)
MHID 1-260-72660-6 (bound edition)
ISBN 978-1-260-78867-9 (loose-leaf edition)
MHID 1-260-78867-9 (loose-leaf edition)
Senior Portfolio Manager: Ryan Treat
Product Development Manager: Dawn Groundwater
Marketing Managers: Augustine Laferrera, Olivia Kaiser
Content Project Managers: Mary E. Powers (Core), Jodi Banowetz (Assessment)
Buyer: Susan K. Culberton
Design: Beth Blech
Content Licensing Specialist: Jacob Sullivan
Cover Image: Anton Khrupin/Shutterstock
Compositor: Aptara, Inc.
All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Papalia, Diane E., author. | Martorell, Gabriela, author.
Title: Experience human development/Diane E. Papalia, Gabriela Martorell.
Other titles: Human development
Description: Fourteenth edition. | New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education,
[2021] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019031554 (print) | LCCN 2019031555 (ebook) | ISBN
9781260726602 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781260788679 (spiral bound) | ISBN
9781260788709 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Developmental psychology. | Developmental psychobiology.
Classification: LCC BF713 .P35 2021 (print) | LCC BF713 (ebook) | DDC
155—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019031554
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019031555
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion
of a website does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and
McGraw-Hill Education does not guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.
mheducation.com/highered
pap26606_fm_i-xxxii_1.indd 2 14/10/19
, about the authors
Diane E. Papalia As a professor, Diane E. Papalia Gabriela Alicia Martorell was born in Seattle,
taught thousands of undergraduates at the Univer- Washington, but moved as a toddler to Guatemala.
sity of Wisconsin–Madison. She received her At eight, she returned to the United States and
bachelor’s degree, majoring in Psychology, from lived in Northern California until leaving for her un-
Vassar College and both her master’s degree in dergraduate training at the University of California,
Child Development and Family Relations and her Davis. After obtaining her bachelor’s degree in
Ph.D. in Lifespan Developmental Psychology from Psychology, she earned her Ph.D. in Developmen-
West Virginia University. She has published nu- tal and Evolutionary Psychology with an interdisci-
merous articles in such professional journals as plinary emphasis in Human Development from the
Human Development, International Journal of Aging University of California, Santa Barbara. She now
and Human Development, Sex Roles, Journal of works as a Full Professor of Psychology at Virginia
Experimental Child Psychology, and Journal of Wesleyan University and serves as the chair of the
Gerontology. Most of these papers have dealt with Institutional Review Board. Gabi maintains an
her major research focus, cognitive development active teaching schedule and teaches courses in
from childhood through old age. She is especially Introductory Psychology, Lifespan Human
interested in intelligence in old age and factors Development, Infant Development, Child Develop-
that contribute to the maintenance of intellectual ment, Adolescent Development, Culture and
functioning in late adulthood. She is a Fellow in Development, Evolutionary Psychology, Research
the Gerontological Society of America. She is the Methods, Original Research Project, and Capstone
coauthor of Human Development, now in its 11th community-based learning courses in Early Child-
edition, with Sally Wendkos Olds and Ruth Duskin hood Education and Adulthood and Aging. She is
Feldman; of Adult Development and Aging, now in committed to teaching, mentoring, and advising.
its 3rd edition, with Harvey L. Sterns, Ruth Duskin She recently concluded a 5-year longitudinal
Feldman, and Cameron J. Camp; and of Child National Science Foundation grant focused on the
Development: A Topical Approach with Dana retention of higher education students from tradi-
Gross and Ruth Duskin Feldman. tionally underrepresented groups in science, tech-
nology, engineering, and math. She is also a
volunteer trainer for Court Appointed Special
Advocates and a group fitness instructor for the
YMCA of South Hampton Roads.
iii
pap26606_fm_i-xxxii_1.indd 3 12/10/19 1
E X P E R IE N CE
Development FOURTEENTH EDITION
Diane E. PAPALIA
Gabriela MARTORELL
pap26606_fm_i-xxxii_1.indd 1 12/10/19 1
, EXPERIENCE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, FOURTEENTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright ©2021 by McGraw-Hill
Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions ©2015, 2012, and
2009. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a
database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education, including, but not
limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LWI 24 23 22 21 20
ISBN 978-1-260-72660-2 (bound edition)
MHID 1-260-72660-6 (bound edition)
ISBN 978-1-260-78867-9 (loose-leaf edition)
MHID 1-260-78867-9 (loose-leaf edition)
Senior Portfolio Manager: Ryan Treat
Product Development Manager: Dawn Groundwater
Marketing Managers: Augustine Laferrera, Olivia Kaiser
Content Project Managers: Mary E. Powers (Core), Jodi Banowetz (Assessment)
Buyer: Susan K. Culberton
Design: Beth Blech
Content Licensing Specialist: Jacob Sullivan
Cover Image: Anton Khrupin/Shutterstock
Compositor: Aptara, Inc.
All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Papalia, Diane E., author. | Martorell, Gabriela, author.
Title: Experience human development/Diane E. Papalia, Gabriela Martorell.
Other titles: Human development
Description: Fourteenth edition. | New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education,
[2021] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019031554 (print) | LCCN 2019031555 (ebook) | ISBN
9781260726602 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781260788679 (spiral bound) | ISBN
9781260788709 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Developmental psychology. | Developmental psychobiology.
Classification: LCC BF713 .P35 2021 (print) | LCC BF713 (ebook) | DDC
155—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019031554
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019031555
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion
of a website does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and
McGraw-Hill Education does not guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.
mheducation.com/highered
pap26606_fm_i-xxxii_1.indd 2 14/10/19
, about the authors
Diane E. Papalia As a professor, Diane E. Papalia Gabriela Alicia Martorell was born in Seattle,
taught thousands of undergraduates at the Univer- Washington, but moved as a toddler to Guatemala.
sity of Wisconsin–Madison. She received her At eight, she returned to the United States and
bachelor’s degree, majoring in Psychology, from lived in Northern California until leaving for her un-
Vassar College and both her master’s degree in dergraduate training at the University of California,
Child Development and Family Relations and her Davis. After obtaining her bachelor’s degree in
Ph.D. in Lifespan Developmental Psychology from Psychology, she earned her Ph.D. in Developmen-
West Virginia University. She has published nu- tal and Evolutionary Psychology with an interdisci-
merous articles in such professional journals as plinary emphasis in Human Development from the
Human Development, International Journal of Aging University of California, Santa Barbara. She now
and Human Development, Sex Roles, Journal of works as a Full Professor of Psychology at Virginia
Experimental Child Psychology, and Journal of Wesleyan University and serves as the chair of the
Gerontology. Most of these papers have dealt with Institutional Review Board. Gabi maintains an
her major research focus, cognitive development active teaching schedule and teaches courses in
from childhood through old age. She is especially Introductory Psychology, Lifespan Human
interested in intelligence in old age and factors Development, Infant Development, Child Develop-
that contribute to the maintenance of intellectual ment, Adolescent Development, Culture and
functioning in late adulthood. She is a Fellow in Development, Evolutionary Psychology, Research
the Gerontological Society of America. She is the Methods, Original Research Project, and Capstone
coauthor of Human Development, now in its 11th community-based learning courses in Early Child-
edition, with Sally Wendkos Olds and Ruth Duskin hood Education and Adulthood and Aging. She is
Feldman; of Adult Development and Aging, now in committed to teaching, mentoring, and advising.
its 3rd edition, with Harvey L. Sterns, Ruth Duskin She recently concluded a 5-year longitudinal
Feldman, and Cameron J. Camp; and of Child National Science Foundation grant focused on the
Development: A Topical Approach with Dana retention of higher education students from tradi-
Gross and Ruth Duskin Feldman. tionally underrepresented groups in science, tech-
nology, engineering, and math. She is also a
volunteer trainer for Court Appointed Special
Advocates and a group fitness instructor for the
YMCA of South Hampton Roads.
iii
pap26606_fm_i-xxxii_1.indd 3 12/10/19 1