TEST BANK For Psychology Themes and
Variations 4th Canadian Edition
By Weiten Chapters 1 - 16, Complete
,TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER 1: The Evolution of Psychology CHAPTER 2:
The Research Enterprise in PsychologyCHAPTER 3:
The Biological Bases of Behaviour CHAPTER 4:
Sensation and Perception
CHAPTER 5: Variations in Consciousness
CHAPTER 6: Learning
CHAPTER 7: Human Memory
CHAPTER 8: Language and Thought
CHAPTER 9: Intelligence and Psychological Testing
CHAPTER 10: Motivation and Emotion
CHAPTER 11: Human Development across the Life Span
CHAPTER 12: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment
CHAPTER 13: Social Behaviour
CHAPTER 14: Stress, Coping, and Health
CHAPTER 15: Psychological Disorders
CHAPTER 16: Treatment of Psychological Disorder
,Chapter 1—The Evolution of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following individuals is responsible for establishing psychology
as an independent discipline with its own subject matter?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. René Descartes
d. William James
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Remember
2. According to historians, when and where did the “birth” of psychology occur?
a. 1859 in England
b. 1879 in Germany
c. 1883 in the United States
d. 1909 in Austria
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Remember
3. According to Wilhelm Wundt, what was the focus of psychology?
a. to understand functions of behaviour
b. to understand unconscious motivation
c. the scientific study of observable behaviour
d. the scientific study of conscious experience
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Remember
4. What did Wilhelm Wundt believe the focus of psychology should be?
a. studying stimulus-response associations
b. questioning the nature of existence
c. examining people’s awareness of their immediate experience
d. determining people’s unconscious motivation for behaviour
ANSWER: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Higher order
5. Who established the first psychological research laboratory in the United
Statesand launched that country’s first psychology journal?
a. William James
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. John Watson
d. Edward Titchener
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 BLM: Remember
, 6. Who was the first president of the American Psychological Association (APA)?
a. G. Stanley Hall
b. John Watson
c. William James
d. Sigmund Freud
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 BLM: Remember
7. What is the world’s largest organization devoted to the advancement
ofpsychology?
a. Psychologists of North America
b. Western Psychological Society
c. World Psychology Organization
d. American Psychological Association
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 BLM: Remember
8. What were the first two major schools of psychology?
a. functionalism and behaviourism
b. behaviourism and psychoanalytic theory
c. behaviourism and Gestalt psychology
d. structuralism and functionalism
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
9. Which school of psychology focused on identifying and examining the
fundamental components of conscious experience, such as sensations, feelings, and
images?
a. humanism
b. structuralism
c. functionalism
d. behaviourism
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
10. Which type of psychologist was most likely to use the technique
ofintrospection?
a. structuralist
b. behaviourist
c. cognitive
d. humanist
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
11. Mariska is participating in a study in which she is asked to carefully observe
and report her conscious reactions to several stimuli. Which type of psychologist is most
likely to conduct a study like this?
a. structuralist
, b. humanist
c. behaviourist
d. psychoanalytic
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
12. Isabel is listening to a piece of classical music and tape recording all her
feelings and impressions as she experiences them. Which school of psychology was well-
known for using this sort of technique?
a. humanism
b. structuralism
c. functionalism
d. behaviourism
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
13. In an attempt to learn something about his conscious experience,
William looked at an abstract painting and wrote down all of his impressions as they
came to him.What is this technique called?
a. retrospection
b. empiricism
c. introspection
d. psychoanalysis
ANSWER: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
14. Dr. Asgaard believes that in order to fully understand complex processes,
suchas auditory processing, it is first necessary to understand all the separate component
parts. Which of the following psychologists are Dr. Asgaard’s views most consistent with?
a. Ivan Pavlov
b. Carl Rogers
c. William James
d. Edward Titchener
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
15. Which of the following was an important reason why structuralism ended as
adominant school of psychology?
a. Introspection was a highly subjective method of analyzing consciousness, and
itwas difficult for others to validate or evaluate the claims made about a
subject’s
conscious experiences.
b. Psychoanalysis was a much better method than introspection for determining the
conscious experiences of an individual.
c. Structuralists did not want to examine important psychological issues like sensation
and perception.
d. Titchener died, and there were no other well-established structuralists to continue
his work.
,ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
16. Which of the following schools of psychology focused on understanding
thepurpose of behaviour?
a. structuralism
b. functionalism
c. neodynamism
d. behaviourism
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
17. Which of the following statements is most likely to be made by a
researcherwho studies pain perception from a functionalist perspective?
a. We can understand pain perception only if we understand the unconscious
processes
that initiate the sensation of pain.
b. We can study pain only by observing the outward expression of pain in response to
different stimuli.
c. We can study pain only if all the component parts that make up the experience of
pain are understood.
d. We can understand pain perception only if we understand the role of pain in human
survival and adaptation.
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
18. Which of the following theorists most heavily influenced William James, who
was a pioneer in the development of functionalism?
a. theorist Charles Darwin
b. theorist Sigmund Freud
c. theorist B. F. Skinner
d. theorist John Watson
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
19. Which school of psychology stressed that psychology should study the
purposeof consciousness rather than its structure?
a. psychoanalysis
b. structuralism
c. Gestalt psychology
d. functionalism
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
20. Dr. Smythe believes that in order to fully understand complex processes,
suchas taste, it is necessary to understand the role that taste plays in survival, not the
elementary components that combine to produce taste sensations. With which school of
thought are Dr. Smythe’s views most consistent?
a. structuralist approach
b. behaviourist approach
, c. functionalist approach
d. psychoanalytic approach
ANSWER: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
21. Dr. tRamos tbelieves tthat tit tis tnot tpossible tto tfully tunderstand temotions
tunlesstwe tunderstand tthe trole tthat tthe tconscious texperiences tassociated twith temotions
tplay tin tsurvival tand tadaptation. tWith twhich ttheorist tare tDr. tRamos’s tviews tmost
tconsistent twith?
a. Ivan tPavlov
b. Carl tRogers
c. Edward tTitchener
d. William tJames
ANSWER: t D PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Higher torder
22. What tis tthe tterm tused tby tWilliam tJames tto tdescribe ta tcontinuous tflow
toftthoughts?
a. phenomenological tflow
b. stream tof tconsciousness
c. transcendental tmeditation
d. existential tawareness
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Remember
23. Which tof tthe tfollowing tis ta tconcept tthat tis tleast tassociated twith tfunctionalism?
a. mental ttesting
b. elements tof tconsciousness
c. stream tof tconsciousness
d. adapting tto tthe tenvironment
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Higher torder
24. Which tof tthe tfollowing twas tan tearly tapproach tin tpsychology tthat tfostered
tthetdevelopment tof tmodern-day tapplied tpsychology?
a. behaviourism
b. functionalism
c. pragmatism
d. structuralism
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Remember
25. Which tof tthe tfollowing twas ta tmajor tfocus tof tstudy tfor tstructuralists, tbut
tnottfunctionalists?
a. effectiveness tof teducational tpractices
b. sensation tand tperception
c. development tin tchildren
d. mental ttesting
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Higher torder
, 26. Who twas tthe tfirst twoman tto treceive ta tPh.D. tin tpsychology?
a. Mary tCalkins
b. Anna tFreud
c. Margaret tWashburn
d. Leta tHollingworth
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Remember
27. What tis tLeta tHollingworth tmost twell tknown tfor?
a. debunking ttheories twhich tproposed tthat twomen tare tinferior tto tmen
b. founding tone tof tthe tearly tpsychology tlaboratories tin tAmerica
c. being tthe tfirst twoman tto treceive ta tPh.D. tin tpsychology
d. being tthe tfirst twoman tpresident tof tthe tAmerican tPsychological tAssociation
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
28. Which tpsychologist tproposed tthat tthe tstudy tof tconsciousness tshould
tbetreplaced tby tthe tstudy tof tbehaviour?
a. G. tStanley tHall
b. John tB. tWatson
c. Sigmund tFreud
d. Abraham tMaslow
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
29. Which ttheoretical torientation tinsisted tthat tobservations tbe tverifiable?
a. behaviourism
b. functionalism
c. psychoanalysis
d. structuralism
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Higher torder
30. With twhich tof tthe tfollowing tstatements twould ta tbehaviourist tagree?
a. Psychology tshould tbe tthe tscience tof tobservable tbehaviour.
b. Behaviour tcan tbe texplained tonly tin tterms tof tphenomenology, tthat tis, tan
tindividual’s
interpretation tof texperience.
c. In torder tto tunderstand tbehaviour, tone tmust tunderstand tthe tmotives tbehind tthe
behaviour.
d. Conscious texperiences tcan tbe tstudied tin tan tobjective, tprecise tway.
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Higher torder
31. Which tof tthe tfollowing tdid tJohn tB. tWatson targue tthat tpsychologists tshould
do?
a. confine ttheir twork tto tpeople twho tare tdiagnosed tas tmentally till
b. use tthe tmethod tof tintrospection tto testablish tthe tstructural taspects tof
tconsciousness
, c. abandon tthe tstudy tof tconsciousness
d. concern tthemselves twith tthe tintentionality tof tbehaviour
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
32. According tto tJohn tWatson, tby twhich tof tthe tfollowing tis tbehaviour
tgoverned,tprimarily?
a. personal tmotives
b. heredity
c. environment
d. unconscious tdesires
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
33. With twhich tof tthe tfollowing tstatements twould tstrict tbehaviourists tmost tlikely
agree?
a. The tprimary tcauses tfor thuman tbehaviour tare tunknown.
b. Human tbehaviour tis tcaused tprimarily tby tenvironmental tfactors.
c. Human tbehaviour tis tcaused tprimarily tby tinherited tfactors.
d. Human tbehaviour tis tcaused tprimarily tby tequal tcontributions tof tinherited tand
environmental tfactors.
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Higher torder
34. What tdid tWatson tstate tthat tpsychologists tshould tstudy?
a. only tthe tthings tthat tpeople tor tother tanimals tdo, tbecause tthose tare tobservable
behaviours
b. only tthe tthings tthat tpeople tdo tas ta tresult tof texperience, tbecause treflexes tare tnot
valid tbehaviours
c. things tthat tpeople tdo, tthink, tand tfeel
d. only tthe tthings tthat tpeople tthink tand tfeel, tbecause tthose tare tpsychological
tprocesses
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
35. What tis tanother tname tfor tthe tbehavioural tapproach tin tpsychology?
a. structuralism
b. applied tpsychology
c. Gestalt tpsychology
d. stimulus-response tpsychology
ANSWER: t D PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Remember
36. Ariadne tbelieves tthat tindividuals tlearn tto tbe teither taggressive tor tnon-
aggres-tsive tas ta tresult tof tthe texperiences tthey thave. tWith twhich ttype tof tpsychology tare
tAriadne’s tviews tmost tconsistent?
a. functionalist
b. structuralist
c. psychoanalytic
, d. behaviourist
ANSWER: t D PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Higher torder
37. Lynelle tis tcrying tbecause ther tbrother tjust tpunched ther tin tthe tarm. tLynelle’s
tmother tasks ther twhat tshe tdid tjust tbefore tshe twas tpunched. tIn tlooking tfor ta tlink tbetween
ther tdaughter’s tactions tand ther tson’s tresponse tto tthose tactions, twhich ttype tof tanalysis tis
tLynelle’stmother tusing?
a. structuralist
b. behaviourist
c. psychoanalytic
d. functionalist
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Higher torder
38. Which tschool tof tpsychology twas tmost tresponsible tfor tthe trise tof
tanimaltresearch tin tpsychology?
a. structuralism
b. psychoanalysis
c. behaviourism
d. Gestaltism
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Remember
Variations 4th Canadian Edition
By Weiten Chapters 1 - 16, Complete
,TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER 1: The Evolution of Psychology CHAPTER 2:
The Research Enterprise in PsychologyCHAPTER 3:
The Biological Bases of Behaviour CHAPTER 4:
Sensation and Perception
CHAPTER 5: Variations in Consciousness
CHAPTER 6: Learning
CHAPTER 7: Human Memory
CHAPTER 8: Language and Thought
CHAPTER 9: Intelligence and Psychological Testing
CHAPTER 10: Motivation and Emotion
CHAPTER 11: Human Development across the Life Span
CHAPTER 12: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment
CHAPTER 13: Social Behaviour
CHAPTER 14: Stress, Coping, and Health
CHAPTER 15: Psychological Disorders
CHAPTER 16: Treatment of Psychological Disorder
,Chapter 1—The Evolution of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following individuals is responsible for establishing psychology
as an independent discipline with its own subject matter?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. René Descartes
d. William James
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Remember
2. According to historians, when and where did the “birth” of psychology occur?
a. 1859 in England
b. 1879 in Germany
c. 1883 in the United States
d. 1909 in Austria
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Remember
3. According to Wilhelm Wundt, what was the focus of psychology?
a. to understand functions of behaviour
b. to understand unconscious motivation
c. the scientific study of observable behaviour
d. the scientific study of conscious experience
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Remember
4. What did Wilhelm Wundt believe the focus of psychology should be?
a. studying stimulus-response associations
b. questioning the nature of existence
c. examining people’s awareness of their immediate experience
d. determining people’s unconscious motivation for behaviour
ANSWER: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 BLM: Higher order
5. Who established the first psychological research laboratory in the United
Statesand launched that country’s first psychology journal?
a. William James
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. John Watson
d. Edward Titchener
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 BLM: Remember
, 6. Who was the first president of the American Psychological Association (APA)?
a. G. Stanley Hall
b. John Watson
c. William James
d. Sigmund Freud
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 BLM: Remember
7. What is the world’s largest organization devoted to the advancement
ofpsychology?
a. Psychologists of North America
b. Western Psychological Society
c. World Psychology Organization
d. American Psychological Association
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 BLM: Remember
8. What were the first two major schools of psychology?
a. functionalism and behaviourism
b. behaviourism and psychoanalytic theory
c. behaviourism and Gestalt psychology
d. structuralism and functionalism
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
9. Which school of psychology focused on identifying and examining the
fundamental components of conscious experience, such as sensations, feelings, and
images?
a. humanism
b. structuralism
c. functionalism
d. behaviourism
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
10. Which type of psychologist was most likely to use the technique
ofintrospection?
a. structuralist
b. behaviourist
c. cognitive
d. humanist
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
11. Mariska is participating in a study in which she is asked to carefully observe
and report her conscious reactions to several stimuli. Which type of psychologist is most
likely to conduct a study like this?
a. structuralist
, b. humanist
c. behaviourist
d. psychoanalytic
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
12. Isabel is listening to a piece of classical music and tape recording all her
feelings and impressions as she experiences them. Which school of psychology was well-
known for using this sort of technique?
a. humanism
b. structuralism
c. functionalism
d. behaviourism
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
13. In an attempt to learn something about his conscious experience,
William looked at an abstract painting and wrote down all of his impressions as they
came to him.What is this technique called?
a. retrospection
b. empiricism
c. introspection
d. psychoanalysis
ANSWER: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
14. Dr. Asgaard believes that in order to fully understand complex processes,
suchas auditory processing, it is first necessary to understand all the separate component
parts. Which of the following psychologists are Dr. Asgaard’s views most consistent with?
a. Ivan Pavlov
b. Carl Rogers
c. William James
d. Edward Titchener
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
15. Which of the following was an important reason why structuralism ended as
adominant school of psychology?
a. Introspection was a highly subjective method of analyzing consciousness, and
itwas difficult for others to validate or evaluate the claims made about a
subject’s
conscious experiences.
b. Psychoanalysis was a much better method than introspection for determining the
conscious experiences of an individual.
c. Structuralists did not want to examine important psychological issues like sensation
and perception.
d. Titchener died, and there were no other well-established structuralists to continue
his work.
,ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
16. Which of the following schools of psychology focused on understanding
thepurpose of behaviour?
a. structuralism
b. functionalism
c. neodynamism
d. behaviourism
ANSWER: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
17. Which of the following statements is most likely to be made by a
researcherwho studies pain perception from a functionalist perspective?
a. We can understand pain perception only if we understand the unconscious
processes
that initiate the sensation of pain.
b. We can study pain only by observing the outward expression of pain in response to
different stimuli.
c. We can study pain only if all the component parts that make up the experience of
pain are understood.
d. We can understand pain perception only if we understand the role of pain in human
survival and adaptation.
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
18. Which of the following theorists most heavily influenced William James, who
was a pioneer in the development of functionalism?
a. theorist Charles Darwin
b. theorist Sigmund Freud
c. theorist B. F. Skinner
d. theorist John Watson
ANSWER: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
19. Which school of psychology stressed that psychology should study the
purposeof consciousness rather than its structure?
a. psychoanalysis
b. structuralism
c. Gestalt psychology
d. functionalism
ANSWER: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Remember
20. Dr. Smythe believes that in order to fully understand complex processes,
suchas taste, it is necessary to understand the role that taste plays in survival, not the
elementary components that combine to produce taste sensations. With which school of
thought are Dr. Smythe’s views most consistent?
a. structuralist approach
b. behaviourist approach
, c. functionalist approach
d. psychoanalytic approach
ANSWER: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 BLM: Higher order
21. Dr. tRamos tbelieves tthat tit tis tnot tpossible tto tfully tunderstand temotions
tunlesstwe tunderstand tthe trole tthat tthe tconscious texperiences tassociated twith temotions
tplay tin tsurvival tand tadaptation. tWith twhich ttheorist tare tDr. tRamos’s tviews tmost
tconsistent twith?
a. Ivan tPavlov
b. Carl tRogers
c. Edward tTitchener
d. William tJames
ANSWER: t D PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Higher torder
22. What tis tthe tterm tused tby tWilliam tJames tto tdescribe ta tcontinuous tflow
toftthoughts?
a. phenomenological tflow
b. stream tof tconsciousness
c. transcendental tmeditation
d. existential tawareness
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Remember
23. Which tof tthe tfollowing tis ta tconcept tthat tis tleast tassociated twith tfunctionalism?
a. mental ttesting
b. elements tof tconsciousness
c. stream tof tconsciousness
d. adapting tto tthe tenvironment
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Higher torder
24. Which tof tthe tfollowing twas tan tearly tapproach tin tpsychology tthat tfostered
tthetdevelopment tof tmodern-day tapplied tpsychology?
a. behaviourism
b. functionalism
c. pragmatism
d. structuralism
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Remember
25. Which tof tthe tfollowing twas ta tmajor tfocus tof tstudy tfor tstructuralists, tbut
tnottfunctionalists?
a. effectiveness tof teducational tpractices
b. sensation tand tperception
c. development tin tchildren
d. mental ttesting
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Higher torder
, 26. Who twas tthe tfirst twoman tto treceive ta tPh.D. tin tpsychology?
a. Mary tCalkins
b. Anna tFreud
c. Margaret tWashburn
d. Leta tHollingworth
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t6 BLM: t Remember
27. What tis tLeta tHollingworth tmost twell tknown tfor?
a. debunking ttheories twhich tproposed tthat twomen tare tinferior tto tmen
b. founding tone tof tthe tearly tpsychology tlaboratories tin tAmerica
c. being tthe tfirst twoman tto treceive ta tPh.D. tin tpsychology
d. being tthe tfirst twoman tpresident tof tthe tAmerican tPsychological tAssociation
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
28. Which tpsychologist tproposed tthat tthe tstudy tof tconsciousness tshould
tbetreplaced tby tthe tstudy tof tbehaviour?
a. G. tStanley tHall
b. John tB. tWatson
c. Sigmund tFreud
d. Abraham tMaslow
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
29. Which ttheoretical torientation tinsisted tthat tobservations tbe tverifiable?
a. behaviourism
b. functionalism
c. psychoanalysis
d. structuralism
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Higher torder
30. With twhich tof tthe tfollowing tstatements twould ta tbehaviourist tagree?
a. Psychology tshould tbe tthe tscience tof tobservable tbehaviour.
b. Behaviour tcan tbe texplained tonly tin tterms tof tphenomenology, tthat tis, tan
tindividual’s
interpretation tof texperience.
c. In torder tto tunderstand tbehaviour, tone tmust tunderstand tthe tmotives tbehind tthe
behaviour.
d. Conscious texperiences tcan tbe tstudied tin tan tobjective, tprecise tway.
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Higher torder
31. Which tof tthe tfollowing tdid tJohn tB. tWatson targue tthat tpsychologists tshould
do?
a. confine ttheir twork tto tpeople twho tare tdiagnosed tas tmentally till
b. use tthe tmethod tof tintrospection tto testablish tthe tstructural taspects tof
tconsciousness
, c. abandon tthe tstudy tof tconsciousness
d. concern tthemselves twith tthe tintentionality tof tbehaviour
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
32. According tto tJohn tWatson, tby twhich tof tthe tfollowing tis tbehaviour
tgoverned,tprimarily?
a. personal tmotives
b. heredity
c. environment
d. unconscious tdesires
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
33. With twhich tof tthe tfollowing tstatements twould tstrict tbehaviourists tmost tlikely
agree?
a. The tprimary tcauses tfor thuman tbehaviour tare tunknown.
b. Human tbehaviour tis tcaused tprimarily tby tenvironmental tfactors.
c. Human tbehaviour tis tcaused tprimarily tby tinherited tfactors.
d. Human tbehaviour tis tcaused tprimarily tby tequal tcontributions tof tinherited tand
environmental tfactors.
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Higher torder
34. What tdid tWatson tstate tthat tpsychologists tshould tstudy?
a. only tthe tthings tthat tpeople tor tother tanimals tdo, tbecause tthose tare tobservable
behaviours
b. only tthe tthings tthat tpeople tdo tas ta tresult tof texperience, tbecause treflexes tare tnot
valid tbehaviours
c. things tthat tpeople tdo, tthink, tand tfeel
d. only tthe tthings tthat tpeople tthink tand tfeel, tbecause tthose tare tpsychological
tprocesses
ANSWER: t A PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t7 BLM: t Remember
35. What tis tanother tname tfor tthe tbehavioural tapproach tin tpsychology?
a. structuralism
b. applied tpsychology
c. Gestalt tpsychology
d. stimulus-response tpsychology
ANSWER: t D PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Remember
36. Ariadne tbelieves tthat tindividuals tlearn tto tbe teither taggressive tor tnon-
aggres-tsive tas ta tresult tof tthe texperiences tthey thave. tWith twhich ttype tof tpsychology tare
tAriadne’s tviews tmost tconsistent?
a. functionalist
b. structuralist
c. psychoanalytic
, d. behaviourist
ANSWER: t D PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Higher torder
37. Lynelle tis tcrying tbecause ther tbrother tjust tpunched ther tin tthe tarm. tLynelle’s
tmother tasks ther twhat tshe tdid tjust tbefore tshe twas tpunched. tIn tlooking tfor ta tlink tbetween
ther tdaughter’s tactions tand ther tson’s tresponse tto tthose tactions, twhich ttype tof tanalysis tis
tLynelle’stmother tusing?
a. structuralist
b. behaviourist
c. psychoanalytic
d. functionalist
ANSWER: t B PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Higher torder
38. Which tschool tof tpsychology twas tmost tresponsible tfor tthe trise tof
tanimaltresearch tin tpsychology?
a. structuralism
b. psychoanalysis
c. behaviourism
d. Gestaltism
ANSWER: t C PTS: t t t 1 REF: t t tp. t8 BLM: t Remember
