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THE PRACTICE OF NURSING RESEARCH, 7TH EDITION
BY GROVE, BURNS, GRAY|ALL CHAPTERS
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Discovering The World Of Nursing Research ....................................................................................... 3
Chapter 2: Evolution Of Research In Building Evidence-Based Nursing Practice ............................................... 10
Chapter 3: Introduction To Quantitative Research ................................................................................................ 22
Chapter 4: Introduction To Qualitative Research .................................................................................................. 34
Chapter 5: Research Problem And Purpose ........................................................................................................... 40
Chapter 8: Objectives, Questions, Hypotheses And Study Variables .................................................................... 60
Chapter 9: Ethics In Research ................................................................................................................................ 72
Chapter 9: Ethics In Research ................................................................................................................................ 90
Chapter 11: Selecting A Quantitative Research Design ...................................................................................... 125
Chapter 12: Qualitative Research Methodology.................................................................................................. 139
Chapter 13: Outcomes Research .......................................................................................................................... 147
Chapter 14: Intervention-Based Research ........................................................................................................... 155
Chapter 16: Measurement Concepts .................................................................................................................... 181
Chapter 17: Measurement Methods Used In Developing Evidence-Based Practice ........................................... 192
Chapter 19: Evidence Synthesis And Strategies For Evidence-Based Practice .................................................. 204
Chapter 20: Collecting And Managing Data ....................................................................................................... 210
Chapter 21: Introduction To Statistical Analysis ................................................................................................. 217
Chapter 24: Using Statistics To Predict ............................................................................................................... 243
Chapter 26: Interpreting Research Outcomes ...................................................................................................... 254
Chapter 27: Disseminating Research Findings .................................................................................................... 263
Chapter 29: Seeking Funding For Research ........................................................................................................ 277
,Chapter 1: Discovering The World Of Nursing Research
Multiple Choice
1. Nurses With A Bachelor’s Degree In Nursing Can Participate In The Implementation Of
Evidence- Based Protocols In Practice. This Means That The Bsn Nurse
a. Develops Evidence-Based Guidelines
b. Designs Research Studies, On Which Protocols May Be Based
c. Evaluates And Revises Evidence-Based Protocols
d. Contributes Practice Wisdom When Applying Protocols In Patient Settings
e. Mentors Phd Researchers In The Clinical Setting During Protocol Development
Ans: D
Nurses With A Bsn Degree Have Knowledge Of The Research Process And Skills In
Reading And Critically Appraising Studies. They Assist With The Implementation Of
Evidence-Based Guidelines, Protocols, Algorithms, And Policies In Practice. This Implies
That Nurses Provide Their Point Of View, From The Clinician’s Vantage, When New
Protocols Are Being Put Into Practice, And Continue To Provide Feedback, Regarding The
Positive And Negative Aspects Of Those Protocols.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Analysis Ref: Page 4
2. Research Is Designed To Test The Idea Of Providing Companion Dogs To Elders In A Major
Hospital, In Order To Determine The Effect Upon The Elders’ Level Of Orientation. (The
Dogs’ Level Of Orientation Will Not Be A Focus Of The Research.) This Type Of Study Can
Do Which Of The Following?
a. Control
b. Describe
c. Explain
d. Predict
Ans: A
Control Is The Ability To Manipulate The Situation To Produce The Desired Outcome.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And,
Sometimes, The Relationships Among Them. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies The Reasons Why Certain Events Occur. The Ability To Estimate
The Probability Of A Specific Outcome In A Given Situation In Nursing Practice Is Known
As Prediction. The Researcher’s Focus Is On Predicting What Is Likely.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 13
3. A Researcher Wants To Find Out Whether Children With Autism Who Are Hospitalized On
A Pediatric Ward Will Require More Hours Of Nursing Care Than Average Children When
The Parents Or Caregivers Are Not Present. What Type Of Research Outcome Does This
Provide?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explantation
d. Prediction
, Ans: D
Control Is The Ability To Manipulate The Situation To Produce The Desired Outcome.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And,
Sometimes, The Relationships Among Them. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies The Reasons Why Certain Events Occur. The Ability To Estimate
The Probability Of A Specific Outcome In A Given Situation In Nursing Practice Is Known
As Prediction. The Researcher’s Focus Is On Predicting What Is Likely.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 16
4. A Researcher Who Desires To Determine The Cause-And-Effect Relationship Between
Requiring That All Children Under The Age Of 8 Will Ride In Special Care Harnesses And
The Subsequent Rate Of Children’s Spinal Cord Injury Will Consequently Utilize Which
Form Of Nursing Research?
a. Descriptive Research
b. Outcomes Research
c. Qualitative Research
d. Quantitative Research
Ans: D
Quantitative Research, The Most Frequently Used Method, Is A Formal, Objective,
Systematic Methodology To Describe Variables, Test Relationships, And Examine Cause-
And-Effect Interactions. Quantitative Research Includes Experimental Research, Which Is
The Method For Testing Cause-And-Effect Relationships Between And Among Specific
Variables. Qualitative Research Methods Are Used For Explaining Meanings And
Describing Experiences In Context. Descriptive Research Involves Identifying And
Understanding The Nature Of Phenomena And, Sometimes, The Relationships Among
Them. Outcomes Research Examines The End Result Of Care In Huge Populations, Most
Often Retrospectively, Using A Database.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 3
5. Despite The Presence Of An Intraventricular Drain, The Intracranial Pressure Of An Icu
Neuro Patient Remains Increased. The Nurse Recalibrates The Machine, Makes Sure The
Monitor Is On The Same Level As The Drain, Checks All Connections, And Then Notifies
The Physician, Who Comes To The Unit And Inserts A New Drain. What Type Of Reasoning
Prompts The Nurse To Recalibrate, Ensure Proper Placement, And Check Connections?
a. Abstract Reasoning
b. Concrete Thinking
c. Logistic Reasoning
d. Reality Testing
Ans: C
Logistic Reasoning Is Used To Break A Whole Into Parts That Can Be Carefully Examined.
Concrete Thinking Is Oriented Toward And Limited By Tangible Things Or By Events That
Are Observed And Experienced In Reality. Abstract Reasoning Is Oriented Toward The
Development Of An Idea Without Application To, Or Association With, A Particular
Instance. Reality Testing Is Used To Validate What Is Observed In The Empirical World.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 6
6. A Nurse With Considerable Clinical Expertise Develops A Policy For Managing Agitated
Patients In The Emergency Department. The Resultant Policy Emanates From
THE PRACTICE OF NURSING RESEARCH, 7TH EDITION
BY GROVE, BURNS, GRAY|ALL CHAPTERS
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Discovering The World Of Nursing Research ....................................................................................... 3
Chapter 2: Evolution Of Research In Building Evidence-Based Nursing Practice ............................................... 10
Chapter 3: Introduction To Quantitative Research ................................................................................................ 22
Chapter 4: Introduction To Qualitative Research .................................................................................................. 34
Chapter 5: Research Problem And Purpose ........................................................................................................... 40
Chapter 8: Objectives, Questions, Hypotheses And Study Variables .................................................................... 60
Chapter 9: Ethics In Research ................................................................................................................................ 72
Chapter 9: Ethics In Research ................................................................................................................................ 90
Chapter 11: Selecting A Quantitative Research Design ...................................................................................... 125
Chapter 12: Qualitative Research Methodology.................................................................................................. 139
Chapter 13: Outcomes Research .......................................................................................................................... 147
Chapter 14: Intervention-Based Research ........................................................................................................... 155
Chapter 16: Measurement Concepts .................................................................................................................... 181
Chapter 17: Measurement Methods Used In Developing Evidence-Based Practice ........................................... 192
Chapter 19: Evidence Synthesis And Strategies For Evidence-Based Practice .................................................. 204
Chapter 20: Collecting And Managing Data ....................................................................................................... 210
Chapter 21: Introduction To Statistical Analysis ................................................................................................. 217
Chapter 24: Using Statistics To Predict ............................................................................................................... 243
Chapter 26: Interpreting Research Outcomes ...................................................................................................... 254
Chapter 27: Disseminating Research Findings .................................................................................................... 263
Chapter 29: Seeking Funding For Research ........................................................................................................ 277
,Chapter 1: Discovering The World Of Nursing Research
Multiple Choice
1. Nurses With A Bachelor’s Degree In Nursing Can Participate In The Implementation Of
Evidence- Based Protocols In Practice. This Means That The Bsn Nurse
a. Develops Evidence-Based Guidelines
b. Designs Research Studies, On Which Protocols May Be Based
c. Evaluates And Revises Evidence-Based Protocols
d. Contributes Practice Wisdom When Applying Protocols In Patient Settings
e. Mentors Phd Researchers In The Clinical Setting During Protocol Development
Ans: D
Nurses With A Bsn Degree Have Knowledge Of The Research Process And Skills In
Reading And Critically Appraising Studies. They Assist With The Implementation Of
Evidence-Based Guidelines, Protocols, Algorithms, And Policies In Practice. This Implies
That Nurses Provide Their Point Of View, From The Clinician’s Vantage, When New
Protocols Are Being Put Into Practice, And Continue To Provide Feedback, Regarding The
Positive And Negative Aspects Of Those Protocols.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Analysis Ref: Page 4
2. Research Is Designed To Test The Idea Of Providing Companion Dogs To Elders In A Major
Hospital, In Order To Determine The Effect Upon The Elders’ Level Of Orientation. (The
Dogs’ Level Of Orientation Will Not Be A Focus Of The Research.) This Type Of Study Can
Do Which Of The Following?
a. Control
b. Describe
c. Explain
d. Predict
Ans: A
Control Is The Ability To Manipulate The Situation To Produce The Desired Outcome.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And,
Sometimes, The Relationships Among Them. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies The Reasons Why Certain Events Occur. The Ability To Estimate
The Probability Of A Specific Outcome In A Given Situation In Nursing Practice Is Known
As Prediction. The Researcher’s Focus Is On Predicting What Is Likely.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 13
3. A Researcher Wants To Find Out Whether Children With Autism Who Are Hospitalized On
A Pediatric Ward Will Require More Hours Of Nursing Care Than Average Children When
The Parents Or Caregivers Are Not Present. What Type Of Research Outcome Does This
Provide?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explantation
d. Prediction
, Ans: D
Control Is The Ability To Manipulate The Situation To Produce The Desired Outcome.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And,
Sometimes, The Relationships Among Them. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies The Reasons Why Certain Events Occur. The Ability To Estimate
The Probability Of A Specific Outcome In A Given Situation In Nursing Practice Is Known
As Prediction. The Researcher’s Focus Is On Predicting What Is Likely.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 16
4. A Researcher Who Desires To Determine The Cause-And-Effect Relationship Between
Requiring That All Children Under The Age Of 8 Will Ride In Special Care Harnesses And
The Subsequent Rate Of Children’s Spinal Cord Injury Will Consequently Utilize Which
Form Of Nursing Research?
a. Descriptive Research
b. Outcomes Research
c. Qualitative Research
d. Quantitative Research
Ans: D
Quantitative Research, The Most Frequently Used Method, Is A Formal, Objective,
Systematic Methodology To Describe Variables, Test Relationships, And Examine Cause-
And-Effect Interactions. Quantitative Research Includes Experimental Research, Which Is
The Method For Testing Cause-And-Effect Relationships Between And Among Specific
Variables. Qualitative Research Methods Are Used For Explaining Meanings And
Describing Experiences In Context. Descriptive Research Involves Identifying And
Understanding The Nature Of Phenomena And, Sometimes, The Relationships Among
Them. Outcomes Research Examines The End Result Of Care In Huge Populations, Most
Often Retrospectively, Using A Database.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 3
5. Despite The Presence Of An Intraventricular Drain, The Intracranial Pressure Of An Icu
Neuro Patient Remains Increased. The Nurse Recalibrates The Machine, Makes Sure The
Monitor Is On The Same Level As The Drain, Checks All Connections, And Then Notifies
The Physician, Who Comes To The Unit And Inserts A New Drain. What Type Of Reasoning
Prompts The Nurse To Recalibrate, Ensure Proper Placement, And Check Connections?
a. Abstract Reasoning
b. Concrete Thinking
c. Logistic Reasoning
d. Reality Testing
Ans: C
Logistic Reasoning Is Used To Break A Whole Into Parts That Can Be Carefully Examined.
Concrete Thinking Is Oriented Toward And Limited By Tangible Things Or By Events That
Are Observed And Experienced In Reality. Abstract Reasoning Is Oriented Toward The
Development Of An Idea Without Application To, Or Association With, A Particular
Instance. Reality Testing Is Used To Validate What Is Observed In The Empirical World.
Dif: Cognitive Level: Application Ref: Page 6
6. A Nurse With Considerable Clinical Expertise Develops A Policy For Managing Agitated
Patients In The Emergency Department. The Resultant Policy Emanates From
