HORTICULTURE TEST QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Early 20th Century - Answer-EARLY 20th CENTURY.
-Larger farms.
-Steam combustion engines.
-Increase use of fertilizers.
-Advanced plant breeding.
-Improved education.
After World War 2 - Answer-AFTER WORLD War 2.
-Green Revolution.
-Semi Dwarf Wheat variety which is rust resistant.
-Hybrid varieties adapted.
*Chemical fertilizer become the norm.
*Herbicides and insecticides become the norm.
Organic Movement - Answer-ORGANIC MOVEMENT.
-Evolved out of the 1960s.
-JI Rodale, founder of the Rodale Research Institute.
-Oregon passed first state organic guidelines in 1973.
-Effort by USDA to create organic certification in 1990.
-Official USDA certification in 2000.
Frederick Law Olmsted - Answer-FREDERICK LAW OLMSTED was the founder of
landscape architecture.
Lawn and shrubs - Answer-LAWN and SHRUBS. Come with rise of neighborhoods.
Lawns and the Mower - Answer-LAWN and the MOWER. Early seythe. 1830
Budding Mower. 1852 Horse Mower. 1898 Sickle Bar Mower. 1921 Reel Mower.
1933 Toro Golf Tractor. 1955 Swisher Mower.
Cool-Season Grasses - Answer-COOL-SEASON GRASSES.
-Most native to England.
-Fescue and Bluegrass.
Warm-Season Grasses - Answer-WARM-SEASON GRASSES.
-Bermuda has rapid growth, stolons, and rhizomes in the 1900s.
-Centipede grass from China.
-Zoysia grass from China.
Lawn as a standard - Answer-LAWN as a STANDARD.
-For garden clubs.
-For city ordinances.
-For turf industry.
, How did the lawn become such a big deal? - Answer-HOW did the LAWN BECOME
SUCH a big DEAL?
-Design aesthetic.
-Promoted by prominent designers.
-Invention of the lawn mower.
-Varieties of seed developed.
Environmental Issues of lawns. - Answer-ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES of LAWNS.
-Fertilizers.
-Pollution from power equipment.
-Pesticides.
-Waste recycling.
-Water consumption.
-Noise pollution.
Why are the origins of horticulture important? - Answer-THE ORIGINS OF
HORTICULTURE ARE IMPORTANT BECAUSE of loss of genetics and gene banks.
Alphonse de Candolle on the ORIGINS OF HORTICULTURE CROPS - Answer-
ALPHONSE de CANDOLLE.
-Swiss botanist wrote Origin of Cultivated plants.
-Beginning of crop geography.
-What evidence determines the origin of a crop.
Charles Darwin on the ORIGINS OF HORTICULTURE CROPS - Answer-CHARLES
DARWIN.
-British naturalist.
-Theories of evolution and natural selection.
-Believed all life on earth evolved through gradual change.
-Natural selection and specialization.
-Wrote On the Origin of Species.
Nicholas Vavilov on the ORIGINS OF HORTICULTURE CROPS - Answer-
NICHOLAS VAVILOV.
-Russian botanist.
-Foremost plant geographer of contemporary times.
-Theory of Centers of Origin of Cultivated Plants.
Theory of Centers of Origin - Answer-THEORY OF CENTERS OF ORIGIN.
-Center of diversity = center of origin.
-Plant species not uniform.
-Eight Primary world centers.
-Comprise small portion of earth.
South Mexican and Central American Origin Center - Answer-SOUTH MEXICAN
and CENTRAL AMERICAN CENTER.
-Grains and legumes = maize, common bean, lima bean, grain amaranth.
-Melon plants = malabar gourd, winter pumpkin, chayote.
-Fiber plants = cotton, cotton, henequen (sisal).
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Early 20th Century - Answer-EARLY 20th CENTURY.
-Larger farms.
-Steam combustion engines.
-Increase use of fertilizers.
-Advanced plant breeding.
-Improved education.
After World War 2 - Answer-AFTER WORLD War 2.
-Green Revolution.
-Semi Dwarf Wheat variety which is rust resistant.
-Hybrid varieties adapted.
*Chemical fertilizer become the norm.
*Herbicides and insecticides become the norm.
Organic Movement - Answer-ORGANIC MOVEMENT.
-Evolved out of the 1960s.
-JI Rodale, founder of the Rodale Research Institute.
-Oregon passed first state organic guidelines in 1973.
-Effort by USDA to create organic certification in 1990.
-Official USDA certification in 2000.
Frederick Law Olmsted - Answer-FREDERICK LAW OLMSTED was the founder of
landscape architecture.
Lawn and shrubs - Answer-LAWN and SHRUBS. Come with rise of neighborhoods.
Lawns and the Mower - Answer-LAWN and the MOWER. Early seythe. 1830
Budding Mower. 1852 Horse Mower. 1898 Sickle Bar Mower. 1921 Reel Mower.
1933 Toro Golf Tractor. 1955 Swisher Mower.
Cool-Season Grasses - Answer-COOL-SEASON GRASSES.
-Most native to England.
-Fescue and Bluegrass.
Warm-Season Grasses - Answer-WARM-SEASON GRASSES.
-Bermuda has rapid growth, stolons, and rhizomes in the 1900s.
-Centipede grass from China.
-Zoysia grass from China.
Lawn as a standard - Answer-LAWN as a STANDARD.
-For garden clubs.
-For city ordinances.
-For turf industry.
, How did the lawn become such a big deal? - Answer-HOW did the LAWN BECOME
SUCH a big DEAL?
-Design aesthetic.
-Promoted by prominent designers.
-Invention of the lawn mower.
-Varieties of seed developed.
Environmental Issues of lawns. - Answer-ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES of LAWNS.
-Fertilizers.
-Pollution from power equipment.
-Pesticides.
-Waste recycling.
-Water consumption.
-Noise pollution.
Why are the origins of horticulture important? - Answer-THE ORIGINS OF
HORTICULTURE ARE IMPORTANT BECAUSE of loss of genetics and gene banks.
Alphonse de Candolle on the ORIGINS OF HORTICULTURE CROPS - Answer-
ALPHONSE de CANDOLLE.
-Swiss botanist wrote Origin of Cultivated plants.
-Beginning of crop geography.
-What evidence determines the origin of a crop.
Charles Darwin on the ORIGINS OF HORTICULTURE CROPS - Answer-CHARLES
DARWIN.
-British naturalist.
-Theories of evolution and natural selection.
-Believed all life on earth evolved through gradual change.
-Natural selection and specialization.
-Wrote On the Origin of Species.
Nicholas Vavilov on the ORIGINS OF HORTICULTURE CROPS - Answer-
NICHOLAS VAVILOV.
-Russian botanist.
-Foremost plant geographer of contemporary times.
-Theory of Centers of Origin of Cultivated Plants.
Theory of Centers of Origin - Answer-THEORY OF CENTERS OF ORIGIN.
-Center of diversity = center of origin.
-Plant species not uniform.
-Eight Primary world centers.
-Comprise small portion of earth.
South Mexican and Central American Origin Center - Answer-SOUTH MEXICAN
and CENTRAL AMERICAN CENTER.
-Grains and legumes = maize, common bean, lima bean, grain amaranth.
-Melon plants = malabar gourd, winter pumpkin, chayote.
-Fiber plants = cotton, cotton, henequen (sisal).
