Amboss Surgery UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

Amboss Surgery UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Hypermagnesemia

-levels - CORRECT ANSWER - Mg > 2.2 - 2.4



3 broad etiologies of hyperMg - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. decreased elimination


2. increased intake


3. increased tissue breakdown


hyperMg etiology: decreased elimination

-4 causes - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. renal insufficiency 2/2 hypovolemia from vomiting,
diarrhea, or diuretics


2. addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency)


3. hypothyroidism


4. familial hypocalciuric hypoCa


hyperMg etiology: increased intake

-3 causes - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Mg therapy
-premature labor, eclampsia, cardiac arrhythmias


2. laxatives/antacids

, 3. supplements


hyperMg etiology: increased tissue breakdown

-2 causes - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. rhabdo


2. trauma
-surgeries
-burns


when is hyperMg symptomatic?

-3 body systems affected - CORRECT ANSWER - when levels > 4-5 mg/dL


1. GI
2. neuromuscular
3. cardiovascular


symptomatic hyperMg
-neuromuscular
-cardiovascular

-GI - CORRECT ANSWER - neuromuscular
-decreased DTR
-flaccid paralysis
-respiratory failure
-lethargy
-blurry vision


cardiovascular
-hypotension