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NCE: Research and Program Evaluation
Exam Questions And Answers |Latest 2025 |
Guaranteed Pass.
Research - Answer✔systematic process of collecting and analyzing data for some purpose
such as investigating a problem or answering a question
Evidence-based inquiry - Answer✔search for knowledge using empirical data which has
been gathered systematically
Inductive Research - Answer✔this research begins at the real world, practical level. It tends to
be
descriptive, correlational, or historical and leads to the building of theory.
Deductive Research - Answer✔this research springs from theory which is already established.
This research tries to determine what the relationships are between elements of the theory and
may be experimental in nature.
Survey - Answer✔this non-experimental design may occur through questionnaires, interviews,
etc. and is used to measure attitudes, perceptions, etc.
Descriptive - Answer✔this research simply describes an existing state of events. Numbers may
be used to characterize groups or individuals
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, ©BRIGHTSTARS 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 11:22 AM A+
Comparative - Answer✔this research method investigates whether there are differences
between two or more groups. There is no manipulation of conditions experienced by each
group
Correlational - Answer✔this research method uses the correlation coefficient to determine the
degree of relationship between two or more variables or phenomena.
Ex Post Facto - Answer✔Also called causal-comparative, this research design studies possible
causal relationships among variables after the fact
True Experiment - Answer✔This research is characterized by the use of experimental and
control groups with random assignment to each.
Quasi-Experiment - Answer✔This research is similar to experimental research except that
randomization of subjects to treatment and control groups is not possible. It may be that no
control or comparison group is available
Qualitative - Answer✔Research type that emphasizes gathering data about naturally occurring
phenomena (individual's and groups' living experiences) and events. Data collection may be in
terms of words rather than numbers.
Mixed-method research designs - Answer✔These designs combine quantitative and qualitative
methods in the same research effort. The researcher retains the flexibility to use both types of
designs. Typically, the designs are used sequentially.
Single-subject design - Answer✔research design that studies the effects of a program or
treatment on an individual or group treated as an individual, usually after a baseline has been
established
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, ©BRIGHTSTARS 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 11:22 AM A+
Action Research - Answer✔research conducted in an attempt to improve services or a program.
This research may often be viewed as having an evaluative function
Pilot Study - Answer✔a small-scale research effort often used to determine the
feasibility of a large scale effort with emphasis on refining procedures and instrumentation
Longitudinal Research - Answer✔consists of collecting data from the same group of
individuals over a period of time. This is also called a panel study
Cross-sectional research - Answer✔consists of collecting data from different groups at
the same time and examining these differences.
Meta-analysis - Answer✔research comparing findings across studies, i.e., the results of many
studies are examined simultaneously and one or more research questions answered
Internal Validity - Answer✔validity determined by the extent to which extraneous variables
have been controlled.
Instrumentation - Answer✔differences in results between two or more groups may be due to
instruments which are unreliable or because the instruments are changed during the study
Maturation - Answer✔results may be due to maturational or other changes in the subjects and
not due to the treatment being applied. This is especially important if research data is gathered
over a long period of time
Mortality or Attrition - Answer✔losing subjects during the study could lead to different results
than if everyone had stayed. Subjects with the most or least amount of important
characteristics to the study may be the ones dropping out
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NCE: Research and Program Evaluation
Exam Questions And Answers |Latest 2025 |
Guaranteed Pass.
Research - Answer✔systematic process of collecting and analyzing data for some purpose
such as investigating a problem or answering a question
Evidence-based inquiry - Answer✔search for knowledge using empirical data which has
been gathered systematically
Inductive Research - Answer✔this research begins at the real world, practical level. It tends to
be
descriptive, correlational, or historical and leads to the building of theory.
Deductive Research - Answer✔this research springs from theory which is already established.
This research tries to determine what the relationships are between elements of the theory and
may be experimental in nature.
Survey - Answer✔this non-experimental design may occur through questionnaires, interviews,
etc. and is used to measure attitudes, perceptions, etc.
Descriptive - Answer✔this research simply describes an existing state of events. Numbers may
be used to characterize groups or individuals
1|P a g e
, ©BRIGHTSTARS 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 11:22 AM A+
Comparative - Answer✔this research method investigates whether there are differences
between two or more groups. There is no manipulation of conditions experienced by each
group
Correlational - Answer✔this research method uses the correlation coefficient to determine the
degree of relationship between two or more variables or phenomena.
Ex Post Facto - Answer✔Also called causal-comparative, this research design studies possible
causal relationships among variables after the fact
True Experiment - Answer✔This research is characterized by the use of experimental and
control groups with random assignment to each.
Quasi-Experiment - Answer✔This research is similar to experimental research except that
randomization of subjects to treatment and control groups is not possible. It may be that no
control or comparison group is available
Qualitative - Answer✔Research type that emphasizes gathering data about naturally occurring
phenomena (individual's and groups' living experiences) and events. Data collection may be in
terms of words rather than numbers.
Mixed-method research designs - Answer✔These designs combine quantitative and qualitative
methods in the same research effort. The researcher retains the flexibility to use both types of
designs. Typically, the designs are used sequentially.
Single-subject design - Answer✔research design that studies the effects of a program or
treatment on an individual or group treated as an individual, usually after a baseline has been
established
2|P a g e
, ©BRIGHTSTARS 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 11:22 AM A+
Action Research - Answer✔research conducted in an attempt to improve services or a program.
This research may often be viewed as having an evaluative function
Pilot Study - Answer✔a small-scale research effort often used to determine the
feasibility of a large scale effort with emphasis on refining procedures and instrumentation
Longitudinal Research - Answer✔consists of collecting data from the same group of
individuals over a period of time. This is also called a panel study
Cross-sectional research - Answer✔consists of collecting data from different groups at
the same time and examining these differences.
Meta-analysis - Answer✔research comparing findings across studies, i.e., the results of many
studies are examined simultaneously and one or more research questions answered
Internal Validity - Answer✔validity determined by the extent to which extraneous variables
have been controlled.
Instrumentation - Answer✔differences in results between two or more groups may be due to
instruments which are unreliable or because the instruments are changed during the study
Maturation - Answer✔results may be due to maturational or other changes in the subjects and
not due to the treatment being applied. This is especially important if research data is gathered
over a long period of time
Mortality or Attrition - Answer✔losing subjects during the study could lead to different results
than if everyone had stayed. Subjects with the most or least amount of important
characteristics to the study may be the ones dropping out
3|P a g e
