Quaternary amines
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Always charged
Type IV Allergy
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Cell-mediated, delayed hypersensitivity
Common skin reaction that occurs 24 to 48 hrs after drug contact with skin
Type C ADRs-cumulative effects from chronic use
Example: Chronic corticosteroid use
Dose-related and time-related
Treatment is to reduce dose or withdraw med
Type D reactions
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Delayed ADR that is not apparent for some time after the drug is taken.
Teratogens
Effects may be seen at or before birth
Effects may manifest years later
Carcinogens
May be due to activation of oncogenes or inactivation of suppressor genes
Genetic testing and Carbamazepine in Asian Patients
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High risk of developing Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal
necrolysis
FDA labeled recommending testing for the HLA-B*1502 allele prior to
prescribing
PH of stomach
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Manipulates base or acid of drug
The role of P-glycoprotein
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Membrane-bound transport system responsible for drug transport across
cell membranes
Folic acid-folate
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Critical to production and maintenance of new cells
Green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and dried legumes
400mcg/day recommended for childbearing teens and women
600mcg/day recommended for pregnant women
vegan or lacto-ovo-vegetarian
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Multivitamin/mineral supplement
60mg/day iron
and B12 recommended
Give this one a try later!
Always charged
Type IV Allergy
,Give this one a try later!
Cell-mediated, delayed hypersensitivity
Common skin reaction that occurs 24 to 48 hrs after drug contact with skin
Type C ADRs-cumulative effects from chronic use
Example: Chronic corticosteroid use
Dose-related and time-related
Treatment is to reduce dose or withdraw med
Type D reactions
Give this one a try later!
Delayed ADR that is not apparent for some time after the drug is taken.
Teratogens
Effects may be seen at or before birth
Effects may manifest years later
Carcinogens
May be due to activation of oncogenes or inactivation of suppressor genes
Genetic testing and Carbamazepine in Asian Patients
Give this one a try later!
High risk of developing Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal
necrolysis
FDA labeled recommending testing for the HLA-B*1502 allele prior to
prescribing
PH of stomach
, Give this one a try later!
Manipulates base or acid of drug
The role of P-glycoprotein
Give this one a try later!
Membrane-bound transport system responsible for drug transport across
cell membranes
Folic acid-folate
Give this one a try later!
Critical to production and maintenance of new cells
Green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and dried legumes
400mcg/day recommended for childbearing teens and women
600mcg/day recommended for pregnant women
vegan or lacto-ovo-vegetarian
Give this one a try later!
Multivitamin/mineral supplement
60mg/day iron
and B12 recommended
