PORTAGE LEARNING: MICROBIOLOGY
MODULE 1 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
MicrobiologyAisAtheAstudyAofAwhat?A-AcorrectAanswers-
MicrobiologyAisAtheAstudyAofAmicrobesA(microorganismsAandAviruses)AandAtheirAbiologicalA
processes.
WhatAisAtheAsmallestAbiologicalAunitAofAlife?A-AcorrectAanswers-AACell
WhatAisAaAmacromolecule?A-AcorrectAanswers-
AAmacromoleculeAisAclassifiedAasAaAcomplexAmoleculeAthatAisAcomposedAfromAsmallerAsu
bunits.
WhatAareAtheAfourAmainAtypesAofAmacromolecules?A-AcorrectAanswers-
1.ACarbohydrates
2.ALipids
3.AProteins
4.ANucleicAAcids
WhatAvariousAfunctionsAdoAproteinsAhaveAinAaAcell?A-AcorrectAanswers-
ProteinsAmayAfacilitateAtheAmovementAofAmaterialsAinAorAoutAofAaAcell.ASomeAcanAactAasAen
zymesAthatAcatalyze,AorAspeedAup,AbiochemicalAprocesses.AOthersAplayAaAstructuralAroleA
whileAotherAproteins,AsuchAasAfilaments,AenableAmovement.
WhatAareAtheAtwoAmajorAtypesAofAnucleicAacidsAandAtheirAroles?A-AcorrectAanswers-
ThereAareAtwoAmajorAtypesAofAnucleicAacids:ADNAA(deoxyribonucleicAacid)AandARNAA(ribo
nucleicAacid).ANucleicAacidsAareAchemicalAmoleculesAthatAcarryAgeneticAinformationAwithin
AtheAcell.ADNAAcontainsAaAvastAamountAofAhereditaryAinformationAandAisAresponsibleAforAth
eAinheritableAcharacteristicsAofAlivingAorganisms.ARNAAisAresponsibleAforAdecipheringAtheA
hereditaryAinformationAinADNAAandAusingAitAtoAsynthesizeAproteins.
WhatAisAtheAplasmaAmembrane,AandAwhatAisAitAmadeAupAof?A-AcorrectAanswers-
TheAplasmaAmembraneAservesAtheAcellAasAaAsurroundingAbarrierAthatAseparatesAtheAinsid
eAofAtheAcellAfromAtheAoutsideAsurroundingAenvironment.ATheAplasmaAmembraneAalsoArest
rictsAtheAmovementAofAmaterialsA(water,Anutrients,Aetc)AeitherAinAorAoutAofAtheAcell,AthusAall
owingAaAcellsAtoAabsorbAandAkeepAwhatAisAneededA(influx)AwhileAalsoApreventingAtheAesca
peA(outAflux)AofAessentialAnutrients.ATheAplasmaAmembraneAisAcomposedAofAlipidsA(hydrop
hobicAhydrocarbons).
WhatAareAtheAthreeAmainAcomponentsAofApolysaccharides?A-AcorrectAanswers-
PolysaccharidesAareAcomposedAofAcarbon,AhydrogenAandAoxygenAatoms.AExamplesAwoul
dAinclude,AC6H12O6A(glucose)AC12H22O11A(sucrose)AandAC6H10O5A(cellulose).
WhatAisAtheAprimaryAdifferenceAbetweenAprokaryoticAandAeukaryoticAcells?A-
AcorrectAanswers-
EukaryoticAcellsAcontainAaAnucleus,AaAmembraneAenclosedAregionAwithinAtheAcellAthatAcont
ainsAtheAgeneticAmaterial.AProkaryoticAcellsAdoAnotAhaveAaAnucleusAandAcanAbeAfurtherAcla
ssifiedAasAeitherABacteriaAorAArchaea.
WhatAareAtheAmainAmorphologiesAofAbacteria?A-AcorrectAanswers-
BacteriaAcanAbeAdescribedAasAcoccusA(round/spherical),AbacillusA(rod),AvibrioA(curvedArod)
AorAspirillumA(spiral/corkscrew).
MODULE 1 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
MicrobiologyAisAtheAstudyAofAwhat?A-AcorrectAanswers-
MicrobiologyAisAtheAstudyAofAmicrobesA(microorganismsAandAviruses)AandAtheirAbiologicalA
processes.
WhatAisAtheAsmallestAbiologicalAunitAofAlife?A-AcorrectAanswers-AACell
WhatAisAaAmacromolecule?A-AcorrectAanswers-
AAmacromoleculeAisAclassifiedAasAaAcomplexAmoleculeAthatAisAcomposedAfromAsmallerAsu
bunits.
WhatAareAtheAfourAmainAtypesAofAmacromolecules?A-AcorrectAanswers-
1.ACarbohydrates
2.ALipids
3.AProteins
4.ANucleicAAcids
WhatAvariousAfunctionsAdoAproteinsAhaveAinAaAcell?A-AcorrectAanswers-
ProteinsAmayAfacilitateAtheAmovementAofAmaterialsAinAorAoutAofAaAcell.ASomeAcanAactAasAen
zymesAthatAcatalyze,AorAspeedAup,AbiochemicalAprocesses.AOthersAplayAaAstructuralAroleA
whileAotherAproteins,AsuchAasAfilaments,AenableAmovement.
WhatAareAtheAtwoAmajorAtypesAofAnucleicAacidsAandAtheirAroles?A-AcorrectAanswers-
ThereAareAtwoAmajorAtypesAofAnucleicAacids:ADNAA(deoxyribonucleicAacid)AandARNAA(ribo
nucleicAacid).ANucleicAacidsAareAchemicalAmoleculesAthatAcarryAgeneticAinformationAwithin
AtheAcell.ADNAAcontainsAaAvastAamountAofAhereditaryAinformationAandAisAresponsibleAforAth
eAinheritableAcharacteristicsAofAlivingAorganisms.ARNAAisAresponsibleAforAdecipheringAtheA
hereditaryAinformationAinADNAAandAusingAitAtoAsynthesizeAproteins.
WhatAisAtheAplasmaAmembrane,AandAwhatAisAitAmadeAupAof?A-AcorrectAanswers-
TheAplasmaAmembraneAservesAtheAcellAasAaAsurroundingAbarrierAthatAseparatesAtheAinsid
eAofAtheAcellAfromAtheAoutsideAsurroundingAenvironment.ATheAplasmaAmembraneAalsoArest
rictsAtheAmovementAofAmaterialsA(water,Anutrients,Aetc)AeitherAinAorAoutAofAtheAcell,AthusAall
owingAaAcellsAtoAabsorbAandAkeepAwhatAisAneededA(influx)AwhileAalsoApreventingAtheAesca
peA(outAflux)AofAessentialAnutrients.ATheAplasmaAmembraneAisAcomposedAofAlipidsA(hydrop
hobicAhydrocarbons).
WhatAareAtheAthreeAmainAcomponentsAofApolysaccharides?A-AcorrectAanswers-
PolysaccharidesAareAcomposedAofAcarbon,AhydrogenAandAoxygenAatoms.AExamplesAwoul
dAinclude,AC6H12O6A(glucose)AC12H22O11A(sucrose)AandAC6H10O5A(cellulose).
WhatAisAtheAprimaryAdifferenceAbetweenAprokaryoticAandAeukaryoticAcells?A-
AcorrectAanswers-
EukaryoticAcellsAcontainAaAnucleus,AaAmembraneAenclosedAregionAwithinAtheAcellAthatAcont
ainsAtheAgeneticAmaterial.AProkaryoticAcellsAdoAnotAhaveAaAnucleusAandAcanAbeAfurtherAcla
ssifiedAasAeitherABacteriaAorAArchaea.
WhatAareAtheAmainAmorphologiesAofAbacteria?A-AcorrectAanswers-
BacteriaAcanAbeAdescribedAasAcoccusA(round/spherical),AbacillusA(rod),AvibrioA(curvedArod)
AorAspirillumA(spiral/corkscrew).