Nr 293 Pharmacology Final Exam
With Verified Answers Latest 2025
Describe the movement of fluids with the administration of hypertonic solutions. -
ANSWER✅ From the intracellular space into the extracellular space → volume expansion
What are indications for the use of 3% NaCl - ANSWER✅ severe hyponatremia, cerebral
edema
What are colloids? What can they be used for? - ANSWER✅ solutions that contain large
molecules that don't pass the cell membrane; expansion of the intravascular volume \
Parkland formula for burns - ANSWER✅ 4ml x kg x %BSA (1/2 vol in first 8 hours, last
1/2 over next 16 hours)
What testosterone derivative is associated with pregnancy CI, thromboembolic events,
hepatic tumor/effects? - ANSWER✅ danazol
Abuse of testosterone derivatives in young athletes can result in what? - ANSWER✅
premature closing of growth plate
What is the MOA of H2 receptor antagonists? - ANSWER✅ reduce gastric acid secretion
,Cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine, and nizatidine belong to what drug class? - ANSWER✅
H2 receptor blockers
What is the most common effect associated with the use of H2 receptor blockers? -
ANSWER✅ headache
What is the maximum length of use of H2 receptor blockers? - ANSWER✅ 14 days
Potassium deficit calculation - ANSWER✅ Goal K+ - serum K+
How much will 10 mEq of KCl raise serum potassium - ANSWER✅ 0.1 mEq/L
What form of magnesium chloride should be given in an asymptomatic patient? -
ANSWER✅ PO
What should be added to calcium gluconate in the treatment of patients with
hypoparathyroidism? - ANSWER✅ Vitamin D
What are indications for administration of packed red blood cells? - ANSWER✅ acute
hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability, acute anemia with inadequate O2 delivery
,What are indications for administration of platelets? - ANSWER✅ acute bleeding, prep for
invasive procedure, prevention of spontaneous bleeding, tx of ITP, TTP, liver disease, DIC,
chemo or leukemia
Which of the following is a complication of administration of ALL blood products?
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
Delayed hemolytic transfusion rxn
Allergic reaction
All of the above - ANSWER✅ all of the above
True or false. PDE-5 do not function without stimulation. - ANSWER✅ True
What is the MOA of PDE-5 inhibitors? - ANSWER✅ prevent degradation of cGMP
increasing blood flow to corpus cavernous
Avanafil, sildenafil, tadalafil and verdenafil belong to what class of medication? -
ANSWER✅ PDE-5 inhibitors
Which of the following PDE-5 inhibitors has the longest duration of action? - ANSWER✅
tadalafil
Which of the following PDE-5 inhibitors has the quickest onset of action? - ANSWER✅
avanafil
, Which PDE-5 inhibitors has interactions with fatty foods? - ANSWER✅ sildenafil,
vardenafil
PDE-5 inhibitors should be cautioned in what conditions? - ANSWER✅ penile deformity, hx
of priapism, renal or hepatic impairment, heart disease, smoking, alcohol use
An erection lasting longer than how long requires medical intervention? - ANSWER✅ 4
hours (priapism)
What is the treatment of priapism? - ANSWER✅ phenylephrine or norepinephrine
What is the MOA of prostaglandin E1 drugs? - ANSWER✅ relaxation of smooth muscle →
increase blood flow
Which of the following drugs is a PGE1 drug? - ANSWER✅ alprostadil
What education should be given to men taking alprostadil? - ANSWER✅ Wear a condom
when having intercourse with pregnant women
Which alpha-1 adrenergic agonist is prostate selective? - ANSWER✅ a1A
Doxazosin, terazosin, silodosin, and tamsulosin belong to what class of medication? -
ANSWER✅ alpha-1 adrenergic agonists
With Verified Answers Latest 2025
Describe the movement of fluids with the administration of hypertonic solutions. -
ANSWER✅ From the intracellular space into the extracellular space → volume expansion
What are indications for the use of 3% NaCl - ANSWER✅ severe hyponatremia, cerebral
edema
What are colloids? What can they be used for? - ANSWER✅ solutions that contain large
molecules that don't pass the cell membrane; expansion of the intravascular volume \
Parkland formula for burns - ANSWER✅ 4ml x kg x %BSA (1/2 vol in first 8 hours, last
1/2 over next 16 hours)
What testosterone derivative is associated with pregnancy CI, thromboembolic events,
hepatic tumor/effects? - ANSWER✅ danazol
Abuse of testosterone derivatives in young athletes can result in what? - ANSWER✅
premature closing of growth plate
What is the MOA of H2 receptor antagonists? - ANSWER✅ reduce gastric acid secretion
,Cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine, and nizatidine belong to what drug class? - ANSWER✅
H2 receptor blockers
What is the most common effect associated with the use of H2 receptor blockers? -
ANSWER✅ headache
What is the maximum length of use of H2 receptor blockers? - ANSWER✅ 14 days
Potassium deficit calculation - ANSWER✅ Goal K+ - serum K+
How much will 10 mEq of KCl raise serum potassium - ANSWER✅ 0.1 mEq/L
What form of magnesium chloride should be given in an asymptomatic patient? -
ANSWER✅ PO
What should be added to calcium gluconate in the treatment of patients with
hypoparathyroidism? - ANSWER✅ Vitamin D
What are indications for administration of packed red blood cells? - ANSWER✅ acute
hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability, acute anemia with inadequate O2 delivery
,What are indications for administration of platelets? - ANSWER✅ acute bleeding, prep for
invasive procedure, prevention of spontaneous bleeding, tx of ITP, TTP, liver disease, DIC,
chemo or leukemia
Which of the following is a complication of administration of ALL blood products?
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
Delayed hemolytic transfusion rxn
Allergic reaction
All of the above - ANSWER✅ all of the above
True or false. PDE-5 do not function without stimulation. - ANSWER✅ True
What is the MOA of PDE-5 inhibitors? - ANSWER✅ prevent degradation of cGMP
increasing blood flow to corpus cavernous
Avanafil, sildenafil, tadalafil and verdenafil belong to what class of medication? -
ANSWER✅ PDE-5 inhibitors
Which of the following PDE-5 inhibitors has the longest duration of action? - ANSWER✅
tadalafil
Which of the following PDE-5 inhibitors has the quickest onset of action? - ANSWER✅
avanafil
, Which PDE-5 inhibitors has interactions with fatty foods? - ANSWER✅ sildenafil,
vardenafil
PDE-5 inhibitors should be cautioned in what conditions? - ANSWER✅ penile deformity, hx
of priapism, renal or hepatic impairment, heart disease, smoking, alcohol use
An erection lasting longer than how long requires medical intervention? - ANSWER✅ 4
hours (priapism)
What is the treatment of priapism? - ANSWER✅ phenylephrine or norepinephrine
What is the MOA of prostaglandin E1 drugs? - ANSWER✅ relaxation of smooth muscle →
increase blood flow
Which of the following drugs is a PGE1 drug? - ANSWER✅ alprostadil
What education should be given to men taking alprostadil? - ANSWER✅ Wear a condom
when having intercourse with pregnant women
Which alpha-1 adrenergic agonist is prostate selective? - ANSWER✅ a1A
Doxazosin, terazosin, silodosin, and tamsulosin belong to what class of medication? -
ANSWER✅ alpha-1 adrenergic agonists
