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Samenvatting: Occlusieleer (gebitsontwikkeling) - Hein De Backer

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Dit is een volledige samenvatting van het deel occlusieleer van Hein De Backer.

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Uploaded on
March 15, 2025
Number of pages
24
Written in
2024/2025
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Gebitsontwikkeling: Occlusie en
bewegingsleer van het kauwstelsel
Inhoud
1. Statistische en centrische occlusale verhoudingen .............................................. 3
1.1 Neuromusculaire fysiologie ......................................................................... 3
1.2 Tanden en tandbogen.................................................................................. 5
1.2.1 Tanden ................................................................................................ 5
1.2.2 Tandbogen .......................................................................................... 6
1.2.3 Referentievlakken en lijnen ................................................................... 6
1.2.4 Laterale of saggitale relatie tussen maxilla en mandibula ....................... 8
1.3 Statistische contactverhoudingen tussen maxilla en mandibula .................... 9
1.4 Eccentrische of dynamische contactverhoudingen: articulatie .................... 10
1.4.1 Articulatiepatroon: groepencontact .................................................... 11
1.4.2 Articulatiepatroon: hoektandgeleiding ................................................ 11
1.5 Occlusieconcepten .................................................................................. 11
1.6 Epidemiologie .......................................................................................... 12
2. Grensbewegingen van de mandibula & determinanten van de occlusale morfologie
13
2.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................... 13
2.2 Situatie van de grensbewegingen ............................................................... 13
2.3 Grafische voorstellingen van de grensbewegingen per vlak .......................... 14
2.3.1 Projectie op het sagittale of mediane vlak ............................................ 14
2.3.2 Projectie op het frontale vlak .............................................................. 15
2.3.3 Projectie op het horizontale vlak ......................................................... 16
2.4 Determinanten van de occlusale morfologie / vorm-functierelaties .............. 17
2.4.1 Determinanten voor verplaatsingen van de onderkaak in occlusie in het
horizontale vlak ............................................................................................... 18
2.4.2 Determinanten voor verplaatsingen van de onderkaak in occlusie in het
frontale vlak .................................................................................................... 18
2.4.3 Determinanten voor verplaatsingen van de onderkaak in occlusie in het
saggitale vlak .................................................................................................. 19

1

,3. Verticale dimensie in de occlusie en rusthoogte & orthofunctie van het kauwstelsel
20
3.1 Definities ................................................................................................. 20
3.2 Veranderingen in VDO en rustpositie .......................................................... 21
3.2.1 Verticale dimensie in occlusie ............................................................ 21
3.2.2 De rustpositie .................................................................................... 21
3.3 Orthofuncties van het kauwstelsel ............................................................. 23
3.3.1 Afbijten ............................................................................................. 23
3.3.2 Kauwen ............................................................................................. 23
3.3.3 Slikken .............................................................................................. 24
3.3.4 Fonetiek (uiten van klanken) ..................................................................... 24
3.3.5 Mimiek/gelaatsexpressie ......................................................................... 24




2

, 1. Statistische en centrische occlusale verhoudingen
1.1 Neuromusculaire fysiologie
Kauwstelsel = verhoudingen tussen vast gedeelte (maxilla) en bewegend gedeelte
(mandibula)

Onderkaakposities worden bepaald door: tanden, kaakgewrichten, ligamenten en
kauwspieren
- Thv kaakgewricht: kaakrelaties
- Thv de tanden: posities met of zonder tandcontacten
• Occlusie of statisch contact (sluiten van de mond)
• Articulatie of dynamisch contact (sluiten na verplaatsen)

K: kaakkopje
F: Fossa
D: discus (kraakbenig gedeelte)
E: enimentia
P: m. pterygoideus lateralis


1) Neurologische (musculaire) kenmerken
• spieren: dwarsgestreept (pees) / willekeurig (bewuste controle)
• isotonisch of isometrisch contraheren: met gelijke kracht of gelijke lengte (m.
masseter: openen vs klemmen)
• spier → spierbundels → myofibrillen of spiervezels

Kauwpsieren:
• m. masseter
• m. temporalis
• m. pterygoideus medialis
• m. pterygoideus lateralis
• suprahyoidale spieren (tongbeen of hyoid): digastricus, mylohyoideus,
stylohyoideus




Neuronen of zenuwcellen: verwerken neurologische informatie, overal in lichaam
aanwezig

Bestaan uit: cellichaam & zenuwvezels of dendrieten

- Afferente vezels: ontvangen info, sturen door à centraal zenuwstelsel
3
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