ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy
Certificate / Lesson 1: (Foundations to Set the Stage Focusing on Cellular
Structure and Function)
Terms in this set (135)
The Normal Cell Cycle -The cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of processes of
DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and
processing complexes molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Cell division produces two identical cells through these two
Phase major phases
Cell grows and DNA is replicated through the following three
steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
During interphase:
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or -cells increase in size
first gap)
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis
DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
,Synthesis Phase (S phase) -DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA
(chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) -Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and move into 2
new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
-G1 checkpoint
Major points of cell -S Phase
regulation are entry and exit
from -G2 checkpoint
-M phase
Restriction Point -The transition from the resting phase into an actively dividing
phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition phase known as a
restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into G1, and
GF are required to send the cells past the restriction
point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) -After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1 phase or go
into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
, -Exceptions to this are -Exceptions to this are those that are metabollically active, such
those that are (Resting in as
G0 phase)
-granulocytes
-and the epithelium of the GI tract
Cell Cycling Time Amount of time from mitosis to mitosis
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/s
Cell cycle video and image tudent_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_cycle_
works.html
Check points in the Cell -The cell cycle is carefully controlled through a series of
Cycle: Keeping it All checkpoints
Under Control
-Variation in duplication or distribution of chromosomes
during cell division can alter the genetic information passed
on to daughter cells, leading to cellular dysfunction and
disease, such as cancer
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and control
progression through mitosis
Progression through the 1. cyclines (D, E, A, B)
cell cycle is controlled
through two proteins:
2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress through each
phase of the cell cycle
Certificate / Lesson 1: (Foundations to Set the Stage Focusing on Cellular
Structure and Function)
Terms in this set (135)
The Normal Cell Cycle -The cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of processes of
DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and
processing complexes molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Cell division produces two identical cells through these two
Phase major phases
Cell grows and DNA is replicated through the following three
steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
During interphase:
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or -cells increase in size
first gap)
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis
DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
,Synthesis Phase (S phase) -DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA
(chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) -Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and move into 2
new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
-G1 checkpoint
Major points of cell -S Phase
regulation are entry and exit
from -G2 checkpoint
-M phase
Restriction Point -The transition from the resting phase into an actively dividing
phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition phase known as a
restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into G1, and
GF are required to send the cells past the restriction
point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) -After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1 phase or go
into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
, -Exceptions to this are -Exceptions to this are those that are metabollically active, such
those that are (Resting in as
G0 phase)
-granulocytes
-and the epithelium of the GI tract
Cell Cycling Time Amount of time from mitosis to mitosis
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/s
Cell cycle video and image tudent_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_cycle_
works.html
Check points in the Cell -The cell cycle is carefully controlled through a series of
Cycle: Keeping it All checkpoints
Under Control
-Variation in duplication or distribution of chromosomes
during cell division can alter the genetic information passed
on to daughter cells, leading to cellular dysfunction and
disease, such as cancer
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and control
progression through mitosis
Progression through the 1. cyclines (D, E, A, B)
cell cycle is controlled
through two proteins:
2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress through each
phase of the cell cycle
