Goal - Answers a desired future state that the organization attempts to realize
Plan - Answers blueprint for goal achievement and specifies the necessary resource allocation schedules,
tasks and other actions.
Levels of Goals and plans
(highest to lowest) - Answers 1. Mission statement
2. Strategic goals/plans(senior, whole org.)
3. Tactical goals(middle, major divisions)
4.Operational goals(Lower,departments, individuals)
Purpose of goals and plans - Answers motivations and commitment
guide to resource allocation
Guides actions
rational for decisions
establishes standards of performance.
The organizational Planning - Answers 1. Develop the plan
2. Translate the plan
3. plan operations
4. execute the plan
5. monitor and learn
Organizational mission - Answers the organizations reason for existence
Strategic goals - Answers official goals, broad statements describing the organizations future (what and
why)
The organizations goals may be both - Answers quantitative and qualitative
seven steps to success - Answers 1. write down what you want
2. put date of expected completion
3. identify obstacles to overcome
, 4. Spell out ppl you have to work with
5. identify what you need to know
6. write down plan of action
7. write down why
Means-end-chain - Answers achievement of goals at lower levels permits the attainment of high level
goal
strategic plans(how) - Answers action steps toward strategic goals 5 to 50 years
Tactical goals (how) - Answers designed to help execute strategic plans. 1 year or less
Operational goals and plans - Answers specific and measurable
guide efficient and effective performance.
Management by Objective (MbO) - Answers method for defining and monitoring goals.
MBO benefits - Answers more motivation
better understanding of how role fits into function of the whole org.
MBO limitations - Answers bad relationships
resources are needed
too focused on individual goals
strategic thinking - Answers long term view
see big picture
formal planning process
strategic management - Answers define explicit strategy/plan of action(exploit your strength)
exploit core competencies
build synergy
deliver value
1. build synergy
2. deliver value - Answers 1. joint effort to gain special advantage
2. combo of benefits and costs