2024_OCR: A Level History A Y102/01: Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest 1035–1107 (Merged Question Paper & Marking Scheme)

2024_OCR: A Level History A Y102/01: Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest 1035–1107 (Merged Question Paper & Marking Scheme) Key Areas to Revise 1. Anglo-Saxon England Before 1066 Focus on the political, social, and economic structure of Anglo Saxon England before the Norman Conquest. Study the role of the monarchy, the system of governance, and the structure of society. Examine the position of the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy, the church, and the influence of local and regional power dynamics in England during the early 11th century. 2. The Death of Cnut and the Succession Crisis (1035–1066) Analyze the events following the death of King Cnut in 1035, focusing on the succession crisis that arose. Study the competing claims to the throne from Cnut’s sons Harold Harefoot and Harthacanute, and the eventual election of Edward the Confessor. Explore the role of key figures like Godwin, Earl of Wessex, and the impact of dynastic struggles on Anglo-Saxon politics. 3. Edward the Confessor’s Reign (1042–1066) Study Edward the Confessor’s reign, focusing on his relationship with the nobility, particularly the powerful Godwin family. Examine the challenges Edward faced in maintaining control over his kingdom, including disputes with the Godwins and his reliance on Norman advisors. Explore the role of religion and the building of Westminster Abbey during his reign, as well as the significance of Edward's childless rule and his death in 1066. 4. The Norman Claim to the English Throne Examine the background to the Norman claim to the throne of England, focusing on William, Duke of Normandy, and his relationship with Edward the Confessor. Study the events that led to William’s claim, including his alleged promise of succession and the role of Harold Godwinson’s oath of allegiance to William. Understand the political and dynastic implications of this claim. 5. Harold Godwinson and the Battle of Hastings (1066) Focus on the events of 1066, a pivotal year in English history. Study the succession crisis following Edward’s death and the competing claims to the throne, including Harold Godwinson’s coronation as King of England. Analyze the Battle of Hastings, including the tactics, leadership, and significance of Harold’s defeat by William the Conqueror, which led to the Norman Conquest. 6. The Harrying of the North (1069–1070) Examine the devastating impact of the Harrying of the North, a brutal campaign led by William to quell resistance in northern England. Study the causes of the rebellion, the tactics used by William, and the long-term consequences for the Anglo-Saxon population in the north, including the widespread destruction of land and loss of life. 7. The Domesday Book (1086) Study the creation and significance of the Domesday Book, commissioned by William to survey and assess land ownership and resources across England. Examine how the survey was conducted, its role in consolidating Norman control over England, and its importance as a historical source for understanding medieval England's economy, society, and landholding patterns. 8. William I’s Legacy and the Early Norman Kings Analyze the legacy of William the Conqueror in the context of English governance and society. Focus on his administrative reforms, the establishment of Norman nobility, and the integration of Norman and Anglo-Saxon traditions. Study the reigns of his successors, particularly William II (Rufus) and Henry I, and how they continued or adapted William’s policies in consolidating Norman power. Friday 7 June 2024 – Afternoon A Level History A Y102/01 Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest 1035 1107 Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes You must have: • the OCR 12-page Answer Booklet Oxford Cambridge and RSA INSTRUCTIONS • Use black ink. • Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown. • Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet. • Answer Question 1 in Section A. Answer either Question 2 or Question 3 in Section B. INFORMATION • The total mark for this paper is 50. • The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ]. • Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*). • This document has 4 pages. ADVICE • Read each question carefully before you start your answer. © OCR 2024 [F/506/4252] DC (ST) 344403 OCR is an exempt Charity Turn over ** 2 Section A Norman England 1087–1107 Study the four sources and answer Question 1. 1 ‘Ranulf Flambard played the key role in William II’s government.’ Use the four sources in their historical context to assess how far they support this view. Source A: An English chronicler explains how William II governed England. [30] William was very harsh and severe over his land and very formidable. Through the advice of evil men and through his own greed, he was ever wearying this nation with an army and with unjust taxes. God’s Church he humbled and all the bishoprics and abbacies whose holders died in his days, he either sold or held in his own hands and let for a certain sum. On the day he died, he had in his own hands the archbishopric of Canterbury, the bishopric of Winchester and that of Salisbury and eleven abbacies. All that was loathsome to God and righteous men was customary in this land in his reign. Anglo‑ Saxon Chronicle, 1100. Source B: A chronicler gives an account of the ambitions of Odo of Bayeux. Odo of Bayeux came to England and received from the king the earldom of Kent. But he saw that everything in the kingdom was not managed at his own pleasure as formerly, for the administration of affairs was now committed to William, bishop of Durham [Ranulf’s predecessor]. He was moved with envy and used to mutter with Roger Montgomery and Roger, earl of Northumberland. Even William, bishop of Durham, the confidential minister of the king, joined in their treachery. This was a matter of great concern to William. Odo now carried off booty of every kind to Rochester, plundering the king’s revenues in Kent and especially the lands of the archbishop. William of Malmesbury, Chronicle of the Kings of England, written before 1143. Source C: A chronicler outlines the activities of Ranulf Flambard. © Simeon, translated J Stevenson, A History of the Kings of England, page 167-8, LLANERCH PRESS LIMITED, 1987. From first line " Ranulf, bishop of Durham, received from the king, first abbeys and then bishoprics, whose holders had died and put them up for sale" to last line " he harassed both g © OCR 2024 Y102/01 Jun24 3 Source D: A monk at Canterbury gives an account of relations between Ranulf Flambard and the archbishop of Canterbury. Thurgod, a monk of Durham was chosen to be bishop of St Andrews, but his consecration was delayed because Thomas, the prospective archbishop of York, had not yet been consecrated himself. Accordingly Ranulf, bishop of Durham proposed to consecrate Thurgod at York in the presence of Thomas. He sent a knight to Anselm with a message reporting what was proposed and begging him to give it his authority. Anselm wrote in reply that ‘I do not give my authority or permission and more than that, I positively forbid it to be done before the consecration of the archbishop elect.’ Eadmer, History of Recent Events in England, written before 1126. © OCR 2024 Turn over Y102/01 Jun24 4 © OCR 2024 Y102/01 Jun24 Section B Anglo‑Saxon England and the Norman Conquest 1035–1087 Answer Question 2 or Question 3. 2* ‘Disputes over the succession were the main reason for instability in England during the period from 1035 to 1042.’ How far do you agree? [20] 3* How seriously was William I’s consolidation of his power in England threatened by the rebellions of 1067–1070? [20] END OF QUESTION PAPER Oxford Cambridge and RSA Copyright Information OCR is committed to seeking permission to reproduce all third-party content that it uses in its assessment materials. OCR has attempted to identify and contact all copyright holders whose work is used in this paper. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced in the OCR Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download from our public website () after the live examination series. If OCR has unwittingly failed to correctly acknowledge or clear any third-party content in this assessment material, OCR will be happy to correct its mistake at the earliest possible opportunity. For queries or further information please contact The OCR Copyright Team, The Triangle Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 8EA. OCR is part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. GCE History A Y102/01: British period study and enquiry: Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest A Level Mark Scheme for June 2024 Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA) is a leading UK awarding body, providing a wide range of qualifications to meet the needs of candidates of all ages and abilities. OCR qualifications include AS/A Levels, Diplomas, GCSEs, Cambridge Nationals, Cambridge Technicals, Functional Skills, Key Skills, Entry Level qualifications, NVQs and vocational qualifications in areas such as IT, business, languages, teaching/training, administration and secretarial skills. 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Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the published question papers and the report on the examination. © OCR 2024 Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations Y102/01 Mark Scheme June 2024 MARKING INSTRUCTIONS PREPARATION FOR MARKING RM ASSESSOR 1. 2. 3. Make sure that you have accessed and completed the relevant training packages for on-screen marking: RM Assessor Assessor Online Training; OCR Essential Guide to Marking. Make sure that you have read and understood the mark scheme and the question paper for this unit. These are posted on the RM Cambridge Assessment Support Portal Log-in to RM Assessor and mark the required number of practice responses (“scripts”) and the number of required standardisation responses. YOU MUST MARK 5 PRACTICE AND 6 STANDARDISATION RESPONSES BEFORE YOU CAN BE APPROVED TO MARK LIVE SCRIPTS. MARKING 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mark strictly to the mark scheme. Marks awarded must relate directly to the marking criteria. The schedule of dates is very important. It is essential that you meet the RM Assessor 50% and 100% (traditional 40% Batch 1 and 100% Batch 2) deadlines. If you experience problems, you must contact your Team Leader (Supervisor) without delay. If you are in any doubt about applying the mark scheme, consult your Team Leader by telephone or the RM Assessor messaging system, or by email. Crossed Out Responses Where a candidate has crossed out a response and provided a clear alternative then the crossed out response is not marked. Wh ere no alternative response has been provided, examiners may give candidates the benefit of the doubt and mark the crossed out resp onse where legible. Rubric Error Responses – Optional Questions Where candidates have a choice of question across a whole paper or a whole section and have provided more answers than requir ed, thenall responses are marked and the highest mark allowable within the rubric is given. Enter a mark for each question answered into RM assessor, which will select the 2