AQA_2024: A-level History - Component 2D Religious Conflict and the Church in England, c1529–c1570 (Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme)

AQA_2024: A-level History - Component 2D Religious Conflict and the Church in England, c1529–c1570 (Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme) A-level HISTORY Component 2D Religious conflict and the Church in England, c1529–c1570 Friday 7 June 2024 Materials For this paper you must have:  an AQA 16-page answer book. Instructions Afternoon  Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes  Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is 7042/2D.  Answer three questions. In Section A answer Question 01. In Section B answer two questions. Information  The marks for questions are shown in brackets.  The maximum mark for this paper is 80.  You will be marked on your ability to: – use good English – organise information clearly – use specialist vocabulary where appropriate. Advice  You are advised to spend about: – 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A – 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B. IB/M/Jun24/7042/2D 3 Key areas: 1. The Break with Rome (1529–1536):  Henry VIII’s Split: Henry VIII’s desire for an annulment from Catherine of Aragon led to the Break with Rome. The Act of Supremacy (1534) declared Henry as the Supreme Head of the Church of England, severing ties with the Pope.  Dissolution of the Monasteries (1536–1541): Henry dissolved monasteries to seize their wealth, reducing Catholic influence. 2. Religious Policies under Henry VIII (1536–1547):  Mixed Reforms: Henry’s religious policies were a mix of Catholic and Protestant elements. The Ten Articles (1536) leaned Protestant, but the Six Articles (1539) reaffirmed Catholic practices like transubstantiation and clerical celibacy.  Pilgrimage of Grace (1536): A Catholic uprising in response to religious reforms and monastery dissolutions. 3. Edward VI and Protestant Reformation (1547–1553):  Protestant Reforms: Under Edward VI, Protestantism was furthered with the Book of Common Prayer (1549) and the Act of Uniformity (1549). Protestant practices became more prominent during his reign. 4. Mary I’s Catholic Restoration (1553–1558):  Catholic Restoration: Mary I reversed Protestant reforms and restored papal authority. Her Marian Persecutions led to the execution of around 280 Protestants. 5. Elizabeth I and the Religious Settlement (1558–1570):  Elizabeth’s Settlement: Elizabeth I’s Act of Supremacy (1559) and Act of Uniformity (1559) established a moderate Protestant Church of England, but tensions remained, especially with Catholics.  Papal Excommunication (1570): Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth, intensifying Catholic resistance and plots against her. These areas cover the key shifts in religious policy and conflict from Henry VIII’s break with Rome to Elizabeth I’s religious settlement. IB/M/Jun24/G4006/E4 IB/M/Jun24/7042/2D 7042/2D Turn over ► 4 IB/M/Jun24/7042/2D Section A Answer Question 01. Source A From the Royal Visitation of Yorkshire Monasteries, 1536. This account provided evidence of wealth and superstition to support the passing of the Act for the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries. The Priory of Basedale, North Yorkshire. Order: Cistercian Nuns. Founded by Sir Ralph Evres. Superstition: They have a small bottle of the Virgin’s Milk. Priory is worth £18 a year. Meaux Abbey, North Yorkshire. Order: Cistercian Monks. Founded by William le Gros, Earl of Albemarle. Superstition: They have a vest of St Bernard which is sometimes lent to pregnant women. Abbey is worth £98 a year. Nunburnholme Priory, East Yorkshire. Order: Benedictine Nuns. Founded by Lord Dacre. Superstition: They have part of the Holy Cross. Priory is worth £7 a year. North Ferriby Priory, East Yorkshire. Order: The Knights Templar. Founded by the Earl of Cumberland. Superstition: Here St Gratianus is worshipped. Priory owes £80. The Priory of Haltemprice, East Yorkshire. Order: Augustinian Monks. Founded by the Duke of Richmond. Superstition: Here is a pilgrimage for fever and veneration. They have the arm of St George and part of the Holy Cross. They have the girdle of St Marie which is helpful for childbirth. Priory is worth £104 a year. 5 10 15 20 25 3 Turn over ► IB/M/Jun24/7042/2D Source B From comments on the Greater Monasteries in the Act for the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries, 1536. The King’s most Royal Majesty, being Supreme Head on earth under God of the Church of England, is daily devising ways to increase, advance and glorify its true doctrine and virtue. This is to the glory and honour of God and to the total destruction of vice and sin. From the accounts of the visitations, and from other credible information, the King has true knowledge of the great and solemn monasteries of this realm. In these houses (thanks be to God) religion is right well-kept and observed. Yet they have fewer number of religious persons than they can accommodate. In consideration, the King’s Highness may, at his pleasure, ordain and declare that such of these religious houses shall continue. Such houses shall not be suppressed nor dissolved by the authority of this Act. The great and solemn religious houses will remain as they were before the making of this Act. 5 10 Source C From a private letter to Sir Ralph Sadler from Henry VIII, 1543. Henry uses his experience to advise Sadler on procedure for the Dissolution of the Monasteries in Scotland. To completely destroy the institution of monks and friars is an enterprise which will need careful handling. It is first necessary to be seen to be putting the religious houses in good order. However, Commissioners should be sent out with a secret task. They should examine monks and nuns to learn about their beliefs and behaviour. If this is handled well, the Commissioner shall get knowledge of all the abominations committed. Once the Commissioner has that knowledge, he should consult with the nobility, agreeing with them for the division and distribution of some of the lands between them. They should allot a good portion of the lands of the abbeys to augment the state of the King and young Queen, and their heirs and successors, to enable them to maintain their estate. These abbeys are to the high displeasure of God. They are a great deformity in the commonwealth. It is intolerable that those in them spend all their time in idleness and filthiness showing both hypocrisy and superstition. 5 10 0 1 With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the Dissolution of the Monasteries in England. [30 marks] Turn over for Section B 6 IB/M/Jun24/7042/2D Section B Answer two questions. 0 2 ‘In c1529, the role of the Church in government was more important than its social role.’ Assess the validity of this view. [25 marks] 0 3 ‘The failure to secure the succession of a pro