ENPC 2025 FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
< LATEST VERSION >
1. A 4-day-old who is brought to the emergency department with the parental
complaint of "not acting right" is found to be hypoglycemic. What is the
appropriate glucose concentration to administer to this neonate?
A.Dextrose 5%
B.Dextrose 10%
C.Dextrose 25%
D.Dextrose 50% - ANSWER 🗸 B
2. Dextrose 10% is the preferred concentration for neonates with hypoglycemia
to protect their fragile vasculature while providing needed glucose. Dextrose
5% is not used to treat hypoglycemia in children. Dextrose 25% is used for
children above the age of 5 years. Dextrose 50% is not recommended for use
in pediatrics unless it is diluted.
3. Assessment of the fontanelle provides the most useful information for which
two components of the primary survey?
A.Circulation and disability
B.Breathing and circulation
, C.Disability and exposure
D.Circulation and exposure - ANSWER 🗸 A
4. A sunken fontanelle is a red flag for circulation assessment in pediatric
triage and may indicate dehydration . A bulging fontanel is a red flag for
disability assessment in pediatric triage and can indicate increased
intracranial pressure.
5. Physical complaints are not uncommon in children following a traumatic
event. Once any physical injuries or illnesses have been ruled out,
assessment for any other behavioral symptoms to facilitate appropriate care
and follow-up would be indicated. The incident occurred a week ago so the
likelihood any an severe medical issues is pretty low.
6. Which of the following patient presentations should increase suspicion of
potential child maltreatment?
A.Closed greenstick wrist fracture in a 4-year-old child who fell off his
bicycle
B.Bruises in various stages of healing to the lower extremities of a 2-year-
old child
C.Right radial spiral fracture in a 10 year old practicing martial arts
D.Bruising to the left ear of a newborn from sleeping on his side - ANSWER
🗸D
7. Any bruises in a non-exploratory location (especially torso, ears, and neck)
in children younger than 4 years old and ANY bruising in a child younger
than 4 months old is suspicious for child maltreatment. Bruises to the lower
extremities of a 2-year-old who is learning to walk on their own is not
uncommon. Greenstick fractures are a more common fracture is children due
to the immaturity of their bone structure. Martial arts includes many moves
that could produce a spiral fracture.
,8. The caregiver of a 2-month-old infant states the patient has had trouble
breathing for the past two days. Pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) reveals
an age-appropriate general appearance, rapid breathing with mild distress,
and pink skin. Mucous is noted in both nares. Which of the following is the
best next step?
A.Obtain a history including immunization status
B.Suction nasal passages using a bulb syringe
C.Administer oxygen by nasal cannula with patient in caregiver's arms
D.Respiratory assessment is completed so move to circulatory - ANSWER
🗸B
9. Infants up to four months old are obligate nose breathers and can have
respiratory distress when nares are occluded. Mucous can be gently
suctioned using a bulb syringe or suction catheter. A good, thorough history
should always include immunization status for pediatric patients. The nose
needs to be clear before applying oxygen via nasal cannula. Respiratory
assessment includes interventions to improve breathing so you would not
move to move to circulation until that is accomplished.
10.You need to draw blood from a 2-year-old. Which of the following is the
best approach for this patient?
A.Allow them to hold the blood tubes before drawing
B.Have them watch a cartoon on an I-pad or cell phone
C.Give them an explanation of what will happen
D.Prepare the equipment in the room so they can see - ANSWER 🗸 B
11.The best approach to a toddler who requires interventions is to provide
distractions whenever possible. They are in the cognitive development phase
of "sensorimotor/preoperational" so having the caregiver present is helpful.
You should move from the least invasive to most invasive tasks, and don't
let them watch you prepare since it will increase anxiety.
, 12.Differences in infants airways - ANSWER 🗸 - nose breathers- suction if
needed, prefer nose breathers til 6 mo
- Larger tongue than their oral cavity - easier obstruction
- Weak cartilage rings- collapse like a bendy straw compared to adults
whose are mature and don't collapse with neck flexion/resp distress
- Large heads can cause slight flexion, have towels under head
- Monitor ET placement often
13.VS for 3-5 years - ANSWER 🗸 RR 18-35
HR
14.VS for 1-12 mo olds - ANSWER 🗸 RR 30-55
HR 90-180
15.VS for 12-18 yo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 12-20
HR 60-100
16.VS for 1-3 yo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 22-40
HR 85-104
17.VS for 5-12 yo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 16-30
HR 90-115
18.VS for less than 1 mo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 35-60
HR 90-180
19.Be aware infants can respond to infection with which VS change -
ANSWER 🗸 hypothermia vs hyperthermia
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
< LATEST VERSION >
1. A 4-day-old who is brought to the emergency department with the parental
complaint of "not acting right" is found to be hypoglycemic. What is the
appropriate glucose concentration to administer to this neonate?
A.Dextrose 5%
B.Dextrose 10%
C.Dextrose 25%
D.Dextrose 50% - ANSWER 🗸 B
2. Dextrose 10% is the preferred concentration for neonates with hypoglycemia
to protect their fragile vasculature while providing needed glucose. Dextrose
5% is not used to treat hypoglycemia in children. Dextrose 25% is used for
children above the age of 5 years. Dextrose 50% is not recommended for use
in pediatrics unless it is diluted.
3. Assessment of the fontanelle provides the most useful information for which
two components of the primary survey?
A.Circulation and disability
B.Breathing and circulation
, C.Disability and exposure
D.Circulation and exposure - ANSWER 🗸 A
4. A sunken fontanelle is a red flag for circulation assessment in pediatric
triage and may indicate dehydration . A bulging fontanel is a red flag for
disability assessment in pediatric triage and can indicate increased
intracranial pressure.
5. Physical complaints are not uncommon in children following a traumatic
event. Once any physical injuries or illnesses have been ruled out,
assessment for any other behavioral symptoms to facilitate appropriate care
and follow-up would be indicated. The incident occurred a week ago so the
likelihood any an severe medical issues is pretty low.
6. Which of the following patient presentations should increase suspicion of
potential child maltreatment?
A.Closed greenstick wrist fracture in a 4-year-old child who fell off his
bicycle
B.Bruises in various stages of healing to the lower extremities of a 2-year-
old child
C.Right radial spiral fracture in a 10 year old practicing martial arts
D.Bruising to the left ear of a newborn from sleeping on his side - ANSWER
🗸D
7. Any bruises in a non-exploratory location (especially torso, ears, and neck)
in children younger than 4 years old and ANY bruising in a child younger
than 4 months old is suspicious for child maltreatment. Bruises to the lower
extremities of a 2-year-old who is learning to walk on their own is not
uncommon. Greenstick fractures are a more common fracture is children due
to the immaturity of their bone structure. Martial arts includes many moves
that could produce a spiral fracture.
,8. The caregiver of a 2-month-old infant states the patient has had trouble
breathing for the past two days. Pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) reveals
an age-appropriate general appearance, rapid breathing with mild distress,
and pink skin. Mucous is noted in both nares. Which of the following is the
best next step?
A.Obtain a history including immunization status
B.Suction nasal passages using a bulb syringe
C.Administer oxygen by nasal cannula with patient in caregiver's arms
D.Respiratory assessment is completed so move to circulatory - ANSWER
🗸B
9. Infants up to four months old are obligate nose breathers and can have
respiratory distress when nares are occluded. Mucous can be gently
suctioned using a bulb syringe or suction catheter. A good, thorough history
should always include immunization status for pediatric patients. The nose
needs to be clear before applying oxygen via nasal cannula. Respiratory
assessment includes interventions to improve breathing so you would not
move to move to circulation until that is accomplished.
10.You need to draw blood from a 2-year-old. Which of the following is the
best approach for this patient?
A.Allow them to hold the blood tubes before drawing
B.Have them watch a cartoon on an I-pad or cell phone
C.Give them an explanation of what will happen
D.Prepare the equipment in the room so they can see - ANSWER 🗸 B
11.The best approach to a toddler who requires interventions is to provide
distractions whenever possible. They are in the cognitive development phase
of "sensorimotor/preoperational" so having the caregiver present is helpful.
You should move from the least invasive to most invasive tasks, and don't
let them watch you prepare since it will increase anxiety.
, 12.Differences in infants airways - ANSWER 🗸 - nose breathers- suction if
needed, prefer nose breathers til 6 mo
- Larger tongue than their oral cavity - easier obstruction
- Weak cartilage rings- collapse like a bendy straw compared to adults
whose are mature and don't collapse with neck flexion/resp distress
- Large heads can cause slight flexion, have towels under head
- Monitor ET placement often
13.VS for 3-5 years - ANSWER 🗸 RR 18-35
HR
14.VS for 1-12 mo olds - ANSWER 🗸 RR 30-55
HR 90-180
15.VS for 12-18 yo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 12-20
HR 60-100
16.VS for 1-3 yo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 22-40
HR 85-104
17.VS for 5-12 yo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 16-30
HR 90-115
18.VS for less than 1 mo - ANSWER 🗸 RR 35-60
HR 90-180
19.Be aware infants can respond to infection with which VS change -
ANSWER 🗸 hypothermia vs hyperthermia
