NSG 468
Influencing Quality within Healthcare
Midterms Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. What is the primary goal of quality improvement initiatives in
healthcare?
A. Reducing healthcare costs
B. Enhancing patient safety and outcomes
C. Ensuring adherence to hospital policies
D. Increasing the workload of healthcare staff
- ANS: B. Enhancing patient safety and outcomes
- Rationale: Quality improvement focuses on continuously
improving healthcare processes to achieve safer, higher-quality
care.
©2025
,2. Which organization is most recognized for developing
guidelines to improve healthcare quality and patient safety?
A. World Health Organization (WHO)
B. The Joint Commission
C. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
D. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- ANS: B. The Joint Commission
- Rationale: The Joint Commission sets standards and
accredits healthcare organizations to enhance quality and safety.
3. Which tool is commonly used to analyze the root causes of
sentinel events in healthcare?
A. Fishbone Diagram
B. SWOT Analysis
C. Gantt Chart
D. Balanced Scorecard
- ANS: A. Fishbone Diagram
- Rationale: The fishbone diagram (or Ishikawa diagram)
identifies underlying causes of adverse events to develop effective
solutions.
©2025
,4. Which quality improvement model emphasizes Plan-Do-
Study-Act (PDSA) cycles?
A. Six Sigma
B. Lean Methodology
C. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)
D. Total Quality Management (TQM)
- ANS: C. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)
- Rationale: The PDSA cycle is a cornerstone of CQI,
guiding teams to test and refine processes incrementally.
5. What is the primary focus of evidence-based practice (EBP)
in improving healthcare quality?
A. Personal experience of healthcare providers
B. Best available research evidence combined with clinical
expertise and patient preferences
C. Financial profitability of interventions
D. Eliminating staff discretion in decision-making
- ANS: B. Best available research evidence combined with
clinical expertise and patient preferences
- Rationale: EBP integrates research, clinician expertise, and
patient values to promote high-quality, individualized care.
©2025
, ---
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. In quality improvement, __________ refers to measuring
current performance against established benchmarks to identify
areas for enhancement.
- ANS: Benchmarking
- Rationale: Benchmarking compares performance metrics to
identify gaps and guide quality improvement efforts.
7. The __________ is a safety framework designed to promote a
culture of accountability and transparency within healthcare
organizations.
- ANS: Just Culture
- Rationale: A Just Culture fosters a balanced approach to
accountability, encouraging learning and preventing blame.
8. __________ are unintended harm events caused by medical
care rather than the patient’s underlying condition.
- ANS: Adverse Events
- Rationale: Adverse events occur during the delivery of
healthcare services, highlighting the need for safety measures.
©2025
Influencing Quality within Healthcare
Midterms Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. What is the primary goal of quality improvement initiatives in
healthcare?
A. Reducing healthcare costs
B. Enhancing patient safety and outcomes
C. Ensuring adherence to hospital policies
D. Increasing the workload of healthcare staff
- ANS: B. Enhancing patient safety and outcomes
- Rationale: Quality improvement focuses on continuously
improving healthcare processes to achieve safer, higher-quality
care.
©2025
,2. Which organization is most recognized for developing
guidelines to improve healthcare quality and patient safety?
A. World Health Organization (WHO)
B. The Joint Commission
C. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
D. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- ANS: B. The Joint Commission
- Rationale: The Joint Commission sets standards and
accredits healthcare organizations to enhance quality and safety.
3. Which tool is commonly used to analyze the root causes of
sentinel events in healthcare?
A. Fishbone Diagram
B. SWOT Analysis
C. Gantt Chart
D. Balanced Scorecard
- ANS: A. Fishbone Diagram
- Rationale: The fishbone diagram (or Ishikawa diagram)
identifies underlying causes of adverse events to develop effective
solutions.
©2025
,4. Which quality improvement model emphasizes Plan-Do-
Study-Act (PDSA) cycles?
A. Six Sigma
B. Lean Methodology
C. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)
D. Total Quality Management (TQM)
- ANS: C. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)
- Rationale: The PDSA cycle is a cornerstone of CQI,
guiding teams to test and refine processes incrementally.
5. What is the primary focus of evidence-based practice (EBP)
in improving healthcare quality?
A. Personal experience of healthcare providers
B. Best available research evidence combined with clinical
expertise and patient preferences
C. Financial profitability of interventions
D. Eliminating staff discretion in decision-making
- ANS: B. Best available research evidence combined with
clinical expertise and patient preferences
- Rationale: EBP integrates research, clinician expertise, and
patient values to promote high-quality, individualized care.
©2025
, ---
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. In quality improvement, __________ refers to measuring
current performance against established benchmarks to identify
areas for enhancement.
- ANS: Benchmarking
- Rationale: Benchmarking compares performance metrics to
identify gaps and guide quality improvement efforts.
7. The __________ is a safety framework designed to promote a
culture of accountability and transparency within healthcare
organizations.
- ANS: Just Culture
- Rationale: A Just Culture fosters a balanced approach to
accountability, encouraging learning and preventing blame.
8. __________ are unintended harm events caused by medical
care rather than the patient’s underlying condition.
- ANS: Adverse Events
- Rationale: Adverse events occur during the delivery of
healthcare services, highlighting the need for safety measures.
©2025
