, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology j j
NeuroscientificjBasisjandjPracticaljApplicationsjTESTBANK/STUDYjGUIDE
Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission j j j
MULTIPLE CHOICE j
1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a chem
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ical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the theory that depre
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ssion primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
j j j j j j j
a. Cortisol and GABA j j
b. COMT and glutamate j j
c. Monamine and glycine j j
d. Serotonin and norepinephrine j j j
ANS: D j
One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of depr
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ession. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant role in th
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
e development of depression.
j j j
2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in dam
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
age to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this diagnosis
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
?
a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon j j j j j j
b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet j j j j j j
c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure j j j j
d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands A j j j j j j j j
NS: B j
Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are not controlle
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
d by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
j j j j j j j j j
3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are alw
j j j j j j j j j j
ays prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information that the thera
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
peutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
j j j j j j j j j j j
a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area j j j j j
b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses j j j j j j j
c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
j j j j j
d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
j j j j j j j j
WWW.TESTBANKTANK.COM
,ANS: C j
Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft and j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, on dopam
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral nervous syst
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
em are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
j j j j j j j j j
4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle with unde
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
rstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor would base
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
a response on the understanding that it is:
j j j j j j j
Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on j j j j j j j j j
a. behavioral interventions j
A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently use in th
j j j j j j j j j j j
b. eir practice j
Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain traumacaused c j j j j j j j j j j j
c. ognitive symptoms j
Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those experiencing j j j j j j j j j j j
d. psychiatric disorders j
ANS: D j
Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurologic ba
j j j j j j j j j j j j
sis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understanding facilitates eff
j j j j j j j j j j
ective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is not used exclusively by advanced pra
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ctice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or brain trauma since d
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ealing with the results of normal and abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all nurse
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
s providing all types of care to the psychiatric patient.
j j j j j j j j j
5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by her chron
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
j j j j j j j j
a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer. j j j j j j j j j j j
b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
j j j j j j j j j j j
c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
j j j j j j j j j j j
d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body AN j j j j j j j j j j j j j
S: C j
Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-releasing factors that
j j j j j j j j j j
suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric disorders such as mood diso
j j j j j j j j j j j j
rders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning of the immune system. Researc
j j j j j j j j j j j
h does not support a connection between many cancers and stress. There is a significant am
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ount of research about stress and the body. Research has shown that there are some connecti
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ons between stress and physical disease.
j j j j j
WWW.TESTBANKTANK.COM
, 6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitation
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identify as a focus of nursin
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
g intervention?
j
a. Expression of emotion j j
b. Detecting auditory stimuli j j
c. Receiving visual images j j
d. Processing associations j j
ANS: D j
The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information
j j j j j j j j j j
that allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing se
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
lf, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is assoc
j j j j j j j j j j j
iated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporal lobe function. Rec
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
eiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
j j j j j j j j
7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in the right
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the patient:
j j j j j j j j j j j j
a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech j j j j
b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
j j j j j j j j j j
c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
j j j j j j j j j
d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair AN j j j j j j j j j j j j j
S: B j
The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles.
j j j j j j j j j j j
The right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left side of th
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
e body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of the bo
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
dy. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls motor speec
j j j j j j j j j j j j
h. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
j j j j j j j j
The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus. The pati
j j j j j j j j j j j j
ent will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to individualize th
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
e patients medication teaching by:
j j j j
a. Including the patients caregiver in the education j j j j j j
b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed Pro
j j j j j j j j j j j j
viding the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm and
j j j j j j j j j j j j
c. relaxed
Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help with swallowing j j j j j j j j j j j j
d.
ANS: A j
WWW.TESTBANKTANK.COM
NeuroscientificjBasisjandjPracticaljApplicationsjTESTBANK/STUDYjGUIDE
Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission j j j
MULTIPLE CHOICE j
1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a chem
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the theory that depre
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ssion primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
j j j j j j j
a. Cortisol and GABA j j
b. COMT and glutamate j j
c. Monamine and glycine j j
d. Serotonin and norepinephrine j j j
ANS: D j
One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of depr
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ession. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant role in th
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
e development of depression.
j j j
2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in dam
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
age to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this diagnosis
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
?
a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon j j j j j j
b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet j j j j j j
c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure j j j j
d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands A j j j j j j j j
NS: B j
Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are not controlle
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
d by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
j j j j j j j j j
3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are alw
j j j j j j j j j j
ays prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information that the thera
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
peutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
j j j j j j j j j j j
a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area j j j j j
b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses j j j j j j j
c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
j j j j j
d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
j j j j j j j j
WWW.TESTBANKTANK.COM
,ANS: C j
Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft and j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, on dopam
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral nervous syst
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
em are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
j j j j j j j j j
4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle with unde
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
rstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor would base
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
a response on the understanding that it is:
j j j j j j j
Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on j j j j j j j j j
a. behavioral interventions j
A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently use in th
j j j j j j j j j j j
b. eir practice j
Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain traumacaused c j j j j j j j j j j j
c. ognitive symptoms j
Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those experiencing j j j j j j j j j j j
d. psychiatric disorders j
ANS: D j
Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurologic ba
j j j j j j j j j j j j
sis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understanding facilitates eff
j j j j j j j j j j
ective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is not used exclusively by advanced pra
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ctice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or brain trauma since d
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ealing with the results of normal and abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all nurse
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
s providing all types of care to the psychiatric patient.
j j j j j j j j j
5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by her chron
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
j j j j j j j j
a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer. j j j j j j j j j j j
b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
j j j j j j j j j j j
c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
j j j j j j j j j j j
d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body AN j j j j j j j j j j j j j
S: C j
Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-releasing factors that
j j j j j j j j j j
suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric disorders such as mood diso
j j j j j j j j j j j j
rders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning of the immune system. Researc
j j j j j j j j j j j
h does not support a connection between many cancers and stress. There is a significant am
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ount of research about stress and the body. Research has shown that there are some connecti
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
ons between stress and physical disease.
j j j j j
WWW.TESTBANKTANK.COM
, 6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitation
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identify as a focus of nursin
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
g intervention?
j
a. Expression of emotion j j
b. Detecting auditory stimuli j j
c. Receiving visual images j j
d. Processing associations j j
ANS: D j
The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information
j j j j j j j j j j
that allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing se
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
lf, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is assoc
j j j j j j j j j j j
iated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporal lobe function. Rec
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
eiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
j j j j j j j j
7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in the right
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the patient:
j j j j j j j j j j j j
a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech j j j j
b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
j j j j j j j j j j
c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
j j j j j j j j j
d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair AN j j j j j j j j j j j j j
S: B j
The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles.
j j j j j j j j j j j
The right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left side of th
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
e body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of the bo
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
dy. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls motor speec
j j j j j j j j j j j j
h. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
j j j j j j j j
The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus. The pati
j j j j j j j j j j j j
ent will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to individualize th
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
e patients medication teaching by:
j j j j
a. Including the patients caregiver in the education j j j j j j
b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed Pro
j j j j j j j j j j j j
viding the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm and
j j j j j j j j j j j j
c. relaxed
Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help with swallowing j j j j j j j j j j j j
d.
ANS: A j
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