NUR 404: Immunity and Inflammation Questions With
Complete Solutions
5 Correct Answers fever for Kawasaki disease goes on for
more than ______ days
acquired immunity Correct Answers Innate immunity or
resistance to infection or toxicity
active artificial acquired immunity Correct Answers immunity
acquired through a vaccine
active immunity Correct Answers A state where immune
bodies are actively formed against specific antigens, either
naturally by having had the disease clinically or subclinically or
artificially by introducing the antigen into the individual
active natural acquired immunity Correct Answers immunity
gained through illness and recovery
acute inflammation Correct Answers Rapid response to cell
injury; Assists the body to get rid of invaders; Enhances healing;
Self-limiting; Triggered by infection, toxins, physical injury,
surgery, cancer, chemicals, tissue necrosis, foreign bodies, and
immune reactions
acute phase of Kawasaki disease Correct Answers Sudden,
high fever unresponsive to treatment; Reddened, dry
conjunctiva; Oropharyngeal inflammation; Classic red, cracked
lips; Strawberry tongue; Rash- varies in appearance, but
prominent on perineum, palms of hands, soles of feet; Edema
,and redness of hands/ feet; Cervical lymphadenopathy;
Irritability; Joint pain/ arthritis; Myocarditis with decreased LV
function; Pericardial effusion; Mitral regurgitation; Tachycardia-
gallop rhythm may be present
AIDS Correct Answers CNS abnormalities; Progressive
neurological deterioration- encephalopathy; Pneumocystis
pneumonia (PCP)- most common opportunistic infection in
children; Lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis; Recurrent bacterial
infections; Wasting syndrome; Candidal esophagitis;
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease; Mycobacterium avium-
intracellulare complex infection (MAC); Pulmonary candidiasis;
Herpes simplex disease; Cryptosporidiosis
allergic gape Correct Answers Occurs with severe nasal
obstruction. Child is obligate mouth breather. May also snore at
night when obstruction is present
allergic rhinitis Correct Answers Immune system is sensitized
and overreacts to something in the environment; The body
attempts to mediate this reaction by releasing immunoglobin E
(IgE) which trigger the rapid release of mast cell mediators
(histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes); Histamine (potent
vasodilator) acts directly on local receptors causing vasodilation,
mucosal edema and increased production of mucus
allergic rhinitis Correct Answers Infants do not typically
develop allergic rhinitis until sensitized to trigger- at least 2
allergy seasons. Usually does not appear until ~ age 2; Genetic
link: if other family members have allergic rhinitis, the child is
more likely to develop it; May also cause irritability, fatigue,
, loss of appetite, malaise, and headaches and contribute to poor
school performance; Associated with asthma and eczema; Often
occurs with or contributes to the development of otitis media
allergic salute Correct Answers Common due to itchy nose.
Chronic itchiness may lead to development of a crease across
the nasal bridge
allergic shiners Correct Answers Dark circles underneath eyes
secondary to obstruction of normal outflow from regional
lymphatics and veins
anaphylaxis Correct Answers Occurs due to interaction
between an allergen and a hypersensitive patient with
preexisting IgE for the offending antigen; IgE stimulates release
of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells; Histamine
release causes vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, and increased
capillary permeability causing fluid to leak into interstitial
spaces= swelling; Reactions are typically severe, immediate, and
life-threatening without prompt treatment; Allergen exposure
can occur through ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, or
injection.
anaphylaxis clinical manifestations Correct Answers Flushing/
Urticaria/ Angioedema; Tachycardia/ Dysrhythmias/
Hypotension; CNS; Laryngeal Edema/ Bronchoconstriction;
Nausea/ Vomiting/ Diarrhea
anti-inflammatories Correct Answers Salicylates used after
diagnosis confirmed; Aspirin 100 mg/kg/ day divided into 4-5
Complete Solutions
5 Correct Answers fever for Kawasaki disease goes on for
more than ______ days
acquired immunity Correct Answers Innate immunity or
resistance to infection or toxicity
active artificial acquired immunity Correct Answers immunity
acquired through a vaccine
active immunity Correct Answers A state where immune
bodies are actively formed against specific antigens, either
naturally by having had the disease clinically or subclinically or
artificially by introducing the antigen into the individual
active natural acquired immunity Correct Answers immunity
gained through illness and recovery
acute inflammation Correct Answers Rapid response to cell
injury; Assists the body to get rid of invaders; Enhances healing;
Self-limiting; Triggered by infection, toxins, physical injury,
surgery, cancer, chemicals, tissue necrosis, foreign bodies, and
immune reactions
acute phase of Kawasaki disease Correct Answers Sudden,
high fever unresponsive to treatment; Reddened, dry
conjunctiva; Oropharyngeal inflammation; Classic red, cracked
lips; Strawberry tongue; Rash- varies in appearance, but
prominent on perineum, palms of hands, soles of feet; Edema
,and redness of hands/ feet; Cervical lymphadenopathy;
Irritability; Joint pain/ arthritis; Myocarditis with decreased LV
function; Pericardial effusion; Mitral regurgitation; Tachycardia-
gallop rhythm may be present
AIDS Correct Answers CNS abnormalities; Progressive
neurological deterioration- encephalopathy; Pneumocystis
pneumonia (PCP)- most common opportunistic infection in
children; Lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis; Recurrent bacterial
infections; Wasting syndrome; Candidal esophagitis;
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease; Mycobacterium avium-
intracellulare complex infection (MAC); Pulmonary candidiasis;
Herpes simplex disease; Cryptosporidiosis
allergic gape Correct Answers Occurs with severe nasal
obstruction. Child is obligate mouth breather. May also snore at
night when obstruction is present
allergic rhinitis Correct Answers Immune system is sensitized
and overreacts to something in the environment; The body
attempts to mediate this reaction by releasing immunoglobin E
(IgE) which trigger the rapid release of mast cell mediators
(histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes); Histamine (potent
vasodilator) acts directly on local receptors causing vasodilation,
mucosal edema and increased production of mucus
allergic rhinitis Correct Answers Infants do not typically
develop allergic rhinitis until sensitized to trigger- at least 2
allergy seasons. Usually does not appear until ~ age 2; Genetic
link: if other family members have allergic rhinitis, the child is
more likely to develop it; May also cause irritability, fatigue,
, loss of appetite, malaise, and headaches and contribute to poor
school performance; Associated with asthma and eczema; Often
occurs with or contributes to the development of otitis media
allergic salute Correct Answers Common due to itchy nose.
Chronic itchiness may lead to development of a crease across
the nasal bridge
allergic shiners Correct Answers Dark circles underneath eyes
secondary to obstruction of normal outflow from regional
lymphatics and veins
anaphylaxis Correct Answers Occurs due to interaction
between an allergen and a hypersensitive patient with
preexisting IgE for the offending antigen; IgE stimulates release
of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells; Histamine
release causes vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, and increased
capillary permeability causing fluid to leak into interstitial
spaces= swelling; Reactions are typically severe, immediate, and
life-threatening without prompt treatment; Allergen exposure
can occur through ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, or
injection.
anaphylaxis clinical manifestations Correct Answers Flushing/
Urticaria/ Angioedema; Tachycardia/ Dysrhythmias/
Hypotension; CNS; Laryngeal Edema/ Bronchoconstriction;
Nausea/ Vomiting/ Diarrhea
anti-inflammatories Correct Answers Salicylates used after
diagnosis confirmed; Aspirin 100 mg/kg/ day divided into 4-5
