QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS DSM-V
D/O's, treatment, primary care, neuroanatomy,
theories, screening tools GRADED A+
Terms in this set (175)
A. Five (or more) of the following symptoms have
been present during the same 2-week
period and represent a change from previous
functioning; at least one of the symptoms
is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or
pleasure.
Note: Do not include symptoms that are clearly
attributable to another medical condition.
MOOD D/O: 1. Depressed mood daily
MDD CRITERIA A 2. Loss of pleasure of joy in activities/inerests
3. Significant weight loss/gain
4. insomnia/hypersomnia
5. fatigue or loss of energy daily
6. psychomotor retardationagitation
7. feelings of worthlessness or guilt
8. diminished ability to think/concentrate,
indecisiveness
9. recurrent thoughts of death, SI, or SI attempt
, B. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or
impairment in social, occupational,
or other important areas of functioning.
C. The episode is not attributable to the physiological
effects of a substance or to another
medical condition.
D. The occurrence of the major depressive episode is
not better explained by schizoaffective
disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder,
MOOD D/O: MDD
delusional disorder, or
CRITERIA B-E
other specified and unspecified schizophrenia
spectrum and other psychotic disorders.
E. There has never been a manic episode or a
hypomanic episode.
Note: This exclusion does not apply if all of the manic-
like or hypomanic-like episodes
are substance-induced or are attributable to the
physiological effects of another medical
condition.
Twelve-month prevalence of major depressive
disorder in the United States is approximately
7%, with marked differences by age group such that
MOOD D/O: MDD the prevalence in 18- to 29-year-old individuals
PREVALENCE is threefold higher than the prevalence in individuals
age 60 years or older. Females experience
1.5- to 3-fold higher rates than males beginning in
early adolescence.
, -Recovery typically begins within 3 months of onset
for two in five individuals with major
depression and within 1 year for four in five individuals.
-The risk is higher in individuals whose preceding
MOOD D/O: MDD
episode was severe,
DEVELOPMENT AND
in younger individuals, and in individuals who have
COURSE
already experienced multiple episodes.
-The persistence of even mild depressive symptoms
during remission is a powerful
predictor of recurrence.
-Neuroticism (negative affectivity) is a well-
established risk factor for the
onset of major depressive disorder
-Adverse childhood experiences, particularly when
there are multiple experiences of diverse types,
constitute a set of potent risk factors for major
depressive disorder.
-Stressful life events are well recognized as
precipitants of major depressive episodes,but the
MOOD D/O: MDD RISK presence or absence of adverse life events near the
FACTORS onset of episodes does not appear to provide a
useful guide to prognosis or treatment selection.
-First-degree family members of individuals with
major depressive disorder have a risk for major
depressive disorder two- to fourfold higher than that
of the general population.
-Relative risks appear to be higher for early-onset and
recurrent forms. Heritability is approximately 40%, and
the personality trait neuroticism accounts
for a substantial portion of this genetic liability.