5905 Science Praxis Exam Questions And Answers
Updated 2025
core - ✔✔Center of the earth; composed of iron and some nickel; solid inner core & liquid
outer core
mantle - ✔✔the layer of of earth outside the core; mostly solid and makes up about 70% of
Earth's volume
crust - ✔✔the rocky outer shell of the planet
lithosphere - ✔✔thin, upper part of the mantle and the outermost crust; the rock consists of
cooler, brittle rock
asthenosphere - ✔✔below the lithosphere; contains malleable rock that can move over time
igneous rock - ✔✔molten magma that has cooled under Earth's surface; associated with
volcanic activity
sedimentary rock - ✔✔created by underwater sediments in the ocean compacted by
pressure as the sediment layer builds up
metamorphic rock - ✔✔formed when either igneous or sedimentary rock is subject to
extreme heat and pressure
gases in the atmosphere - ✔✔Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21%
Argon - 0.9%
Carbon dioxide - 0.038%
,troposphere - ✔✔near the surface of Earth; where weather takes place and the location of
almost all clouds; pressure and temperature decrease with height in this layer
stratosphere - ✔✔less dense and temperature increases with height; absorbs much of the
ultraviolet energy from the sun
mesosphere - ✔✔temperature decreases with height; most meteors burn up when entering
thermosphere - ✔✔extremely thin; an abundance of ions; temperature increases with height
exosphere - ✔✔outer most layer; very few particles
ozone layer - ✔✔located in the lower part of the stratosphere; absorbs nearly 99% of the
sun's ultraviolet light
ionosphere - ✔✔Upper part of Earth's atmosphere
-encompasses both mesosphere and thermosphere
barometer - ✔✔measure atmospheric pressure
aurora/australis borealis - ✔✔natural atmospheric light displays; result of Earth's photons
emitting light as they collide with solar wind particles and regain electrons
hydrology - ✔✔The study of all water on Earth, including its movement and distribution.
hydrosphere - ✔✔all the water on Earth's surface, groundwater, and water in the
atmosphere
, waves - ✔✔formed by winds on the surface of bodies of water
tectonic plates - ✔✔plates in the lithosphere that shift causing transformations to Earth's
landscape
continental drift - ✔✔the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface
Pangaea - ✔✔supercontinent
earthquakes - ✔✔destructive releases of energy in Earth's crust caused by seismic waves
fault - ✔✔a fracture between two plates
epicenter - ✔✔The location on the surface directly above the focus of the earthquake
Seismometer (Seismograph) - ✔✔measures and records earthquakes
tsunami - ✔✔a series of waves that have the potential to devastate coastal regions with
massive volumes of water and energy
volcanoes - ✔✔an opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are
ejected; caused by the movement of tectonic plates
mountain ranges - ✔✔plates consist of continental and oceanic crust; as the plates collide,
they push land masses together which can cause the surface to be forced upwards
Updated 2025
core - ✔✔Center of the earth; composed of iron and some nickel; solid inner core & liquid
outer core
mantle - ✔✔the layer of of earth outside the core; mostly solid and makes up about 70% of
Earth's volume
crust - ✔✔the rocky outer shell of the planet
lithosphere - ✔✔thin, upper part of the mantle and the outermost crust; the rock consists of
cooler, brittle rock
asthenosphere - ✔✔below the lithosphere; contains malleable rock that can move over time
igneous rock - ✔✔molten magma that has cooled under Earth's surface; associated with
volcanic activity
sedimentary rock - ✔✔created by underwater sediments in the ocean compacted by
pressure as the sediment layer builds up
metamorphic rock - ✔✔formed when either igneous or sedimentary rock is subject to
extreme heat and pressure
gases in the atmosphere - ✔✔Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21%
Argon - 0.9%
Carbon dioxide - 0.038%
,troposphere - ✔✔near the surface of Earth; where weather takes place and the location of
almost all clouds; pressure and temperature decrease with height in this layer
stratosphere - ✔✔less dense and temperature increases with height; absorbs much of the
ultraviolet energy from the sun
mesosphere - ✔✔temperature decreases with height; most meteors burn up when entering
thermosphere - ✔✔extremely thin; an abundance of ions; temperature increases with height
exosphere - ✔✔outer most layer; very few particles
ozone layer - ✔✔located in the lower part of the stratosphere; absorbs nearly 99% of the
sun's ultraviolet light
ionosphere - ✔✔Upper part of Earth's atmosphere
-encompasses both mesosphere and thermosphere
barometer - ✔✔measure atmospheric pressure
aurora/australis borealis - ✔✔natural atmospheric light displays; result of Earth's photons
emitting light as they collide with solar wind particles and regain electrons
hydrology - ✔✔The study of all water on Earth, including its movement and distribution.
hydrosphere - ✔✔all the water on Earth's surface, groundwater, and water in the
atmosphere
, waves - ✔✔formed by winds on the surface of bodies of water
tectonic plates - ✔✔plates in the lithosphere that shift causing transformations to Earth's
landscape
continental drift - ✔✔the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface
Pangaea - ✔✔supercontinent
earthquakes - ✔✔destructive releases of energy in Earth's crust caused by seismic waves
fault - ✔✔a fracture between two plates
epicenter - ✔✔The location on the surface directly above the focus of the earthquake
Seismometer (Seismograph) - ✔✔measures and records earthquakes
tsunami - ✔✔a series of waves that have the potential to devastate coastal regions with
massive volumes of water and energy
volcanoes - ✔✔an opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are
ejected; caused by the movement of tectonic plates
mountain ranges - ✔✔plates consist of continental and oceanic crust; as the plates collide,
they push land masses together which can cause the surface to be forced upwards
