NASM CNC FINAL EXAM SCRIPT 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Which term refers to the ability to get similar results when something is measured
under the same conditions? - ✔✔test re-test reliability
✔✔Scientists perform a study comparing 1000 women with breast cancer to 1000
women without breast cancer. They gather information on the women's diets and look to
see if the women diagnosed with breast cancer had more fat in their diet compared to
the women who did not get cancer. Which term best describes this study? - ✔✔case-
control study
✔✔Which term describes how a body of knowledge is based on observation and
experience? - ✔✔empirical
✔✔Which term describes a variable in an experiment for which a scientist takes no
steps to account for? - ✔✔uncontrolled variable
✔✔Scientists randomly assign subjects to a low or high carbohydrate group and then
look at changes in body weight over 3 months. Which item represents the independent
variable in this study? - ✔✔diet type
✔✔Which observational study design allows scientists to hypothesize a potential causal
association? - ✔✔cohort study
✔✔a scientist hypothesizes that a supplement will increase resistance training
performance. a study is carried out & the results don't support the hypothesis. multiple
studies by independent labs also fail to support it. what is the appropriate response? -
✔✔the predictions have been falsified & hypothesis is discarded
✔✔a scientist hypothesizes a supplement will improve fat loss by suppressing appetite.
which item represents a prediction generated by this hypothesis? - ✔✔subjects will eat
less after taking supplement
✔✔which term refers to a proposed explanation for observations? - ✔✔hypothesis
✔✔7 studies show diet A lowers cholesterol more than diet B. 3 studies show no
difference. assuming all studies are equivalent in quality, which item best describes this
situation? - ✔✔weight of evidence suggests A is more effective than B, but more
information is needed
,✔✔scientists perform a diet study in which they assign half the people to a continuous
dieting group & the other half to an intermittent fasting group. which describes this study
design? - ✔✔parallel
✔✔a scientists observes that people tend to perform better in a weight training session
after consuming a pre-workout supplement. the scientist proposes the caffeine
increases arousal, leading to increased performance. which term describes the
proposal? - ✔✔hypothesis
✔✔scientists perform a study tracking 10,000 people over a 10 year period. they look at
sugar intake at the beginning of the study & see who develops diabetes. what describes
this study? - ✔✔cohort study
✔✔which of the following represents a strength of observational studies? - ✔✔large
subject numbers
✔✔how does the WHO define health? - ✔✔a state of complete physical, mental & social
well being
✔✔which of the following are components of the 6 dimensions of wellness? -
✔✔emotional, physical, occupational
✔✔which on the continuum relate to a high level of wellness? - ✔✔awareness,
education, growth
✔✔a change in which of the following plays a significant role in reversing obesity? -
✔✔dietary habits
✔✔which of the following nutrition tips do not support optimal health? - ✔✔follow
guidelines from popular magazines, reduce intake of fruits & vegetables, increase intake
of fatty meats
✔✔which of the following represents a socio-cultural food choice? - ✔✔someone who
eats Halal foods because they practice Islam
✔✔satiety is achieved by the relatively simple process of the stomach recognizing that it
is full of food - ✔✔false
✔✔which of the following hormones is responsible for feelings of satiety? - ✔✔leptin
✔✔what foods elicit faster satiety-signal responses? - ✔✔complex carbohydrates &
proteins
, ✔✔which of the following is the leading cause of death? - ✔✔heart disease
✔✔which of the following best describes chronic diseases? - ✔✔they are of long
duration
✔✔which of the following is best described as the state of being in good health,
especially as an actively pursued goal? - ✔✔wellness
✔✔the best approach to eating for a population's diversity & differences includes which
of the following? - ✔✔a flexible approach
✔✔which of the following best defines wellness? - ✔✔the overall quality of health one is
experiencing, especially as an actively sought lifestyle that leads to optimal health &
well-being
✔✔intellectual wellness implies which of the following? - ✔✔constant learning
✔✔what is the leading contributor to preventable death? - ✔✔smoking
✔✔older adults tend to have which of the following? - ✔✔lower dietary intake of
vitamins
✔✔communicable diseases are which of the following? - ✔✔passed from person to
person
✔✔which of the following is best defined as a high degree of body fat, or excess body
fat, with a BMI of greater than 30? - ✔✔obesity
✔✔which of the following is a tip for a health supporting diet? - ✔✔follow a diet that is
low in saturated fat
✔✔an important factor impacting satiety includes which of the following? -
✔✔palatability
✔✔which of the following is true about portion sizes in America during the past decade?
- ✔✔they have increased dramatically
✔✔non-communicable diseases are which of the following? - ✔✔the first leading cause
of death
✔✔Dietary habits associated with a lower incidence of cancer rates include which of the
following? - ✔✔eating foods high in antioxidants
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Which term refers to the ability to get similar results when something is measured
under the same conditions? - ✔✔test re-test reliability
✔✔Scientists perform a study comparing 1000 women with breast cancer to 1000
women without breast cancer. They gather information on the women's diets and look to
see if the women diagnosed with breast cancer had more fat in their diet compared to
the women who did not get cancer. Which term best describes this study? - ✔✔case-
control study
✔✔Which term describes how a body of knowledge is based on observation and
experience? - ✔✔empirical
✔✔Which term describes a variable in an experiment for which a scientist takes no
steps to account for? - ✔✔uncontrolled variable
✔✔Scientists randomly assign subjects to a low or high carbohydrate group and then
look at changes in body weight over 3 months. Which item represents the independent
variable in this study? - ✔✔diet type
✔✔Which observational study design allows scientists to hypothesize a potential causal
association? - ✔✔cohort study
✔✔a scientist hypothesizes that a supplement will increase resistance training
performance. a study is carried out & the results don't support the hypothesis. multiple
studies by independent labs also fail to support it. what is the appropriate response? -
✔✔the predictions have been falsified & hypothesis is discarded
✔✔a scientist hypothesizes a supplement will improve fat loss by suppressing appetite.
which item represents a prediction generated by this hypothesis? - ✔✔subjects will eat
less after taking supplement
✔✔which term refers to a proposed explanation for observations? - ✔✔hypothesis
✔✔7 studies show diet A lowers cholesterol more than diet B. 3 studies show no
difference. assuming all studies are equivalent in quality, which item best describes this
situation? - ✔✔weight of evidence suggests A is more effective than B, but more
information is needed
,✔✔scientists perform a diet study in which they assign half the people to a continuous
dieting group & the other half to an intermittent fasting group. which describes this study
design? - ✔✔parallel
✔✔a scientists observes that people tend to perform better in a weight training session
after consuming a pre-workout supplement. the scientist proposes the caffeine
increases arousal, leading to increased performance. which term describes the
proposal? - ✔✔hypothesis
✔✔scientists perform a study tracking 10,000 people over a 10 year period. they look at
sugar intake at the beginning of the study & see who develops diabetes. what describes
this study? - ✔✔cohort study
✔✔which of the following represents a strength of observational studies? - ✔✔large
subject numbers
✔✔how does the WHO define health? - ✔✔a state of complete physical, mental & social
well being
✔✔which of the following are components of the 6 dimensions of wellness? -
✔✔emotional, physical, occupational
✔✔which on the continuum relate to a high level of wellness? - ✔✔awareness,
education, growth
✔✔a change in which of the following plays a significant role in reversing obesity? -
✔✔dietary habits
✔✔which of the following nutrition tips do not support optimal health? - ✔✔follow
guidelines from popular magazines, reduce intake of fruits & vegetables, increase intake
of fatty meats
✔✔which of the following represents a socio-cultural food choice? - ✔✔someone who
eats Halal foods because they practice Islam
✔✔satiety is achieved by the relatively simple process of the stomach recognizing that it
is full of food - ✔✔false
✔✔which of the following hormones is responsible for feelings of satiety? - ✔✔leptin
✔✔what foods elicit faster satiety-signal responses? - ✔✔complex carbohydrates &
proteins
, ✔✔which of the following is the leading cause of death? - ✔✔heart disease
✔✔which of the following best describes chronic diseases? - ✔✔they are of long
duration
✔✔which of the following is best described as the state of being in good health,
especially as an actively pursued goal? - ✔✔wellness
✔✔the best approach to eating for a population's diversity & differences includes which
of the following? - ✔✔a flexible approach
✔✔which of the following best defines wellness? - ✔✔the overall quality of health one is
experiencing, especially as an actively sought lifestyle that leads to optimal health &
well-being
✔✔intellectual wellness implies which of the following? - ✔✔constant learning
✔✔what is the leading contributor to preventable death? - ✔✔smoking
✔✔older adults tend to have which of the following? - ✔✔lower dietary intake of
vitamins
✔✔communicable diseases are which of the following? - ✔✔passed from person to
person
✔✔which of the following is best defined as a high degree of body fat, or excess body
fat, with a BMI of greater than 30? - ✔✔obesity
✔✔which of the following is a tip for a health supporting diet? - ✔✔follow a diet that is
low in saturated fat
✔✔an important factor impacting satiety includes which of the following? -
✔✔palatability
✔✔which of the following is true about portion sizes in America during the past decade?
- ✔✔they have increased dramatically
✔✔non-communicable diseases are which of the following? - ✔✔the first leading cause
of death
✔✔Dietary habits associated with a lower incidence of cancer rates include which of the
following? - ✔✔eating foods high in antioxidants
