NR 565
NR565 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 2025
Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of the beta cells. Eighty-five to
90% of type 1 diabetics have: -Correct Answer ✔Autoantibodies to two tyrosine
phosphatases
Diagnostic criteria for diabetes include: -Correct Answer ✔Symptoms of diabetes plus a
casual blood glucose greater than 200 mg/dl
Routine screening of asymptomatic adults for diabetes is appropriate for: -Correct
Answer ✔Native Americans, African Americans, and Hispanics
Screening for children who meet the following criteria should begin at age 10 and occur
every 3 years thereafter: -Correct Answer ✔Any of the above
Insulin is used to treat both types of diabetes. It acts by: -Correct Answer ✔Increasing
peripheral glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and fat
Adam has type 1 diabetes and plays tennis for his university. He exhibits a knowledge
deficit about his insulin and his diagnosis. He should be taught that: -Correct Answer
✔He should increase his carbohydrate intake during times of exercise.
Insulin preparations are divided into categories based on onset, duration, and intensity
of action following subcutaneous injection. Which of the following insulin preparations
has the shortest onset and duration of action? -Correct Answer ✔Glulisine
The drug of choice for type 2 diabetics is metformin. Metformin: -Correct Answer
✔Decreases glycogenolysis by the liver
Sulfonylureas may be added to a treatment regimen for type 2 diabetics when lifestyle
modifications and metformin are insufficient to achieve target glucose levels.
Sulfonylureas have been moved to Step 2 therapy because they: -Correct Answer
✔Have a significant risk for hypoglycemia
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (gliptins) act on the incretin system to improve glycemic
control. Advantages of these drugs include: -Correct Answer ✔Low risk for
hypoglycemia
Control targets for patients with diabetes include: -Correct Answer ✔3. Blood pressure
less than 130/80 mm Hg
NR 565
, NR 565
Establishing glycemic targets is the first step in treatment of both types of diabetes. For
type 1 diabetes: -Correct Answer ✔Conventional therapy has a fasting plasma glucose
target between 120 and 150 mg/dl.
Treatment with insulin for type 1 diabetics: -Correct Answer ✔Starts with a total daily
dose of 0.2 to 0.4 units per kg of body weight
When the total daily insulin dose is split and given twice daily, which of the following
rules may be followed? -Correct Answer ✔Give two-thirds of the total dose in the
morning and one-third in the evening.
Studies have shown that control targets that reduce the HbA1C to less than 7% are
associated with fewer long-term complications of diabetes. Patients who should have
such a target include: -Correct Answer ✔Those with no significant cardiovascular
disease
Prevention of conversion from prediabetes to diabetes in young children must take
highest priority and should focus on: -Correct Answer ✔Fostering LDL levels less than
100 mg/dl and total cholesterol less than 170 mg/dl to prevent cardiovascular disease
The drugs recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for use in children
with diabetes (depending upon type of diabetes) are: -Correct Answer ✔Metformin and
insulin
Unlike most type 2 diabetics where obesity is a major issue, older adults with low body
weight have higher risks for morbidity and mortality. The most reliable indicator of poor
nutritional status in older adults is: -Correct Answer ✔Involuntary loss of 10% of body
weight in less than 6 months
The drugs recommended for older adults with type 2 diabetes include: -Correct Answer
✔Third-generation sulfonylureas
Ethnic groups differ in their risk for and presentation of diabetes. Hispanics: -Correct
Answer ✔Both 1 and 2
The American Heart Association states that people with diabetes have a 2- to 4-fold
increase in the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. Treatments and targets that
do not appear to decrease risk for micro- and macro-vascular complications include: -
Correct Answer ✔Glycemic targets between 7% and 7.5%
All diabetic patients with known cardiovascular disease should be treated with: -Correct
Answer ✔Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and aspirin to reduce risk of
cardiovascular events
NR 565
NR565 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 2025
Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of the beta cells. Eighty-five to
90% of type 1 diabetics have: -Correct Answer ✔Autoantibodies to two tyrosine
phosphatases
Diagnostic criteria for diabetes include: -Correct Answer ✔Symptoms of diabetes plus a
casual blood glucose greater than 200 mg/dl
Routine screening of asymptomatic adults for diabetes is appropriate for: -Correct
Answer ✔Native Americans, African Americans, and Hispanics
Screening for children who meet the following criteria should begin at age 10 and occur
every 3 years thereafter: -Correct Answer ✔Any of the above
Insulin is used to treat both types of diabetes. It acts by: -Correct Answer ✔Increasing
peripheral glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and fat
Adam has type 1 diabetes and plays tennis for his university. He exhibits a knowledge
deficit about his insulin and his diagnosis. He should be taught that: -Correct Answer
✔He should increase his carbohydrate intake during times of exercise.
Insulin preparations are divided into categories based on onset, duration, and intensity
of action following subcutaneous injection. Which of the following insulin preparations
has the shortest onset and duration of action? -Correct Answer ✔Glulisine
The drug of choice for type 2 diabetics is metformin. Metformin: -Correct Answer
✔Decreases glycogenolysis by the liver
Sulfonylureas may be added to a treatment regimen for type 2 diabetics when lifestyle
modifications and metformin are insufficient to achieve target glucose levels.
Sulfonylureas have been moved to Step 2 therapy because they: -Correct Answer
✔Have a significant risk for hypoglycemia
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (gliptins) act on the incretin system to improve glycemic
control. Advantages of these drugs include: -Correct Answer ✔Low risk for
hypoglycemia
Control targets for patients with diabetes include: -Correct Answer ✔3. Blood pressure
less than 130/80 mm Hg
NR 565
, NR 565
Establishing glycemic targets is the first step in treatment of both types of diabetes. For
type 1 diabetes: -Correct Answer ✔Conventional therapy has a fasting plasma glucose
target between 120 and 150 mg/dl.
Treatment with insulin for type 1 diabetics: -Correct Answer ✔Starts with a total daily
dose of 0.2 to 0.4 units per kg of body weight
When the total daily insulin dose is split and given twice daily, which of the following
rules may be followed? -Correct Answer ✔Give two-thirds of the total dose in the
morning and one-third in the evening.
Studies have shown that control targets that reduce the HbA1C to less than 7% are
associated with fewer long-term complications of diabetes. Patients who should have
such a target include: -Correct Answer ✔Those with no significant cardiovascular
disease
Prevention of conversion from prediabetes to diabetes in young children must take
highest priority and should focus on: -Correct Answer ✔Fostering LDL levels less than
100 mg/dl and total cholesterol less than 170 mg/dl to prevent cardiovascular disease
The drugs recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for use in children
with diabetes (depending upon type of diabetes) are: -Correct Answer ✔Metformin and
insulin
Unlike most type 2 diabetics where obesity is a major issue, older adults with low body
weight have higher risks for morbidity and mortality. The most reliable indicator of poor
nutritional status in older adults is: -Correct Answer ✔Involuntary loss of 10% of body
weight in less than 6 months
The drugs recommended for older adults with type 2 diabetes include: -Correct Answer
✔Third-generation sulfonylureas
Ethnic groups differ in their risk for and presentation of diabetes. Hispanics: -Correct
Answer ✔Both 1 and 2
The American Heart Association states that people with diabetes have a 2- to 4-fold
increase in the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. Treatments and targets that
do not appear to decrease risk for micro- and macro-vascular complications include: -
Correct Answer ✔Glycemic targets between 7% and 7.5%
All diabetic patients with known cardiovascular disease should be treated with: -Correct
Answer ✔Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and aspirin to reduce risk of
cardiovascular events
NR 565
