Study Guide - RD Exam – MNT Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Study Guide - RD Exam – MNT Questions and Answers 100% Pass How do the kidneys compensate for respiratory acidosis? - The kidneys conserve more bicarbonate How is the RQ calculated? - CO2 produced divided by O2 consumed RQ = CO2 produced/O2 consumed Is glutamine an essential or non-essential amino acid? - Non-essential AA that can become essential in times of stress. What is the RQ for each of the macronutrients? - RQ of CHO = 1.0, RQ of a mixed diet = 0.85, RQ of protein = 0.82, 2 100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights RQ of fat = 0.7 A high CO2 and low pH indicates what condition? - respiratory acidosis What type of protein has the most influence on the renal solute load (RSL)? - Caseinate What nutrients increase a patient's renal solute load (RSL)? - protein & sodium What vitamin supplement would not be recommended to a patient with ESRD? - Vitamin A; the body stores excessive vitamin A in the uremic state What is the normal glomerular filtration rate? - 125 mL/min A patient with chronic renal failure with a GFR of 30 mL/min would require what protein recommendation? - Conservative; 0.6-0.8 g/kg bodyweight protein Oliguria is defined as a urine output of ______. - Less than 500 cc/24 hours 3 100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights How much water is excreted per day by the average adult? - 2 Liters What lab value will dictate the total level of protein in a patient with chronic renal failure? - The decreasing GFR Which hormone is responsible for rabsorption of sodium by the kidneys thereby controlling blood pressure? - Aldosterone In kidney disease, calcium absorption is decreased because ... - Decreased active vitamin D formation What dietary factor has the greatest effect on blood lipid levels? - Saturated Fat What is the most influential risk factor contributing to hypertension? - Obesity; weight control is the most important factor in the control of hypertension. Identify one group of foods that should be avoided on a low-sodium diet. - Processed meats 4 100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Name a known vasopressor that can exacerbate hypertension. - Alcohol is a proven vasopressor; low alcohol intake has been proven to decrease hypertension. What is the primary goal of nutrition intervention for DM? - Normalize BG levels Which is more important in the control of hypertension: sodium reduction or weight control? - Weight control is the most important factor If an RD wants to know if the diet for a newly diagnosed diabetic is appropriate, she should request what lab value from the MD? - The key is "newly diagnosed"; thus, one would expect elevated HgbA1C, since it reflects the last 2-4 months. Request a serum glucose for recent change