Bio 345 Evolution ASU Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Bio 345 Evolution ASU Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Biological Species Concept (BSC): - Species are groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups (Mayr, 1942) Phylogenetic Species Concept (PSC): - A phylogenetic species is an irreducible cluster of organisms diagnosably different from other such clusters, and within which there is a parental pattern of ancestry and descent (Cracraft, 1989). Introgression: - Gene exchange across distantly related species (Horizontal Gene Transfer) Introgression: - The movement, the incorporation, of genes from one genetically distinct population (usually considered a species) into another. 2 100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Geographic isolation: - Reduction or prevention of gene flow between populations by an extrinsic barrier to movement, such as topographic features or unfavorable habitat. Reproductive isolation: - Reduction or prevention of gene flow between populations by genetically determined differences between them. Allopatric populations: - Populations occupying separated geographic areas. Parapatric populations: - Populations occupying adjacent geographic areas, meeting at the border. Sympatric populations - Populations occupying the same geographic area and capable of encountering each other. Hybrid zone: - A region where genetically distinct populations meet and interbreed to some extent, resulting in some individuals of mixed ancestry (i.e., hybrids). Sister species: - two species descended from single ancestral species 3 100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Distinguished by chromosome rearrangements: inversions and reciprocal translocations (especially) lead to reduced hybrid fertility Premating barriers: - Features that impede transfer of gametes to members of other species Postmating, prezygotic barriers: - Mating or gamete transfer occurs, but zygotes are not formed Postzygotic barriers: - Hybrid zygotes are formed but have reduces fitness Dobzhansky-Muller Incompatibility: - hybrid sterility gradually evolves over time due to incompatible interactions between genes Haldane's Rule: - one sex manifests sterility or inviability Causes of Speciation: - Ecological, Reproducitve isolation, Polyploidy, Genetic Drift Ecological: - ecologically-based divergent se