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lineage - ✔✔units of evolution extended over time
- populations that are interacting (interbreeding or competing for mates
and resources
-form units of evolution that can undergo genetic drift and natural
selection
intrinsic value - ✔✔biodiversity in itself is good
- species should be protected regardless of value to humans
relative value - ✔✔species are resources for humans, and their value is
based off of this
- antibiotics
-food
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,-immune health
-culture
species concepts - ✔✔tell us how to classify by defining nature of species
biological species concept (bsc) - ✔✔groups of actually or potentially
interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such
groups
-bins based on whether they can potentially interbreed and have offspring
bsc doesn't apply to which option below?
a. bacteria that exchange genetic material by conjugation
b. bdelloid rotifers (worms) that are obligate asexual reproducers
c. cicadas that mate only once every seventeen years
d. flowering trees that can self-fertilize or outcross - ✔✔b.
the worms are reproductively isolated from their own population; there is
no gene flow or movement within the population: all of the variation
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, would come from mutations in the each individual worm since they are
OBLIGATE asexual reproducers
versus d where the population has the ability to outcross as well as self-
fertilize (the bsc can be applied to when it outcrosses)
- no sexual reproduction = cloning
what makes the phrase "actual or potentially interbreeding" problematic
for applying the bsc? - ✔✔consider: fossils, populations that don't have
overlapping ranges in nature, populations that sometimes but don't
frequently interbreed
if you get two populations to breed in a lab, how would you know if they
did have the potential to breed in nature?
phylogenetic species concept (psc) - ✔✔the smallest monophyletic group
distinguished by a shared derived character
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