Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) 10th
Edition
MIST Pneumonic [10.1] - Answer- Mechanism (and time) of Injury
Injuries found and suspected
Symptoms and signs
Treatment Initiated
Primary Survey (ABCDE) [10.1] - Answer- A-airway/cervical spine,
B-breathing,
c-circulation with hemorrhage control
d-disability (assess Neuro status)
e-exposure/environmental control
DOPE [Ultimate ATLS Prep] - Answer- Reasons for deterioration in an intubated patient
Dislodgement
Obstruction
Pneumothorax
Equipment Failure
Shock index calculation [Ultimate ATLS Prep] - Answer- HR/SBP
Normal = 0.5=0.7
Volume Loss = >0.9
AMPLE [10.1] - Answer- (Allergies, Medications, Past Illnesses/Pregnancy, Last Meal,
Events/Environment related to injury)
Definitive airway definition - Answer- Tube placed in trachea with cuff inflated below vocal cords,
tube connected to a form of oxygen enriched assisted ventilation and the airway secured in place
with an appropriate stabilizing method.
[10.2, pg24]
Laryngeal Trauma Triad of Signs - Answer- Hoarseness (dysphonia)
Subcutaneous Emphysema
Palpable fracture
Tx: flexible endoscopic intubation
Dx : CT scan
[10.2, pg25]
"abdominal breathing" or "diaphragmatic breathing" could be caused by - Answer- Injury to below
C3.
, These maintain diaphragmatic function, but lose intercostal and abdominal muscle contribution to
respiration.
These patients display a seesaw pattern of breathing.
[10.2, pg26]
LEMON pneumonic - Answer- Assessment for Difficult Intubation
Look Externally - small mouth, overbite, facial trauma
Evaluate the 3-3-2 Rule - evaluates alignment of pharyngeal, laryngeal, and oral aes. 3FB
between teeth, 3FB between hyoid bone and chin(tip of mentum), 2FB between throid notch and
floor of mouth.
Mallampati (PUSH)
Opstruction
Neck mobility
[10.2, pg28]
Pulse Oximetry that correllates with PaO2 of >70mmHg - Answer- 95%
100% = >90mmHg
90% = >60mmHg
[10.2, pg38]
Shock definition - Answer- an abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate
organ perfusion and tissue oxygenation
[10.3, pg44]
Types of shock - Answer- Hypovolemic - blood and fluid loss
Cardiogenic - HF
Obstructive - Tension pneumo, cardiac tamponade, PE
Distributive - Septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic(injury to cervical or upper thoracic spine)
[10.3, pg44]
Stroke volume determined by - Answer- preload (venous capacitance, volume status, mean
venous systemic pressure - RAP)
afterload (aka PVR)
contractility
[10.3, pg44]
Earlies measurable circulatory sign of shock - Answer- Tachycardia
[10.3, pg45
SBP can be maintained until up to ___% of blood volume is lost. - Answer- 30%.
Edition
MIST Pneumonic [10.1] - Answer- Mechanism (and time) of Injury
Injuries found and suspected
Symptoms and signs
Treatment Initiated
Primary Survey (ABCDE) [10.1] - Answer- A-airway/cervical spine,
B-breathing,
c-circulation with hemorrhage control
d-disability (assess Neuro status)
e-exposure/environmental control
DOPE [Ultimate ATLS Prep] - Answer- Reasons for deterioration in an intubated patient
Dislodgement
Obstruction
Pneumothorax
Equipment Failure
Shock index calculation [Ultimate ATLS Prep] - Answer- HR/SBP
Normal = 0.5=0.7
Volume Loss = >0.9
AMPLE [10.1] - Answer- (Allergies, Medications, Past Illnesses/Pregnancy, Last Meal,
Events/Environment related to injury)
Definitive airway definition - Answer- Tube placed in trachea with cuff inflated below vocal cords,
tube connected to a form of oxygen enriched assisted ventilation and the airway secured in place
with an appropriate stabilizing method.
[10.2, pg24]
Laryngeal Trauma Triad of Signs - Answer- Hoarseness (dysphonia)
Subcutaneous Emphysema
Palpable fracture
Tx: flexible endoscopic intubation
Dx : CT scan
[10.2, pg25]
"abdominal breathing" or "diaphragmatic breathing" could be caused by - Answer- Injury to below
C3.
, These maintain diaphragmatic function, but lose intercostal and abdominal muscle contribution to
respiration.
These patients display a seesaw pattern of breathing.
[10.2, pg26]
LEMON pneumonic - Answer- Assessment for Difficult Intubation
Look Externally - small mouth, overbite, facial trauma
Evaluate the 3-3-2 Rule - evaluates alignment of pharyngeal, laryngeal, and oral aes. 3FB
between teeth, 3FB between hyoid bone and chin(tip of mentum), 2FB between throid notch and
floor of mouth.
Mallampati (PUSH)
Opstruction
Neck mobility
[10.2, pg28]
Pulse Oximetry that correllates with PaO2 of >70mmHg - Answer- 95%
100% = >90mmHg
90% = >60mmHg
[10.2, pg38]
Shock definition - Answer- an abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate
organ perfusion and tissue oxygenation
[10.3, pg44]
Types of shock - Answer- Hypovolemic - blood and fluid loss
Cardiogenic - HF
Obstructive - Tension pneumo, cardiac tamponade, PE
Distributive - Septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic(injury to cervical or upper thoracic spine)
[10.3, pg44]
Stroke volume determined by - Answer- preload (venous capacitance, volume status, mean
venous systemic pressure - RAP)
afterload (aka PVR)
contractility
[10.3, pg44]
Earlies measurable circulatory sign of shock - Answer- Tachycardia
[10.3, pg45
SBP can be maintained until up to ___% of blood volume is lost. - Answer- 30%.
