EXAM 1-LOCAL ANESTHESIA CH 1-6 EXAM d d d d d d
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS d d d
Which of the following statements is TRUE of local anesthesia? -
d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Local anesthesia eliminates the feeling of sensation without the loss of
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
consciousness
Which of the following methods of pain control did NOT pave the way for modern
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
anesthetics? - d d
✔. Therapeutic massage
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
The first effective gas inhalation anesthetic was _____________. -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. ether
d d d d d d d d d d d d
The first local anesthetic was -
d d d d d d
✔. cocaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following is the most popular dental anesthetic used in the USA? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. lidocaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Local anesthetics ________ the pain signal to the brain. -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. block
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following advantages is/are associated with the use of a local anesthetic? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. hemostasis and pain control
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
States are more likely to allow dental hygienists to administer local anesthesia than they are
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
to allow them to administer nitrous oxide. -
d d d d d d d d
✔. true
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following defines pain threshold? -
d d d d d d d d
✔. The point at which a sensation becomes painful, resulting in discomfort
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
A patient's pain reaction may be influenced by his/her -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. age, culture, and emotional state
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is used to -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. measure pain
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
The relationship between a patient's needs and behavior is best defined as -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. the human needs paradigm.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
The majority of patients who experience dental anxiety trace the onset of fear to -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. childhood or adolescence.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
1|Page
,The health and dental history review is an opportune time to detect signs of patient anxiety.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following signs would indicate a patient is fearful of dental treatment? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Elevated blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and cold, sweaty palms
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Scheduling a ________ ________ appointment can help prevent apprehension in the anxious
d d d d d d d d d d d d
patient. - d d
✔. short midweek
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Although the patient may be apprehensive about receiving an injection, once the anesthesia is
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
administered, its effect will help attain the patient's human need for ______ by providing
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
comfort. - d d
✔. safety
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following will lower the pain reaction threshold? -
d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. fear, fatigue, and emotional distress
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
___________ is defined as the neurologic experience of pain; it differs little between
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
individuals. - d d
✔. Pain perception
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
__________ is a physical and emotional response to a particular situation. -
d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. stress
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Dr. Henry Beecher is credited with defining ________ as a combination of physical sensation
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
and cognitive perception. -
d d d d d
✔. pain
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Infection and inflammation cause the following effects when administering a local anesthetic:
d d d d d d d d d d d
d- d
✔. increase tissue vascularity, which can inactivate the local anesthetic more rapidly.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Desirable properties of local anesthetics are -
d d d d d d d
✔. reversible
d d d d d d d d d d d d
rapid onset d
stability in solution d d
potent
Which characteristics enhances the effectiveness of local anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. high lipid solubility
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Where is the action site for local anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. the calcium receptors
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which part of the chemical structure of a local anesthetic determines if the local anesthetic
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
agent is classified as an ester or an amide? -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. intermediate chain
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Local anesthetics have their effect on myelinated nerves mostly on which way? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
2|Page
, d d d d d d d d d d d ✔. mostly at the nodes of Ranvier
d d d d d d
the quarternary form of the local anesthetic molecule -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. is the ionized form in the cartridge and is responsible for binding to the receptor
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
site.
ester type local anesthetics are no longer manufactured in injectable form for dentistry
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
because: - d d
✔. of their high degree of hypersentivity
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
During manufacturing, local anesthetics are formulated as which of the following to render
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
them water-soluble? -
d d d
✔. hydrochloride salt
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
which of the following anesthetics will provide the most rapid onset based on its pKa? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Benzocaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following local anesthetics is the most lipid-soluble? -
d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Bupivacaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
The mantle bundles of the inferior alveolar nerve innervate which teeth? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. the molar area
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
When the local anesthetic is administered, the solution reaches the core bundles first -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. false
d d d d d d d d d d d d
What is tachyphylaxis? -
d d d d
✔. increased tolerance to a drug that is administered repeatedly
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Recovery of local anesthetics following the inferior alveolar block begins in the posterior
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
teeth, but as the anesthetic in the anterior teeth, chin, and lip (core bundles) begin to diffuse
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
into the mantle region of the molar teeth, these structures will recover before the molar teeth.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
- d
✔. both statements are correct
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
which of the following are true regarding local anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. are potent vasodilators
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
exhibit anticonvulsant properties
d d
cause hypotension d
Which of the following is responsible for allergic reactions in ester anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. para-amino benzoic acid
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
most amide local anesthetics are biotransformed in the: -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. liver
d d d d d d d d d d d d
local anesthetic overdose has an effect on which system? -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. central nervous system
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
3|Page
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS d d d
Which of the following statements is TRUE of local anesthesia? -
d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Local anesthesia eliminates the feeling of sensation without the loss of
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
consciousness
Which of the following methods of pain control did NOT pave the way for modern
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
anesthetics? - d d
✔. Therapeutic massage
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
The first effective gas inhalation anesthetic was _____________. -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. ether
d d d d d d d d d d d d
The first local anesthetic was -
d d d d d d
✔. cocaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following is the most popular dental anesthetic used in the USA? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. lidocaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Local anesthetics ________ the pain signal to the brain. -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. block
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following advantages is/are associated with the use of a local anesthetic? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. hemostasis and pain control
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
States are more likely to allow dental hygienists to administer local anesthesia than they are
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
to allow them to administer nitrous oxide. -
d d d d d d d d
✔. true
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following defines pain threshold? -
d d d d d d d d
✔. The point at which a sensation becomes painful, resulting in discomfort
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
A patient's pain reaction may be influenced by his/her -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. age, culture, and emotional state
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is used to -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. measure pain
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
The relationship between a patient's needs and behavior is best defined as -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. the human needs paradigm.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
The majority of patients who experience dental anxiety trace the onset of fear to -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. childhood or adolescence.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
1|Page
,The health and dental history review is an opportune time to detect signs of patient anxiety.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following signs would indicate a patient is fearful of dental treatment? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Elevated blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and cold, sweaty palms
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Scheduling a ________ ________ appointment can help prevent apprehension in the anxious
d d d d d d d d d d d d
patient. - d d
✔. short midweek
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Although the patient may be apprehensive about receiving an injection, once the anesthesia is
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
administered, its effect will help attain the patient's human need for ______ by providing
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
comfort. - d d
✔. safety
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following will lower the pain reaction threshold? -
d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. fear, fatigue, and emotional distress
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
___________ is defined as the neurologic experience of pain; it differs little between
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
individuals. - d d
✔. Pain perception
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
__________ is a physical and emotional response to a particular situation. -
d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. stress
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Dr. Henry Beecher is credited with defining ________ as a combination of physical sensation
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
and cognitive perception. -
d d d d d
✔. pain
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Infection and inflammation cause the following effects when administering a local anesthetic:
d d d d d d d d d d d
d- d
✔. increase tissue vascularity, which can inactivate the local anesthetic more rapidly.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Desirable properties of local anesthetics are -
d d d d d d d
✔. reversible
d d d d d d d d d d d d
rapid onset d
stability in solution d d
potent
Which characteristics enhances the effectiveness of local anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. high lipid solubility
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Where is the action site for local anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. the calcium receptors
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which part of the chemical structure of a local anesthetic determines if the local anesthetic
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
agent is classified as an ester or an amide? -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. intermediate chain
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Local anesthetics have their effect on myelinated nerves mostly on which way? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
2|Page
, d d d d d d d d d d d ✔. mostly at the nodes of Ranvier
d d d d d d
the quarternary form of the local anesthetic molecule -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. is the ionized form in the cartridge and is responsible for binding to the receptor
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
site.
ester type local anesthetics are no longer manufactured in injectable form for dentistry
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
because: - d d
✔. of their high degree of hypersentivity
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
During manufacturing, local anesthetics are formulated as which of the following to render
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
them water-soluble? -
d d d
✔. hydrochloride salt
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
which of the following anesthetics will provide the most rapid onset based on its pKa? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Benzocaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Which of the following local anesthetics is the most lipid-soluble? -
d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. Bupivacaine
d d d d d d d d d d d d
The mantle bundles of the inferior alveolar nerve innervate which teeth? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. the molar area
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
When the local anesthetic is administered, the solution reaches the core bundles first -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. false
d d d d d d d d d d d d
What is tachyphylaxis? -
d d d d
✔. increased tolerance to a drug that is administered repeatedly
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Recovery of local anesthetics following the inferior alveolar block begins in the posterior
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
teeth, but as the anesthetic in the anterior teeth, chin, and lip (core bundles) begin to diffuse
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
into the mantle region of the molar teeth, these structures will recover before the molar teeth.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
- d
✔. both statements are correct
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
which of the following are true regarding local anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. are potent vasodilators
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
exhibit anticonvulsant properties
d d
cause hypotension d
Which of the following is responsible for allergic reactions in ester anesthetics? -
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
✔. para-amino benzoic acid
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
most amide local anesthetics are biotransformed in the: -
d d d d d d d d d
✔. liver
d d d d d d d d d d d d
local anesthetic overdose has an effect on which system? -
d d d d d d d d d d
✔. central nervous system
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
3|Page
