JBL EMT Final Exam New Latest Version Best Studying
Material with All Questions and 100% Correct
Answers
A pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER -fluid
accumulation outside the lung.
Asthma is caused by a response of the: - ANSWER -immune system.
His parents tell you that their son has had a chest infection for the past two days
and when they took him to their family doctor, they were told it was likely due to
the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They have kept him well hydrated, but the
infection seems to have gotten worse. On auscultation, you hear decreased air entry
bilaterally with fine expiratory wheezes and the occasional coarse wet crackle.
Based on this information, your patient is most likely suffering from: - ANSWER
-bronchiolitis.
A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and
diaphoresis. You should: - ANSWER -assess the adequacy of his respirations.
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: - ANSWER -the inner layers of the
aorta become separated.
The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the: - ANSWER -
sinoatrial node.
The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if: -
ANSWER -pediatric pads and an energy-reducing device are available.
Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided
heart failure? - ANSWER -Dependent edema
,According to the USDOT, minimum staffing for BLS ambulance includes: -
ANSWER -At least one EMT in the patient compartment. The driver does not
need to be an EMT
A 22-year-old man had a strong acid chemical splashed into both of his eyes. He is
conscious and alert, is experiencing intense pain, and states that he is wearing
contact lenses. Treatment should include: - ANSWER -As a general rule, contact
lenses should be left in place. Chemical eye burns are an exception to this rule. If
left in place, the chemical could get behind the contact lens and continue to cause
injury. Therefore, you should remove the contact lenses and immediately irrigate
the eyes with sterile saline or water. If needed, continue to irrigate the eyes
throughout transport.
A 22-year-old male has a shard of glass impaled in his cheek. You look inside his
mouth and see minor bleeding. The patient is conscious and alert with adequate
breathing. You should: - ANSWER -It remains true that you should remove an
impaled object if it compromises the airway or impedes your ability to manage the
airway. However, neither is the case with this patient because he has an adequate
airway. He is conscious and alert and has only minor bleeding in his mouth. The
safest approach, and most practical given the situation, would be to carefully
stabilize the shard of glass in place; consider wrapping the exposed glass with
gauze to protect yourself from getting cut. Since the patient is conscious and alert
and has only minor oral bleeding, it would not be unreasonable to hand him the
suction catheter and allow him to use it as needed. Be sure to instruct the patient to
use the suction and not to swallow any blood. Keep in mind that if you attempt to
remove the shard of glass, you risk cutting yourself and causing further injury to
the patient.
When an error occurs while using the AED, it is MOST often the result of: -
ANSWER -AEDs are highly sensitive and specific in recognizing shockable
rhythms (eg, V-Fib, pulseless V-Tach); this means that they are highly reliable. It
would be extremely rare for the AED to recommend a shock when one is not
indicated or fail to recommend a shock when one is indicated. When an error does
occur, it is usually the operator's fault. The most common error is not having a
, charged battery. To avoid this problem, many AEDs are equipped with an alarm
that warns the operator if the battery is not fully charged. Some of the older AEDs,
however, are not equipped with this feature. Therefore, it is important to check the
AED daily, exercise the battery as often as the manufacturer recommends, and
always have a spare, fully charged battery on hand.
Prior to your arrival, a woman experiencing an asthma attack took two puffs from
her prescribed inhaler without relief. After administering supplemental oxygen,
you should: - ANSWER -Before assisting a patient with any medication other than
oxygen, the EMT must ensure that the medication is prescribed to the patient and
then obtain authorization from medical control. In this case, the physician probably
will allow you to help the patient take one more puff from her inhaler. Generally,
up to three puffs from an inhaler are delivered in the field. It is important for you to
ask the patient how many puffs were taken from the inhaler before you arrived.
The EMT must correct any airway and/or breathing problems as quickly as
possible. After doing so, a secondary assessment can be performed.
Upon discovering an open chest wound, you should: - ANSWER -Upon
discovering an open chest wound (ie, sucking chest wound), you must take
immediate action to prevent air from entering the wound. This is most effectively
accomplished by applying an occlusive dressing or similar material to the wound.
A porous (non-occlusive) trauma dressing will not prevent air from entering the
wound. Tape three sides of the occlusive dressing and closely monitor the patient.
If worsened respiratory distress and signs of shock are noted, a tension
pneumothorax is probably developing, and you must release pressure from the
pleural space by lifting up the unsecured portion of the occlusive dressing.
Which of the following signs and symptoms are MOST characteristic of
hyperglycemic ketoacidosis? - ANSWER -Hyperglycemic ketoacidosis (diabetic
coma) is characterized by a dangerously high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia);
slow onset; warm, dry skin (from dehydration); Kussmaul's respirations, which are
deep and rapid; and breath with a fruity or acetone odor. Insulin shock results from
a low blood glucose level (hypoglycemia) and is characterized by a rapid onset;
altered mental status; and cool, clammy skin.
Material with All Questions and 100% Correct
Answers
A pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER -fluid
accumulation outside the lung.
Asthma is caused by a response of the: - ANSWER -immune system.
His parents tell you that their son has had a chest infection for the past two days
and when they took him to their family doctor, they were told it was likely due to
the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They have kept him well hydrated, but the
infection seems to have gotten worse. On auscultation, you hear decreased air entry
bilaterally with fine expiratory wheezes and the occasional coarse wet crackle.
Based on this information, your patient is most likely suffering from: - ANSWER
-bronchiolitis.
A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and
diaphoresis. You should: - ANSWER -assess the adequacy of his respirations.
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: - ANSWER -the inner layers of the
aorta become separated.
The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the: - ANSWER -
sinoatrial node.
The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if: -
ANSWER -pediatric pads and an energy-reducing device are available.
Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided
heart failure? - ANSWER -Dependent edema
,According to the USDOT, minimum staffing for BLS ambulance includes: -
ANSWER -At least one EMT in the patient compartment. The driver does not
need to be an EMT
A 22-year-old man had a strong acid chemical splashed into both of his eyes. He is
conscious and alert, is experiencing intense pain, and states that he is wearing
contact lenses. Treatment should include: - ANSWER -As a general rule, contact
lenses should be left in place. Chemical eye burns are an exception to this rule. If
left in place, the chemical could get behind the contact lens and continue to cause
injury. Therefore, you should remove the contact lenses and immediately irrigate
the eyes with sterile saline or water. If needed, continue to irrigate the eyes
throughout transport.
A 22-year-old male has a shard of glass impaled in his cheek. You look inside his
mouth and see minor bleeding. The patient is conscious and alert with adequate
breathing. You should: - ANSWER -It remains true that you should remove an
impaled object if it compromises the airway or impedes your ability to manage the
airway. However, neither is the case with this patient because he has an adequate
airway. He is conscious and alert and has only minor bleeding in his mouth. The
safest approach, and most practical given the situation, would be to carefully
stabilize the shard of glass in place; consider wrapping the exposed glass with
gauze to protect yourself from getting cut. Since the patient is conscious and alert
and has only minor oral bleeding, it would not be unreasonable to hand him the
suction catheter and allow him to use it as needed. Be sure to instruct the patient to
use the suction and not to swallow any blood. Keep in mind that if you attempt to
remove the shard of glass, you risk cutting yourself and causing further injury to
the patient.
When an error occurs while using the AED, it is MOST often the result of: -
ANSWER -AEDs are highly sensitive and specific in recognizing shockable
rhythms (eg, V-Fib, pulseless V-Tach); this means that they are highly reliable. It
would be extremely rare for the AED to recommend a shock when one is not
indicated or fail to recommend a shock when one is indicated. When an error does
occur, it is usually the operator's fault. The most common error is not having a
, charged battery. To avoid this problem, many AEDs are equipped with an alarm
that warns the operator if the battery is not fully charged. Some of the older AEDs,
however, are not equipped with this feature. Therefore, it is important to check the
AED daily, exercise the battery as often as the manufacturer recommends, and
always have a spare, fully charged battery on hand.
Prior to your arrival, a woman experiencing an asthma attack took two puffs from
her prescribed inhaler without relief. After administering supplemental oxygen,
you should: - ANSWER -Before assisting a patient with any medication other than
oxygen, the EMT must ensure that the medication is prescribed to the patient and
then obtain authorization from medical control. In this case, the physician probably
will allow you to help the patient take one more puff from her inhaler. Generally,
up to three puffs from an inhaler are delivered in the field. It is important for you to
ask the patient how many puffs were taken from the inhaler before you arrived.
The EMT must correct any airway and/or breathing problems as quickly as
possible. After doing so, a secondary assessment can be performed.
Upon discovering an open chest wound, you should: - ANSWER -Upon
discovering an open chest wound (ie, sucking chest wound), you must take
immediate action to prevent air from entering the wound. This is most effectively
accomplished by applying an occlusive dressing or similar material to the wound.
A porous (non-occlusive) trauma dressing will not prevent air from entering the
wound. Tape three sides of the occlusive dressing and closely monitor the patient.
If worsened respiratory distress and signs of shock are noted, a tension
pneumothorax is probably developing, and you must release pressure from the
pleural space by lifting up the unsecured portion of the occlusive dressing.
Which of the following signs and symptoms are MOST characteristic of
hyperglycemic ketoacidosis? - ANSWER -Hyperglycemic ketoacidosis (diabetic
coma) is characterized by a dangerously high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia);
slow onset; warm, dry skin (from dehydration); Kussmaul's respirations, which are
deep and rapid; and breath with a fruity or acetone odor. Insulin shock results from
a low blood glucose level (hypoglycemia) and is characterized by a rapid onset;
altered mental status; and cool, clammy skin.
