Understanding Nursing Research (410) Ch
5
A research problem
x3 - ANS-indicates the significance of the problem
provides a background
includes a problem statement
\Associative Hypothesis - ANS-Proposes relationships among variables that occur or exist
together in the real world, so that when one variable changes, the other changes.
\Background of a Problem - ANS-Identifies what we know about the problem area.
\Casual Hypothesis - ANS-Proposes a cause-and-effect interaction between two or more
variables, which are referred to as independent and dependent variables.
\Complex Hypothesis - ANS-States the relationships (associative or casual) among THREE or
MORE variables
\Conceptual Definition - ANS-Provides the theoretical meaning of a variable and often is derived
from a theorist's definition of a related concept.
\Confounding Variable - ANS-The extraneous variables that are not recognized until the study is
in process, or are recognized before the study is initiated but cannot be controlled.
\Correlational research - ANS-examine the type (+ or -) and strength of relationships among
variables.
\Demographic Variables - ANS-Are attributes of subjects that are collected to describe the
sample. Identified by the researcher when a proposal is developed for conducting a study
age, education, gender, race, employment, salary, medical diagnosis, marital status etc.
\Dependent Variable - ANS-Assumed to be caused by the independent variable
\descriptive research purpose - ANS-identify and describe concepts or variables, identify
possible relationships among variables, and delineate differences between or among existing
groups.
\Directional Hypothesis - ANS-States the nature (positive or negative) of the interaction between
two or more variables.
The use of terms identify if it is a + or - relationship (direction)
\Environmental Variables - ANS-Type of extraneous variable composing the setting in which the
study is conducted.
e.x. Family, climate, healthcare system, governmental organizations
\Experimental study - ANS-Highly controlled setting, using highly structured design to determine
the effect of one or more independent variables on one or more dependent variables
\Extraneous Variables - ANS-Exist in all studies and can affect the measurement of study
variables and the relationships among these variables.
\Feasibility of a study - ANS-determined by examining the researchers expertise, money
commitment, availability of subjects, facilities, equipment, ethicality
\Foci of research questions in quantitative studies are - ANS-description of variables,
examination of relationships of variables , use of independent variables to predict dependent
5
A research problem
x3 - ANS-indicates the significance of the problem
provides a background
includes a problem statement
\Associative Hypothesis - ANS-Proposes relationships among variables that occur or exist
together in the real world, so that when one variable changes, the other changes.
\Background of a Problem - ANS-Identifies what we know about the problem area.
\Casual Hypothesis - ANS-Proposes a cause-and-effect interaction between two or more
variables, which are referred to as independent and dependent variables.
\Complex Hypothesis - ANS-States the relationships (associative or casual) among THREE or
MORE variables
\Conceptual Definition - ANS-Provides the theoretical meaning of a variable and often is derived
from a theorist's definition of a related concept.
\Confounding Variable - ANS-The extraneous variables that are not recognized until the study is
in process, or are recognized before the study is initiated but cannot be controlled.
\Correlational research - ANS-examine the type (+ or -) and strength of relationships among
variables.
\Demographic Variables - ANS-Are attributes of subjects that are collected to describe the
sample. Identified by the researcher when a proposal is developed for conducting a study
age, education, gender, race, employment, salary, medical diagnosis, marital status etc.
\Dependent Variable - ANS-Assumed to be caused by the independent variable
\descriptive research purpose - ANS-identify and describe concepts or variables, identify
possible relationships among variables, and delineate differences between or among existing
groups.
\Directional Hypothesis - ANS-States the nature (positive or negative) of the interaction between
two or more variables.
The use of terms identify if it is a + or - relationship (direction)
\Environmental Variables - ANS-Type of extraneous variable composing the setting in which the
study is conducted.
e.x. Family, climate, healthcare system, governmental organizations
\Experimental study - ANS-Highly controlled setting, using highly structured design to determine
the effect of one or more independent variables on one or more dependent variables
\Extraneous Variables - ANS-Exist in all studies and can affect the measurement of study
variables and the relationships among these variables.
\Feasibility of a study - ANS-determined by examining the researchers expertise, money
commitment, availability of subjects, facilities, equipment, ethicality
\Foci of research questions in quantitative studies are - ANS-description of variables,
examination of relationships of variables , use of independent variables to predict dependent
