Language Disorders in Children SPAU 4308
EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Biological basis for listening to speech - CORRECT ANSWER - Outer, Middle and inner
ear
Biological basis for speech production - CORRECT ANSWER - respiration, phonation,
resonation, articulation
Extralinguistics of speech production - CORRECT ANSWER - paralinguistics: how words
are said
nonlinguistics: body language, facial expressions
metalinguistics: thinking about thinking
Phonetics: - CORRECT ANSWER - rules that allow which phonemes to occur with other
phonemes
Morpheme - CORRECT ANSWER - the smallest structure in a language
Ex: plural-s: a bound morpheme. bcause it doesn't mean anything by itself unless it's attached to
someoneelse
Syntax - CORRECT ANSWER - words can be sequenced and how they are related to each
other
3 types of Language form - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Phonology
,2. Morphology
3. Syntax
Language content - CORRECT ANSWER - semantics
Language Use - CORRECT ANSWER - pragmatics
Communication Modes (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Auditory-Oral
2. Visual-Graphic (reading and writing)
3. Visual-Gestural
Auditory-Oral - CORRECT ANSWER - most conversation, receiving and output language
Visual-Graphic types (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - reading/writing
1. bottom up
2. top-down
3. parallel/interactive
Visual-Gestural - CORRECT ANSWER - Manual communication (i.e., ASL)
Augmentative/Alternative Communication
Bottom up learning method - CORRECT ANSWER - decoding letters
-kid see letter A and starts decoding and evenually learn how to decode when different letters are
put together
Top-down method - CORRECT ANSWER - Show kid the whole text and they have to use
context clues to figure out unfamiliar word
,higher level concept or order(takes more cognitive abilities
-teach kids analogies, synonym
Parallel/Interactive method - CORRECT ANSWER - combination use of bottom-up and
top-down method, and it doesn't have to be used at the same time
3 bases of human communication - CORRECT ANSWER - biology, cognitive, social
When does the middle and inner ear develop? - CORRECT ANSWER - 20th week of
gestation
when does the nerves of the ears start to develop? - CORRECT ANSWER - 24th week of
gestation
Why do infants sound like baby-talk and not actually like intelligible kids? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1. small oral space in infants compared to kids
2. sucking pads around their cheek so it doesn't allow much movement
3. Tongue movement in infants are very repetitive and little control
Nervous systems of speech - CORRECT ANSWER - CNS and PNS
when is the complete set of neuron present by? - CORRECT ANSWER - 5 months of
gestation
Children's brain more ______ and less ______ compared to an adult - CORRECT
ANSWER - more plastic, less localized
Who proposed the strong cognition hypothesis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Piaget
, Who proposed the weak cognition hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Rice
Who proposed that language and cognition as separate but sometimes related entities? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Vygotsky
Piaget's 4 stages - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational
3. Concrete operational
4. Formal operation
Sensorimotor (1st) - CORRECT ANSWER - Birth to 2 y/o
-touching and grabbing to get to know the world
-babies learn differently in different environment
Ex: staying home a lot vs. going out
Preoperational (2nd) - CORRECT ANSWER - 18 mos to 24 mos
-developing perceptual of things
-children becomes egocentric
-they only care about what makes them feel good
Concrete operation (3rd) - CORRECT ANSWER - age 7
-behaviors guided by logic and reasoning
-better pragmatics
-start to have more sophisticated way of interacting with others
Formal operation (4th) - CORRECT ANSWER - age 7-12
EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Biological basis for listening to speech - CORRECT ANSWER - Outer, Middle and inner
ear
Biological basis for speech production - CORRECT ANSWER - respiration, phonation,
resonation, articulation
Extralinguistics of speech production - CORRECT ANSWER - paralinguistics: how words
are said
nonlinguistics: body language, facial expressions
metalinguistics: thinking about thinking
Phonetics: - CORRECT ANSWER - rules that allow which phonemes to occur with other
phonemes
Morpheme - CORRECT ANSWER - the smallest structure in a language
Ex: plural-s: a bound morpheme. bcause it doesn't mean anything by itself unless it's attached to
someoneelse
Syntax - CORRECT ANSWER - words can be sequenced and how they are related to each
other
3 types of Language form - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Phonology
,2. Morphology
3. Syntax
Language content - CORRECT ANSWER - semantics
Language Use - CORRECT ANSWER - pragmatics
Communication Modes (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Auditory-Oral
2. Visual-Graphic (reading and writing)
3. Visual-Gestural
Auditory-Oral - CORRECT ANSWER - most conversation, receiving and output language
Visual-Graphic types (3) - CORRECT ANSWER - reading/writing
1. bottom up
2. top-down
3. parallel/interactive
Visual-Gestural - CORRECT ANSWER - Manual communication (i.e., ASL)
Augmentative/Alternative Communication
Bottom up learning method - CORRECT ANSWER - decoding letters
-kid see letter A and starts decoding and evenually learn how to decode when different letters are
put together
Top-down method - CORRECT ANSWER - Show kid the whole text and they have to use
context clues to figure out unfamiliar word
,higher level concept or order(takes more cognitive abilities
-teach kids analogies, synonym
Parallel/Interactive method - CORRECT ANSWER - combination use of bottom-up and
top-down method, and it doesn't have to be used at the same time
3 bases of human communication - CORRECT ANSWER - biology, cognitive, social
When does the middle and inner ear develop? - CORRECT ANSWER - 20th week of
gestation
when does the nerves of the ears start to develop? - CORRECT ANSWER - 24th week of
gestation
Why do infants sound like baby-talk and not actually like intelligible kids? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1. small oral space in infants compared to kids
2. sucking pads around their cheek so it doesn't allow much movement
3. Tongue movement in infants are very repetitive and little control
Nervous systems of speech - CORRECT ANSWER - CNS and PNS
when is the complete set of neuron present by? - CORRECT ANSWER - 5 months of
gestation
Children's brain more ______ and less ______ compared to an adult - CORRECT
ANSWER - more plastic, less localized
Who proposed the strong cognition hypothesis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Piaget
, Who proposed the weak cognition hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Rice
Who proposed that language and cognition as separate but sometimes related entities? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Vygotsky
Piaget's 4 stages - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational
3. Concrete operational
4. Formal operation
Sensorimotor (1st) - CORRECT ANSWER - Birth to 2 y/o
-touching and grabbing to get to know the world
-babies learn differently in different environment
Ex: staying home a lot vs. going out
Preoperational (2nd) - CORRECT ANSWER - 18 mos to 24 mos
-developing perceptual of things
-children becomes egocentric
-they only care about what makes them feel good
Concrete operation (3rd) - CORRECT ANSWER - age 7
-behaviors guided by logic and reasoning
-better pragmatics
-start to have more sophisticated way of interacting with others
Formal operation (4th) - CORRECT ANSWER - age 7-12
