APHY 101 FINAL EXAM YEAR 2024/2025 WITH
RATIONALIZED ANSWERS
Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?
The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and involuntarily.
The esophageal wall includes a middle layer of dense irregular
connective tissue.
The walls of blood capillaries are composed of a thin epithelium.
The muscles of the thigh are composed of skeletal muscle tissue.
Fenestrations (openings) are present in the epithelial cells of capillary
walls. - CORRECT ANSWERS-The muscles of the intestinal wall
contract slowly and involuntarily.
What is the basic unit of function and structure in the human body?
Tissue
Atom
Cell - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cell
The human body gains energy by _________ food, via the mouth. Food
is then broken down to basic chemicals through the process of _______
In the small intestine, the chemicals from food enter the body. This
process is called _____. These chemicals are then transported by the
blood to the cells of the body in a process called ______ . The cells will
use these chemicals, along with oxygen, to gain energy in a process
known as respiration _______. Some cells will use these chemicals to
build new and more complex chemicals. Not all substances taken into
the body are used. The body can rid itself of unabsorbed materials and
waste produced by metabolic reactions in a process called _____ -
CORRECT ANSWERS-1. ingesting 2. digestion 3. absorption 4.
circulation 5. respiration 6. excretion
The knee is __________ to the ankle. - CORRECT ANSWERS-proximal
(or superior)
What organ system would include the thyroid gland and pancreas? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Endocrine system
The serous membrane that lines the wall of the abdominal cavity is
called the __________. The membrane that covers the surface of the
abdominopelvic organs is called the __________. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-parietal peritoneum; visceral peritoneum
, During a race, the body temperature of a runner increases. The runner
responds by perspiring (sweating), which lowers body temperature. This
process is an example of a __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
negative feedback mechanism
What organ system is responsible for coordination and integration of
bodily functions as well as detecting changes inside and outside the
body? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Nervous system
The physiological events that obtain, release, and use energy are
defined as __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-metabolism
The lungs are __________ to the heart. - CORRECT ANSWERS-lateral
(away from the midline)
Glucose and glycogen are examples of what group of organic
compounds? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Carbohydrates
A cation is formed when an atom __________ an electron. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-loses
Which of the following is a decomposition reaction? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-HCl → H+ + Cl-
Match the general functions with the correct type of organic compound.
Functions: Cell membrane structure; energy storage
Cell membrane structure; energy storage
Genetic information
Cellular fuel
Enzymes, transporters, structural components - CORRECT ANSWERS-
1. Lipids 2. Nucleic acids 3. Glucose 4. Proteins
What type of chemical bond involves the sharing of a pair of electrons by
two atoms in a molecule? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Covalent bond
The primary type of chemical reaction involved in the digestion of a meal
by the digestive system is a(n) __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
decomposition reaction
What type of substance works to resist changes in the pH of a solution?
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Buffer
RATIONALIZED ANSWERS
Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?
The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and involuntarily.
The esophageal wall includes a middle layer of dense irregular
connective tissue.
The walls of blood capillaries are composed of a thin epithelium.
The muscles of the thigh are composed of skeletal muscle tissue.
Fenestrations (openings) are present in the epithelial cells of capillary
walls. - CORRECT ANSWERS-The muscles of the intestinal wall
contract slowly and involuntarily.
What is the basic unit of function and structure in the human body?
Tissue
Atom
Cell - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cell
The human body gains energy by _________ food, via the mouth. Food
is then broken down to basic chemicals through the process of _______
In the small intestine, the chemicals from food enter the body. This
process is called _____. These chemicals are then transported by the
blood to the cells of the body in a process called ______ . The cells will
use these chemicals, along with oxygen, to gain energy in a process
known as respiration _______. Some cells will use these chemicals to
build new and more complex chemicals. Not all substances taken into
the body are used. The body can rid itself of unabsorbed materials and
waste produced by metabolic reactions in a process called _____ -
CORRECT ANSWERS-1. ingesting 2. digestion 3. absorption 4.
circulation 5. respiration 6. excretion
The knee is __________ to the ankle. - CORRECT ANSWERS-proximal
(or superior)
What organ system would include the thyroid gland and pancreas? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Endocrine system
The serous membrane that lines the wall of the abdominal cavity is
called the __________. The membrane that covers the surface of the
abdominopelvic organs is called the __________. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-parietal peritoneum; visceral peritoneum
, During a race, the body temperature of a runner increases. The runner
responds by perspiring (sweating), which lowers body temperature. This
process is an example of a __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
negative feedback mechanism
What organ system is responsible for coordination and integration of
bodily functions as well as detecting changes inside and outside the
body? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Nervous system
The physiological events that obtain, release, and use energy are
defined as __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-metabolism
The lungs are __________ to the heart. - CORRECT ANSWERS-lateral
(away from the midline)
Glucose and glycogen are examples of what group of organic
compounds? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Carbohydrates
A cation is formed when an atom __________ an electron. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-loses
Which of the following is a decomposition reaction? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-HCl → H+ + Cl-
Match the general functions with the correct type of organic compound.
Functions: Cell membrane structure; energy storage
Cell membrane structure; energy storage
Genetic information
Cellular fuel
Enzymes, transporters, structural components - CORRECT ANSWERS-
1. Lipids 2. Nucleic acids 3. Glucose 4. Proteins
What type of chemical bond involves the sharing of a pair of electrons by
two atoms in a molecule? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Covalent bond
The primary type of chemical reaction involved in the digestion of a meal
by the digestive system is a(n) __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
decomposition reaction
What type of substance works to resist changes in the pH of a solution?
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Buffer
